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Experimental research on mechanical features model of prestressed mutual-anchored retaining wall Jianhong JIANG,Zhenyu YANG,Qi CHEN,Qingyu MENG,Hongbo ZHANG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (4): 61-69.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.165 Abstract （1215）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （3546KB）（10074）       Knowledge map    Save To study the mechanical behaviors of the prestressed mutual anchoring retaining walls under different structural parameters, an indoor model test device was designed considering the mechanical mechanism and different prestress levels and different anchor placement positions. The results showed that due to the lateral restraint effect of the anchor (cable) on the wall and under the lateral prestress, the wall moved towards the direction of the filler, and gradually increased with the prestressing of the anchor. It evolved from T-model into the T+RB model. The earth pressure behind the wall gradually increased and it had a parabolic distribution with the peak at the anchor. According to the test results, the optimal anchoring position was recommended, and the range of anchored prestressing and optimal prestressing. The research results could be used to guide the design calculation of the prestressed mutual anchoring retaining walls. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Barbalat Lemma and its application in analysis of system stability MIN Ying-ying,LIU Yun-gang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1302）      PDF（pc） （269KB）（8482）       Knowledge map    Save A set of primary formulations of Barbalat Lemma and its simple alternatives are summarized. The relationships among those formulations and their applicable scopes are investigated. The applications of Barbalat Lemma in analyzing asymptotically convergence of the system, adaptive control design and Lp stability are discussed via three examples. Related Articles | Metrics

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Perchlorate removal in water by bacteria associated with Fe0 SHI Qiong, LIANG Shuang, WANG Shu-guang* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2012, 42 (6): 107-114.   Abstract （642）      PDF（pc） （2345KB）（6961）       Knowledge map    Save According to the variation of perchlorate mass concentration as a function of time in a series of batch tests, the influence on perchlorate removal by perchlorate reducing microbes (PRMs) associated with Fe0 as electron donor was investigated, which was caused by some relative factors, such as Fe0 adding amount, bacteria concentration, perchlorate load, and initial pH. The results showed that unlike some research before, the Fe0 adding amount was not as much as better. The optimum Fe0 adding amount (mass concentration) with perchlorate mass concentration at 10000 μg／L was about 40g／L. In this case, enough electrons could be produced, while the pH increased not too fast. The perchlorate load for PRMs used in this research was about 603μg／(L?hr?gPRMs), which could take the place of pure microbes to undertake perchlorate removal in the environmental water. The optimum pH for PRMs was around 7.0. The PRMs were more sensitive to the variation of initial pH, but they could survive in a wider range of pH during the reaction. In addition, the changes of the main PRMs species were analyzed through building phylogenetic tree. Compared with the microbes after incubation, the bacteria species partly changed after the experiments. This research may provide a theoretical support for the application of perchlorate removal by PRMs associated with Fe0 to a certain degree. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanical design and gait planning of a hydraulically actuated quadruped bionic robot LI Yi-bin1, LI Bin1,2, RONG Xue-wen1, MENG Jian1 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (5): 32-36.   Abstract （1252）      PDF（pc） （1531KB）（6719）       Knowledge map    Save A hydraulically actuated quadruped bionic robot has been developed by Center for Robotics at Shandong University is described in this paper. The objective is to design a highly dynamic and high load quadruped robot that enables the adaptation to complex terrain. Based on mule／horse creature bionics, the leg configuration with passive structure and hydraulic actuation are met the needs of stability control and high load capacity. And the stability dynamic trotting gait of the quadruped robot is planned based on the forward kinematics and inverse kinematics. Experiments of the developed quadruped bionic robot platform show the rationality of mechanical design and the effectiveness of gait planning. Related Articles | Metrics

