Table of Content

  

20 August 2018
Volume 48 Issue 4

Immune clonal evolutionary algorithm of dynamic economic dispatch considering gas pollution emission

QIAN Shuqu, WU Huihong, XU Guofeng, JIN Jingliang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  1-9.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.369

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An immune clonal evolutionary algorithm(ICEA)was proposed by combining the clone selection principle of immune system and the evolution mechanism of genetic algorithm. A kind of dynamic immune selection strategy was introduced and a self-adaption non-uniform mutation operator was proposed. In order to make it suitable for solving dynamic emission economic dispatch(DEED)problem with many constrains, different repair strategies were introduced for the equality and inequality constrains of DEED model. In numerical experiments, ICEAs performance on 10-units system was tested, and several peer algorithms were compared. The simulation results indicated that ICEA had good convergence and global optimization efficiency. The uniformity and ductility of the Pareto optimal frontier obtained by ICEA was better than that of comparison algorithms. The Pareto optimal frontier could provide a more efficient scheduling decision-making approach for power system dispatcher.

Image enhancement algorithm based on six dimensional feedforward neural network model

ZHANG Xianhong, ZHANG Chunrui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  10-19.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.063

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Aiming at the problems of weakening the edges caused by filtering denoising, partially indistinct images and low contrast, an image enhancement algorithm based on the six dimension feedforward neural network model was proposed on the basis of fully analyzing the dynamic properties of the model. The experiment showed that the image enhancement algorithm based on the six dimensional feedforward neural network model could better achieve a very good enhancement effect. Compared with other enhancement algorithms, the enhancement effect was clearer and the algorithm was better.

A new method for muti-objects image segmentation based on faster region proposal networks

HUANG Jinchao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  20-26.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.592

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Aim at the shortage of a large amount of redundancy and overlaps of conventional semantic segmentation algorithm, these shortages caused the image segmentation results getting lower accuracy and robust. A new algorithm of multi-objects image segmentation based on faster region proposal networks was proposed. A selective search algorithm was used to get the initial proposal boxes; a faster region proposal network was used to get initial image segmentation boxes. In order to validate our proposed algorithm, the VGG16 models that pre-trained on ImageNet was used on this problem. By using COCO dataset and Cityscapes dataset, the model was well fine-tuned. The test dataset was used for testing semantic segmentation and image segmentation. Compared with YOLO algorithm, the experimental results showed that our proposed algorithm increased mAP of 2.16% and 1.55%. The initial image segmentation boxes by faster region proposal networks were best fitted by GrabCut, multi-objects segmentation results were more accurate and robust. Our proposed algorithm got higher accuracy by sacrifice little time consumption, which got more application scenes in multi-object patterns recognition.

An image feature extraction method based on PDEs

JIANG Shanshan, YANG Jing, FAN Liya

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  27-36.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.072

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Further research was conducted on image feature extraction method based on partial differential equations(PDEs). The effect of evolution times on quality of feature, and the reflection of compression function on the quality of feature were studied. Experiment results indicated that the evolution of PDEs could reduce the impact of occlusion and be robust to dark light, but the qualities of the image features could be seriously affected by evolution times of PDEs and compression function and compression speed.

Integration transform of dust removal system based on fieldbus compatible technology

WANG Qi, SUN Zhumei, LIU Shaohong, BAI Jianyun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  37-41.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.121

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With the help of a network protocol converter, the Profibus-DP and DeviceNet fieldbus networks communication were realized, which were two networks with heterogeneous protocol. A double levels supervisory control system was built, the Siemens PCS7 as upper main control system, Omron PLC as the control subsystem. By Siemens PCS7 system configuration, the upper level monitoring program CFC configuration, remote monitoring figuration configuration, the gateway PD-100S settings and Omron PLC system configuration, the dust removal system was included in power plant main control system PCS7. The retrofit scheme needed small amount of new equipment. Related hardware and software configuration and parameters setting were simplfy. Under the existing dedusting system data update quantity, the system could reliably realize the remote monitoring. The scheme could provide a reference for the integration of heterogeneous fieldbus system.