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A method on building Chinese sentiment lexicon for text sentiment analysis ZHOU Yong-mei1, YANG Jia-neng2, YANG Ai-min1 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2013, 43 (6): 27-33.   Abstract （1889）      PDF（pc） （1259KB）（5726）       Knowledge map    Save A method on building Chinese sentiment lexicon based on HowNet and SentiWordNet was proposed,in which sentiment intensity of the word was automatically calculated by decomposing it into multiple semantic units and a lexicon proofreading technique was used to optimize the value of sentiment intensity of the word. The building lexicon was applied to the task of sentiment analysis, in which the support vector machine was used to build the sentiment classifier. The experiment results showed that the built sentiment lexicon was more effective than the general polar sentiment lexicon,and provided an effective dictionary resource for the research of sentiment analysis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Wood defects recognition based on the convolutional neural network XU Shan-shan, LIU Ying-an*, XU Sheng JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2013, 43 (2): 23-28.   Abstract （1172）      PDF（pc） （2379KB）（5554）       Knowledge map    Save To improve the efficiency of wood defects identification, a method based on the convolutional neural network was proposed. A convolutional neural network was presented to recognize the wood defect, and the numbers of training samples were determined by an incremental learning method; the corresponding network structure was designed, and the time consumption could be reduced. Experimental results showed that the preprocessing of a complex image was not needed, and the multiclass defects could be recognized with high accuracy, small complexity and good robustness, while the inherent shortcomings of the traditional algorithm were overcame. Related Articles | Metrics

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DSP based implementation of the space vector pulse width modulation KONG Wei-tao,ZHANG Qing-fan,ZHANG Cheng-hui JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （539）      PDF（pc） （1039KB）（4995）       Knowledge map    Save According to the fundamental principle of motors, the space vector theory was analyzed, and a simple space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method was proposed. The reference voltage space vector was directly synthesized based on the switching state vectors in α-β vectors complex space, and the duration time of each switching state vectors was calculated. The computational efficiency of this algorithm is moderate, and the realtime performance is elegant. Thus the current distortions and torque ripples are lower in the output of the inverter. This given method has been applied to a control system of the threephase induction motor based on TMS320LF2407A. The test results showed that this control system with SVPWM has such merits as simple realization, improved running performance and an enhanced d.c. voltage utilization ratio. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic obstacle avoidance Algorithm for the mobile robot LI Cai-hong,LI Yi-bin,FAN Chen JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1461）      PDF（pc） （298KB）（4887）       Knowledge map    Save A new hybrid algorithm of dynamic obstacle avoidance was introduced for local path planning under an uncertainty environment. It is a combination of the rolling planning and RBF neural network (RBFNN) forecast. The moving trajectory of the dynamic obstacle was illustrated by using a camera lens, and a heart-shaped sequence was acquired from the samples. The RBFNN prediction model was built based on these data. A dynamic rolling window within the scope of the scanning ultrasonic sensor was established according to current location when the mobile robot was in real-time planning. Forecast computation was started when a rolling window into the dynamic obstacle was detected. The next moving location of the obstacle was predicted based on the three adjacent values of time sequence. Thus the dynamic obstacle avoidance issue converts into instantaneous static once and the real-time planning was reallized. This method can improve dynamic obstacle avoidance and the safety of real-time planning. Simulation results show that the method is feasible and efficient. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on IDS-faced general-purpose application-level protocol identification technology LIU Yuan-xun,XU Qiu-liang,YUN Xiao-chun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （795）      PDF（pc） （295KB）（4603）       Knowledge map    Save With the ceaseless developing of the computer network environment and strengthening of network application, it becomes more and more difficult to analyze protocol and detect intrusion. In addition, report mistakes and pretermission happen frequently. The reliability of protocol analysis and intrusion detection can be improved greatly by identifying applicationlevel protocol and analyzing different protocols with different methods before protocol analysis and intrusion detection. A generalpurpose applicationlevel protocol identification technology is proposed and applied to an intrusion detection system, whose usability and reliability are proved by the experimentation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The development status of hot stamping and quenching of ultra high-strength steel LI Hui-ping, ZHAO Guo-qun, ZHANG Lei, HE Lian-fang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (3): 69-74.   Abstract （660）      PDF（pc） （652KB）（4452）       Knowledge map    Save Hot stamping of ultra high-strength steels (UHSS) is a new and complex forming technology integrating metal hot forming and the quenching process. UHSS has many advantages due to hot stamping, such as low flow stress, good plasticity, and high forming limit. The shape accuracy and strength of parts formed using hot stamping are very high. So the strength of hot stamping parts satisfies the requirement of auto security, although the thickness of parts is reduced. In this paper, the types of UHSS, the key technologies of hot stamping were introduced. The main content and development status of hot stamping experimental study and numerical simulation study were summarized and reviewed, and the problems at present were also commented. Also, the content for further research and study direction were prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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A fast SVM-based feature selection method DAI Ping, LI Ning* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (5): 60-65.   Abstract （980）      PDF（pc） （354KB）（4409）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the large computation and slow convergence speed of the traditional feature selection methods, a fast SVMbased feature selection method is proposed to overcome.Support vecor machine is employed as the classifier and particle swarm optimization method is employed as searching strategy.The proposed method reduces the iterations of training classifiers by taking advantage of the characteristics of linear and polynomial kernel functions so that it reduces the complexity of calculation. Experimental results show that the method accelerates feature selection in the case of no loss of classification performances. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of perpetual pavement strain distribution and fatigue damage YANG Yongshun1, WANG Lin2, GAO Xuechi1, JIA Haiqing3, WEI Jincheng2 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （506）      PDF（pc） （2517KB）（4263）       Knowledge map    Save Because the HMA fatigue limit is the theoretical base of perpetual pavement design, to grasp the strain distribution and strain action of HMA layer is key for perpetual pavement design. The traffic, axle load spectrum and pavement temperature of a perpetual pavement test road was analyzed by field measured data. The characteristic of asphalt layers dynamic strain pulse was analyzed and regression models were constructed based on controlled axle load truck tests, which could correlate the maximum longitudinal tensile strain to pavement temperature and axle load. Based on the axle load spectrum, temperature distribution and strain regression models, the pavement strain distribution in a year was calculated. According to the fatigue limit theory, the cumulative damage method was used to calculate the pavement fatigue life, and the fatigue life of perpetual pavement test road was analyzed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and development of intelligent space technology for a home service robot TIAN Guo-hui,LI Xiao-lei,ZHAO Shou-peng,LU Fei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1163）      PDF（pc） （366KB）（4262）       Knowledge map    Save Intelligent space technology is a new research field. The intelligent space technology for a home service robot can perceive men and objects in space more completely and realize the relevant service task by setting sensors and actuators distributely in the specified positions of space. Simultaneously the service robot can obtain more comprehensive environmental information through the intelligent space, instead of being equipped with too many sensors itself, and the service robot can work more rapidly, accurately and stably with light packs in an unknown or semiunknown dynamic environment. First, the research situation of intelligent space technology was summarized, then the structure, characteristics and key research topic for the intelligent space for a home service robot were introduced, and the relevant technologies were also proposed. Finally, the new research direction of the intelligent space for a home service robot was discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2009, 39 (1): 27-32.   Abstract （661）      PDF（pc） （398KB）（4258）       Knowledge map    Save Abstract: The goal of super resolution is to get high resolution images from at least one low resolution image. However, with the traditional (interpolationbased and reconstructionbased) methods it is difficult to make further important progress. The emerging learningbased superresolution methods breathe new life into the research. By reviewing these three kinds of methods, the history of super resolution was surveyed, the limitation of existing methods was discussed and the roadmap was analyzed for future developments. Related Articles | Metrics