Smooth walk-to-trot gait transition algorithm for quadruped robot

XIN Yaxian, LI Yibin, LI Bin, RONG Xuewen

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  42-49.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.364

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In order to improve the adaptability of quadruped robot for various terrains, different cases that could occur when robot changed its gaits from walk to trot were analyzed and the optimal transition algorithms which could let gait transition more smooth and waste least time when robot kept stability were proposed. In order to ensure the smoothness of transition sequence, the speed formula of time was given to keep the center of gravity constant acceleration. An algorithm named modified wide stability margin method(MWSM)was proposed to offset the stand back influenced by inertial force and caused by the acceleration through adjust the relative position of the trunk and four feet. The model of quadruped robot was constructed based on the robot simulator Webots, and simulation results showed the validity and effectiveness of the algorithm. The approach could be applied in six points of one static walk circle and switched to trot smoothly and steadily.

Ratio integral sliding mode synchronization control of entanglement chaotic systems

MAO Beixing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  50-54.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.553

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The problem of sliding mode and ratio integral sliding mode synchronization of a class of entanglement chaotic systems were studied based on sliding mode control in the paper. The surfaces and controllers were designed using sliding mode and ratio integral sliding mode approach. And sliding mode uniform speed reaching law was adopted.Two cases for system trajectory on sliding mode surface and not on sliding mode surface were analyzed based on Lyapunov stability theory.The systems errors could approach to coordinate zero under the corporate action of surfaces and controllers. Two sufficient conditions were arrived for entanglement chaotic systems acquire sliding mode synchronization and integral sliding mode synchronization.The research conclusion illustrated that the master-slave systems of entanglement chaotic systems were sliding mode and ratio integral sliding mode synchronization if proper controllers and sliding mode surfaces was chosen.

Chaos synchronization of a class of fractional-order coronary artery systems

MENG Xiaoling, WANG Jianjun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  55-60.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.463

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The problem of chaos synchronization for a class of fractional-order coronary artery systems was studied based on Lyapunov stability theory and fractional-order calculus. Three sufficient conditions were arrived that the fractional order systems was chaos synchronized under appropriate controller. The research conclusion illustrated that systems was chaos synchronization under proper conditions.

Image analysis and engineering application of ground penetrating radar in tunnel lining detection

ZHOU Chenying

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  61-68.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.015

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A practical and efficient interpreting method of GPR signals was proposed in order to improve the accurate identification of the tunnel lining disease based on the working principle of GPR and practical engineering application experience.The interpretation principles, asthe lining thickness, the distribution of reinforced concrete and steel arch, surrounding rock water rich fissures, karst caves, cavity, non-compaction and radar detachment,were systematically analyzed. A method of high efficient ground penetrating radar signal interpretation for tunnel lining disease detection was proposed. This interpreting method had been analyzed and verified with practical engineering. The reinforcement in the image showed crescent shaped, cavity showed arc reflection in the image, non-compaction performances clutter waveform, the antenna was a strip of bright reflection. The interpreting method provides reference and basis for tunnel lining detection which plays an important role in treating tunnel diseases and evaluating tunnel lining quality.

The influence of soil-cement pile deterioration and modification in salt-water area on road composite foundation

WANG Zhongxiao, CUI Xinzhuang, CUI Sheqiang, ZHANG Lei, CHE Huaqiao, SU Junwei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  69-77.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.580

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In order to reveal the influence of soil-cement pile deterioration and modification in salt-water area on road composite foundation, the physical and chemical properties of soil and water in the Yellow River Delta were analyzed through laboratory experiments, and the mechanical properties of salty soil-cement were studied. Based on Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model and strength reduction method, the influence of soil-cement pile deterioration and modification on the settlement and load-bearing properties of composite foundation were stimulated by FLAC^3D. Research showed that, groundwater was basically saltwater with a salinity greater than 5 g/L and the salt was mainly chloride. The corrosion of salt caused deterioration of soil-cement with reduced strength. The deterioration of soil-cement pile increased the settlement of composite foundation and reduced the bearing capacity of pile. It could be effectively improved the bearing capacity of pile and reduced the settlement of composite foundation by using slag powder to modify soil-cement pile. Therefore, in the design of composite foundation, fully considering the deterioration effect of soil-cement pile is the key to ensure that the subgrade has sufficient strength and stability throughout its life cycle.