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Human motion detection based on multi-feature fusion TIAN Guo-Hui, JI Yan-Jing, HUANG Bin JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2009, 39 (5): 43-47.   Abstract （804）      PDF（pc） （792KB）（4231）       Knowledge map    Save A novel method was proposed to detect human daily activities and  fall behavior based on features fusion. Actions were described by a set of postures and features of postures change velocity and position changes, then simple postures events and features were combined to express complex human activities events.This method can robustly detect human actions, thus can be used for intelligence interactive and service robot autonomous server system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey of outlier detection technologies CHEN Bin, CHEN Song-Can, PAN Zhi-Song, LI Bin JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2009, 39 (6): 13-23.   Abstract （1493）      PDF（pc） （1025KB）（4185）       Knowledge map    Save Outlier detection aims to detect those data that significantly deviate from the expected behavior, and thus is widely applied in many fields, such as, machine fault detection, intrusion detection, fraud detection and data preprocessing. Hence, there exist many generic and special algorithms for outlier detection under the unsupervised and supervised learning framework. But up to now, there still has been no clear classification in this aspect. To provide a structural view, the review of the state-of-the-art statistics-based methods for outlier detection was focusedon, and a simple classification was given in this aspect. Moreover,the equivalence between some outlier detectors in depth is particularly discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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A fast affinity propagation clustering algorithm LIU Xiao-yong1,2,3, FU Hui2 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (4): 20-23.   Abstract （771）      PDF（pc） （960KB）（4184）       Knowledge map    Save An important parameter of affinity propagation algorithm (AP), damping factor, affects the speed of AP. Because the value of damping factor is fixed in traditional AP algorithm, the convergence performance of AP algorithm is sensitive to the parameter’s choosing. A novel and fast AP algorithm, F-AP, was proposed. The new algorithm used the constriction factor to regulate damping factor dynamically. Three datasets and iris dataset were used to compare AP and F-AP. The numerical results showed that F-AP could accelerate the convergence process effectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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A review of the research and development of biomass gasification technology in China DONG Yu-ping,DENG Bo,JING Yuan-zhuo,QIANG Ning,SHEN Shu-yun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1274）      PDF（pc） （370KB）（4179）       Knowledge map    Save Biomass energy is an important renewable energy .The use of biomass gasification technology can achieve zero CO2 emissions, saving conventional energy, meeting the requirements of sustainable development. The paper introduces process characteristics of biomass gasification and related equipments; expounds on the direction of research in the fields of biomass gasification, analysis the status of the biomass gasification technology's commercialization in China. Finally, the proposed reference is put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of transmission spectra of 6H—SiC crystal in the visible and near infrared range YU Yuanxun1, LIAN Jie2*, GUAN Wenli1, WANG Gongtang3, LI Juan4, XU Xiangang4 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (2): 126-129.   Abstract （1430）      PDF（pc） （819KB）（3900）       Knowledge map    Save Transmission spectra of instinct and N doped 6H—SiC crystals in the visible and near infrared range were measured by using the UVVis spectrophotometer and infrared spectrum measurement system. Optical transmission spectra demonstrated that the 6H—SiC single crystal was transparent for visible and near infrared radiation. Compared with the 6H—SiC single crystal, it was also observed that  nitrogen doping could make the bandgap narrower, and the optical absorption of N doped SiC appeared in the visible and near infrared range. Also,  dispersion curves were obtained by the transmission spectra, and the refractive indices were analyzed using the dispersion equation in the transparent region. In addition,  spectra analysis showed that the absorption at 625nm corresponded to the free electron transition from the low energy level of band tailing induced by N doping to the high energy level in the conduction band, and the absorption of free carrier resulted in low transmission around 2500nm for nitrogen doped crystal. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of pitch shifting technology and the sound quality evaluating ZHANG Xiao-rui, TIAN Lan* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (1): 1-6.   Abstract （1051）      PDF（pc） （1526KB）（3895）       Knowledge map    Save Three pitch shifting methods were studied and implemented,which were the improved synchronized overlap-add fixed synthesis(SOLA-FS) method, interpolation-on-frequency method, and the phase vocoder method. The improved SOLA-FS method was especially discussed in detail. Principles and characteristics were analyzed and simulation results were provided. In the experiments, it was found that the three methods could all achieve the effects of pitch-shifting, that is the pitch of the audio would be changed but the duration would be kept unchanged. But the auditory perceptions of the three methods were different. So, a sound quality evaluation test was carried out. The results of auditory evaluation tests showed that, under the given pitch-shifting ratio, whether for up or down, the sound quality processed by the improved SOLA-FS method is the best. Related Articles | Metrics

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JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (5): 1-8.   Abstract （473）      PDF（pc） （554KB）（3893）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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A review of the research and development of biomass energy technology DONG Yu-ping,WANG Li-peng,DENG Bo,LU Ping,SHEN Shu-yun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （593）      PDF（pc） （365KB）（3870）       Knowledge map    Save Biomass energy is a type of important renewable energy. It is very important for the solution of the energy crisis and the protection of environment. The work introduces the status quo of the research and application of biomass energy at home and abroad, expounds on the main aspects of the research and the existing problems, analyzes the obstacles in the research and exploration of the biomass in China, and some corresponding measures are proposed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Robot autonomous localization based on a single artificial landmark ZHAO Shou-peng,TIAN Guo-hui,LI Xiao-lei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （588）      PDF（pc） （293KB）（3807）       Knowledge map    Save Based on four essential rules of how to design a landmark, a new style of landmark is proposed, that is a planar self-similar landmark based on QR code technology. The method to detect and recognize the landmark is studied. Based on camera calibration methods, the camera parameters are computed by finding the calibration points in the landmark, which can make the robot realize autonomous localization by only a single landmark. Experimental results show that the robot could locate and navigate fast and accurately using this style of landmark in a complex environment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of PSPICE CAD in designing a highvoltage high power switching power supply CHEN Ya-fei,LEI Hong,CHEN Yin-xing,FENG Jin-jun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （729）      PDF（pc） （1045KB）（3708）       Knowledge map    Save A highvoltage highpower switchingpowersupply employed for MicrowavePowerModule was designed and manufactured with the assistance of the PSPICE simulation. The modeling and simulating processes of design and optimization of the switchingpowersupply circuit for PSPICE is proposed. The factors that affect the accuracy and computer consuming time in switchingpowersupply PSPICE simulation are discussed. The specific methods to solve PSPICE convergence problem are concluded. Finally, the simulating output results are given with fairly good agreement when compared with the experimental results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Head detection algorithm based on mathematical morphology and HSI color space ZHAO Jun-wei1, HOU Qing-tao2, LI Jin-ping3, PENG Bo4 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2013, 43 (2): 6-10.   Abstract （781）      PDF（pc） （1630KB）（3563）       Knowledge map    Save   An approach of head detection was proposed to meet the requirement of the reducing people counting time in real-time video monitoring. A hair color model was established in HSI color space, and the image binarization was processed by considering the range of hair gray-level. The mathematical morphology dilation and erosion preprocessing algorithm was presented. Then, dilation and erosion algorithm was used again after image edge detection in order to get several candidate areas. At last, the geometrical characteristics of contour were used to judge whether these areas head or not. Experimental results showed that this algorithm was fast and effective, which could meet the real-time needs of intelligent video surveillance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Traffic information forecast algorithm based on the one-dimension cloud model YU Shao-wei,CAO Kai,ZHAO Mo JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1019）      PDF（pc） （270KB）（3488）       Knowledge map    Save The cloud model is a mathematical representation of fuzziness and randomness in linguistic concepts. The qualitative concept is represented by expected value, entropy and hyper entropy in this model.and It can realize the transformation between the qualitative and the quantitative when the fuzziness and randomness of a linguistic concept are integrated together. Therefore, it has stronger robustness to the higher uncertain traffic information. A kind of traffic information forecast mechanism based on cloud model is proposed. This mechanism can overcome the fuzziness and the random in traffic information effectively, and can offer a novel approach for traffic information forecasting. It also shows that the predicted results are basically accord with the real ones. Related Articles | Metrics

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Adaptive spectral clustering algorithm BO De-Yun, ZHANG Dao-Jiang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2009, 39 (5): 22-26.   Abstract （948）      PDF（pc） （1011KB）（3469）       Knowledge map    Save Spectral clustering has been used to identify clusters that are non-linearly separable in input space, and usually outperforms traditional clustering algorithms. However, the performances of spectral clustering are severely dependent on values of the scaling parameter. In this paper, an adaptive spectral clustering (ASC) algorithm was proposed based on traditional spectral clustering, which can choose the scaling parameter automatically by using techniques similar to kernel selection. The new algorithm was compared to existing parameter selection based spectral clustering algorithms on both synthetic and UCI data sets, and the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Related Articles | Metrics