Dynamics charactersitics of flexible beams undergoing time varying mass

MA Chicheng, GUO Zonghe, LIU Canchang, DAI Xiangjun, ZHANG Xinong, MAO Boyong

Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science). 2018, 48(4):  78-87.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.373

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In terms of an elastic beam with a time varying mass, the oscillation equations were derived using mode superposition method, and the influences of the nonstructural damping induced by the changing mass were investigated. The differential equations were solved by self-adaptive Newmark method, then a relative confirmatory experiment was designed, while the change of the mass was realized by controlling the flow of water. The vibration signals were processed using time-frequency analysis toolkit, which showed more features of the time varying mass system in the time-frequency domain. The comparison of experimental results and numerical results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach and the experimental test. The study showed that the nonstructural negative damping induced by the decreasing mass affected the motions significantly, which could not be neglected in the dynamic design of high precision structures as large-scale flexible robotic manipulators.

Design and experiment of cascade PID control for Maglev actuator

WU Huachun, XIE Siyuan, CHEN Changhao

Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science). 2018, 48(4):  88-93.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.616

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In order to improve the stability of the active vibration isolation system and improve the control quality of the system, the mathematical model of the control channel of the Maglev actuator was obtained by the system identification and the corresponding cascade PID controller was designed. The inner loop of the system was the acceleration loop, which mainly controlled the acceleration of the vibration isolator. The main loop of the system was the position loop, which made the isolator back to the center position and adjusted the reference value of the acceleration controller. The dynamic performance of cascade PID control was theoretically analyzed by the first order system theory; the theoretical results were verified by the establishment of a cascade PID simulation control model in Matlab. Then cascade PID control system was designed by the single degree of freedom experimental platform; the experiment and simulation of acceleration transfer rate was compared; the effect of acceleration control was analyzed. The experimental results showed that the cascade PID control method could make the attenuation range of the control object in the range of 1~25 Hz frequency between -22.5 dB and -2.2 dB, achieved effective vibration control.

Fault diagnosis of electromagnetic coil in active magnetic bearing based on current characteristics

CHENG Xin, ZHANG Lin, HU Yefa, CHEN Qiang, LIANG Dian

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  94-101.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.617

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Magnetic bearings had been widely used for its excellent performance,but the fault of electromagnetic coil might cause the rotor to lose control and cause serious consequences. A on-line fault diagnosis method of electromagnetic coil formagnetic bearings was proposed through the establishment of mathematical model of digital switching power amplifier output current, the current output characteristic was obtained, and the influence of the coil fault on the output current variation rate was theoretically analyzed. A Matlab/Simulink model was established under the two state modulation,the simulation results demonstrated the theoretical feasibility of the method. A fault diagnosis scheme and related algorithm based on current oversampling was designed.Then a digital switching power amplifier test platform based on digital signal processor(DSP)was built, and the on-line detection experiment of related coil faults was carried out. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the method discussed in this paper.

Arc modeling and practical simulation application based on ATP-EMTP

DOU Tingting, YAO Yuanxi, CHEN Peng, LU Deng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  102-108.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.129

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The HVDC line and earth electrode line might be constructed using common tower, but there was lack of research on the back flashover performance of HVDC line, whats more, the earth electrode line arcing horn discharge characteristics was also scanty, in the case of tower struck by lightning. The frequency characteristic simulation transmission line, multi-impedance tower model and air gap breakdown model were established by ATP-EMTP, the influence of electrode line on back flashover level for HVDC line was studied, and the arcing horn discharge characteristics was researched. The results showed that, back flashover performance of HVDC line could obviously be improved by earth electrode line, and lasting arc could be established by DC current in the single pole operation mode.

Fractional internal model control of PWM rectifier based on inverted decoupling

LI Xiangyu, ZHAO Zhicheng, WANG Wenyu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  109-115.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.441

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A novel double closed loop control strategy was proposed for three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier. Based on the mathematical model of PWM rectifier in synchronous rotating coordinate system, the inverted decoupling method was used to realize the complete decoupling of the current loop, and the complicated matrix inversion operation was avoided. According to the principle of internal model control(IMC), the IMC-PI controllers were designed with only one tunable parameter in the inner loop. In the voltage outer loop, a fractional order IMC controller was designed by combining IMC with fractional order control(FOC)method, and the controller parameters were obtained by the cut-off frequency and maximum sensitivity index of the system. The simulation results showed that the proposed method could provide better dynamic performance and disturbance rejection property.