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Web spam detection based on SMOTE and random forests FANG Xiao-nan1,2, ZHANG Hua-xiang1,2*, GAO Shuang1,2 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2013, 43 (1): 22-27.   Abstract （856）      PDF（pc） （1009KB）（3420）       Knowledge map    Save Web spam refers to the actions intended to mislead search engines into ranking some pages higher than they deserved, which could significantly deteriorate the quality of searching results. Considering the serious imbalance of the Web spam dataset, it was proposed to use oversampling method SMOTE to balance the dataset, then to train the classifiers with random forests algorithm. The results showed that the SMOTE+RF method was more prominent by means of experimental comparison with the conventional single classifiers and the ensemble learning classifiers. The important parameters of this method were optimized based on experimental results, and the reasons for the improvement of the AUC value after using SMOTE were also analyzed. Experimental results on WEBSPAM UK2007 dataset showed that this method could markedly improve the performance of the classifiers, of which the AUC value could exceed the best result of Web Spam Challenge 2008. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of biomimetic nanograde hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid ZHANG Ai-juan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （970）      PDF（pc） （875KB）（3344）       Knowledge map    Save Nanograde hydroxyapatite(HAP)powders were synthesized through the reaction between Ca(NO3)2 and Na3PO4 in simulated body fluid(SBF). The mass phase composition, chemical composition, micromorphology and the bioactivity of the obtained HAP were studied by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectrometry. The Ca／P molar ratio of HAP was obtained by a chemical method. The results indicate that the synthesized HAP is a pinlike shape close to natural bone with 60～70?nm length, 10～20nm width, poor crystal structure and contains Na+ and CO2-3. The synthesized HAP powders have a good ability for inducing Ca and P deposition. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of a fuzzy membership function based on interval number YU Shao-wei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (6): 32-35.   Abstract （668）      PDF（pc） （524KB）（3328）       Knowledge map    Save An approach based on interval number for constructing a fuzzy membership function considering some problems existing in statistical methods was proposed.The conception of the youth using interval number was described, the interval number was transformed into a limited boundary fuzzy figure based on the knowledge of interval number and fuzzy number, and then a α-cut set of a normal fuzzy number was obtained by weighted computing  extending it into a fuzzy membership function. Experimental results showed that this approach was simple and accurate with wide applicability and the fuzzy membership function was more continuous, objective and suitable to people's subjective consciousness. Related Articles | Metrics

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A  new algorithm of cold-start in a collaborative filtering system LI Gai1,2,3, LI Lei2,3 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2012, 42 (2): 11-17.   Abstract （881）      PDF（pc） （2031KB）（3228）       Knowledge map    Save  In the collaborative filtering algorithms based on matrix decomposition, the new user and new item cold-start is a difficult problem. The problem of cold-start was solved by using the attribute-to-feature a mapping algorithm based on K-nearest-neighbor(KNN) to get the feature vectors of the new user and new item. The experimental evaluation using a real-world dataset showed the effectiveness of this method.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Pose estimation based on semi-supervised latent Dirichlet allocation WEI Wei, ZHANG Yanning JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (3): 17-22.   Abstract （625）      PDF（pc） （983KB）（3119）       Knowledge map    Save Topics cannot be labeled in the unsupervised topic model, while the labeling work in supervised topic models is tedious and subjective. To solve these problems, a semisupervised topic model was proposed. First, the locationirrelevant local features were detected and described by the scaleinvariant feature transform (SIFT), based on which images were represented by a bag of visual words. Then partial labels were introduced to the topicword level distribution in the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model to guide the classification of the unlabeled data, which resulted in a semisupervised LDA (SSLDA) model. The validation on head pose estimation showed the classification rate of the proposed method was 9.0％～24.7％ higher than that of LDA. And the pose classification rate on partially occluded and misaligned face images was 8.8％ and 21.5％～39.8％ higher than multi-pose PCA method. With a small amount of labeled images, the proposed SSLDA model approaches the fully supervised LDA method. And it is applicable to other image classification problems.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of a new rock similar material ZHANG Ning, LI Shu-Cai, LI Ming-Tian, YANG Lei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2009, 39 (4): 149-154.   Abstract （749）      PDF（pc） （1137KB）（3054）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the introduction of research status of similar materials commonly used in recent decades years at home and abroad, and advantages and shortcomings of these similar materials were analyzed. The physical properties of modified rubber powder cement mortar, including apparent density, uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and splitting tensile strength, were studied. Variation of the physical parameters with replacement rate of rubber powder and water cement ratio was summarized, and a new rock similar material was produced. The results showed that the new rock similar material can well satisfy the requirements of similar material, and it was an ideal rock similar material and worth to be popularized in other model tests. Related Articles | Metrics

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A method of DOA estimation by a special array structure CHEN Lei,WANG Jian-ying,LV Xue,WANG Feng JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1603）      PDF（pc） （253KB）（3044）       Knowledge map    Save A new method of DOA estimation based on a special array geometry arrangement is presented. By adding a sensor at a specific location on uniform linear array, a group of special sensor pairs can be obtained, which can break the ULA steering vector's periodicity. The special array not only overcomes the weakness of the ambiguity of DOA estimation, but also achieves the higher resolution than ULA at the same hardware cost. A matrixblock spatial smoothed algorithm applied to the special array is proposed. The data covariance matrix is divided into some blocks according to its steering vector's periodicity, then the traditional spatial smoothed algorithm is applied to each block. After reorganizing the data covariance matrix is amended, the DOA estimation of coherent source can be achieved. Related Articles | Metrics

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SUN Dianzhu, ZHU Changzhi, LI Yanrui JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2009, 39 (1): 84-86.   Abstract （363）      PDF（pc） （596KB）（3039）       Knowledge map    Save An improved extraction algorithm of boundary characteristic points was proposed, which includes four steps: first, the spacial index structure of the scattered pointcloudwas constructed based on the R*tree; second, the local model reference data was obtained based on the structure and the datum plane was set up; third, the maximum distance between the point of reference data and datum plane was computed, and the distance between the target point and the datum plane was computed; fourth, the data boundary characteristic was identified by comparing the two distances. The accuracy and rapidity extraction of scatter data boundary characteristic was proved by application examples. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of interfacial strength on fracture process and mechanical properties of fiber composites SUN Lili, JIA Yuxi, SUN Sheng, MA Fengde JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （567）      PDF（pc） （393KB）（3014）       Knowledge map    Save The interface is one of the key components of composite materials, which plays an important role in the fracture process and mechanical properties. In the current work, glass fiber surfaces were treated via the selfassembly monolayer method. The fracture process and mechanical properties of composites with different interfacial strength were investigated by a homemade tensile tester with an additional polarizing microscope. The results showed that in the case of a strong interface between the reinforcing fiber and matrix, the composites fracture in brittle mode, whereas in the case of a weak interface, the composites fracture in ductile mode. Furthermore, the reinforcing efficiency of the composite is related to the interfacial strength. Related Articles | Metrics

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An attitude estimation algorithm for human body based on multi-sensor information fusion LI Jing-hui, YANG Li-cai* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2013, 43 (5): 49-54.   Abstract （698）      PDF（pc） （1801KB）（2983）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problems of poor stability and short precision in traditional attitude estimation algorithms, a method based on multi-sensor information fusion was proposed. The quaternion was used to calculate the attitude changes, and deviations between measurements and observations from the Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU) were managed by PI regulator. The complementary filtering was adopted for multi-sensor information fusion, and the realtime attitude was got. Experimental results showed that the algorithm could output the high precision attitude steadily. Related Articles | Metrics

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The structure and performances of the electroless Ni-P alloy coating on aluminum alloy SUN Cong-zheng,GUAN Cong-sheng,QIN Jing-yu,CHENG Chuan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （832）      PDF（pc） （262KB）（2949）       Knowledge map    Save Ni-P electroless coating on aluminum alloy was plated by a double solution system of alkaline and acidic solutions, which was designed for proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) bipolar plates. The content of the nickel and phosphorus in the coating was tested by the electron probe method, the influence of temperature and time of heat treatment on the crystallization structure by the X diffraction method, and corrosion resistance by the volt-ampere curve method. The experimental results show that heat treatment can obviously affect the crystallization structure and the corrosion resistance of the coating. The Ni-P coating with a P content of 12.1 %(wt) does not obviously crystallize after being treated with 200～250℃, while its corrosion resistance apparently improves. It can be used as PEMFCs' bipolar plates. Related Articles | Metrics