Effect of nitrogen species on nitrogen removal performance of Spirulina platensis

LIU Ting, JIANG Li, ZHOU Weizhi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  116-121.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.092

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The effects of different nitrogen species(ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, urea)in synthtic secondary effluent on Spirulina platensis growth and nitrogen removal performance was explored. The results showed that Spirulina platensis could grow and effectively remove nitrogen in secondary effluent. After 5 d treatment, concentration of total nitrogen(TN)were decreased to 3.5, 6.8, 4.6, and 4.0 mg/L, respectively, when the nitrogen species were ammonium(29.3 mg/L), nitrite(28.3 mg/L), nitrate(28.6 mg/L)and urea(29.1 mg/L). More than 75% of TN was assimilated in microalgae biomass, and only 4%~10% of TN was removed as gaseous nitrogen. This study provided a theoretical basis for further treatment of nitrogen in secondary effluent, and meanwhile, offered a new solution for microalgae cultivation.

Role of siderophore produced by Pseudoaltermonas sp. SCSE709-6 in the removal of Cd²⁺

WANG Zhende, HUANG Zhaosong, JIANG Li, ZHOU Weizhi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  122-127.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.091

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In order to explore the role of siderophore in the process of removal of heavy metals, Pseudoaltermonas sp. SCSE709-6(P. sp. SCSE709-6), was selected as a representative bacterium. The effect of Cd²⁺ addition on siderophore production by P. sp. SCSE709-6 and the effect of siderophore addition on the removal of Cd²⁺ were studied, respectively. Upon O-CAS assay, P. sp. SCSE709-6 showed a vivid positive result for siderophore production. Assays based on chemical properties indicated that siderophore produced by P. sp. SCSE709-6 was carboxylate type. The siderophore yield was correlated with the biomass. Siderophore production was increased first and then decreased when the Cd²⁺ concentration was 0~0.4 mmol/L, notable this value reached maximum at 0.2 mmol/L. It accelerated the adaptation of P. sp. SCSE709-6 to Cd²⁺ while siderophore was added to the culture medium, as siderophore could be combined with Cd²⁺ to reduce the toxicity of cadmium, leading to high removal efficiency of Cd²⁺. The results provided a scientific explanation of why P. sp. SCSE709-6 is highly efficient in removal of cadmium and P. sp. SCSE709-6 could be recommended as a potential candidate for application in bioremediation of heavy metals.

Tests and comparison of the dehumidification effectiveness of drying techniques involving in atmospheric sampling

ZHAO Yanan, WANG Xinfeng, LI Rui, CHEN Tianshu, XUE Likun, WANG Wenxing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(4):  128-136.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.103

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High humidity and fog water can affect the measurement results of atmospheric pollutants, or even damages the instruments. Therefore, it was necessary to dehumidify the sample air with specific drying techniques when sampling. This study tested and compared the dehumidification effectiveness and the influencing factors of four common drying devices, i.e., cyclone cutter, heating belt, Nafion drying tube, and silicone drying tube. The results showed that the cyclone cutter could effectively remove liquid water and it was suitable trace gases and fine particulate matters. The heating belt quickly reduced the relative humidity of the sample air; however, the relatively humidity exhibited large fluctuation. The average dehumidification efficiency was about 20%~40%. The heating belt was mainly suitable for the thermally stable pollutants. The dehumidification efficiency of Nafion drying tube was usually less than 20%, but it was suitable for all kinds of trace gases and particulate matters. The silica gel drying tube could quickly dry the sample air with stable and high efficiency of about 50% and it was mainly suitable for particulate matters. The use of the above drying techniques would cause a loss of trace gases in certain degree. Among them, the loss caused by heating was highest, about 10%. The loss caused by cyclone cutters and Nafion drying tubes was no more than 10% and even less than 5%. These drying devices had different applicability, advantages, and disadvantages, so it was necessary to take account into the measured component.