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Flame detection based on LBP features with multiscales and SVM YAN Yun-yang1,2, TANG Yan-yan2, LIU Yi-an2, ZHANG Tian-yi3 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2012, 42 (5): 47-52.   Abstract （685）      PDF（pc） （1665KB）（2949）       Knowledge map    Save Fire detection based on videos is an effective method to prevent fire in large spaces. The texture of flame is special. Multiscale texture features were extracted to improve the flame detection performance due to its much more discrimination information. The flame candidates were located by character of flame brightness at first. Then different patterns of LBPfeature with different scales were extracted from these candidate areas. Finally, these features were put into SVM classification to recognize whether it was a flame or not. Experimental results showed that the method had a simple computation and could accurately recognize flame in video sequences and the false positive was low. Related Articles | Metrics

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The design method and application of the non-inductive Chua′s circuit ZHANG Xin-guo1, XU Chong-fang1*, WANG Jin-shuang1, YAN Ji-cong1, HAN Ting-wu1,2 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (6): 134-138.   Abstract （837）      PDF（pc） （1309KB）（2947）       Knowledge map    Save The classical Chua′s circuit design is difficult to accurately improve  because the presence of the inductor can cause  a big error. To solve this problem, a non-inductor chaotic circuit with the same output as the classical Chua′s circuit was presented. The corresponding static circuit structure(limiting-amplitude circuit)was found by deep analysis of the static characteristic curve of Chua’s diode. Combined with CNN technology, Chua′s circuit consisting of  a pure operational amplifier  was designed and two kinds of static nonlinear circuits used in Chua′s circuits were also given. Simulation results and physical experimental results showed that the design fully reaches anticipative objectives. The comparison results showed that  the Chua′s circuit with limiting-amplitude nonlinear circuits was the optimal design. Related Articles | Metrics

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Distributed affinity propagation clustering algorithm based on GraphLab CHEN Wen-qiang1, LIN Chen1,2, CHEN Ke3, CHEN Jin-xiu1, ZOU Quan1,2* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2013, 43 (5): 13-18.   Abstract （762）      PDF（pc） （1394KB）（2927）       Knowledge map    Save A distributed affinity propagation algorithm based on GraphLab was proposed, which was named GStrAP (Graphlab based stream affinity propagation). In GraphLab′s DAG abstraction, the parallel computation was represented as a directed acyclic graph with data flowing along edges between vertices, and the “Gather-Apply-Scatter” paradigm was applied to complete data synchronization and algorithm′s iteration. The experimental results on 3D Clusters, Aggregation, Flame and Pathbased datasets with different scale and the clustering performance were compared with Kmeans, which demonstrated that the proposed GStrAP could achieve high performance on both scalability and accuracy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Semantic similarity computation of Baidu encyclopedia entries based on SimRank YIN Kun, YIN Hongfeng*, YANG Yan, JIA Zhen JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.2.2013.282

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Kinetics of the adsorption of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP onto    modified wheat residue ZHONG Qian-qian, YUE Qin-yan*, LI Qian, LI Ying, XU Xing, GAO Bao-yu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2011, 41 (1): 133-139.   Abstract （691）      PDF（pc） （1625KB）（2898）       Knowledge map    Save For removing the dye from wastewater, the wheat residue was modified into an anion exchanger. The adsorption kinetics of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP (RBR K-2BP) from aqueous solutions onto modified wheat residue(MWR)were  studied in a batch reactor. Adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of pH and adsorbent dosage. In addition, the kinetic data were respectively fitted by pseudo-first-order equation, pseudo-second-order equation, Elovich equation and the intraparticle diffusion model. It was found that the pseudo-second-order equation could  provide  the best correlation to the data. The intra-particle diffusion was the main rate-controlling step for the adsorption of RBR K-2BP onto MWR. The adsorption activation energy of dye was 17.21kJ／mol, which indicated that the adsorption type  whole process was mainly of the physical adsorption.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Method of feature generation and selection for network traffic classification YANG Ai-min1, ZHOU Yong-mei1, DENG He2, ZHOU Jian-feng3 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (5): 1-7.   Abstract （588）      PDF（pc） （1195KB）（2895）       Knowledge map    Save In the System of Network Traffic Classification based on machine learning method, feature generation and feature selection directly affects the speed and accuracy of classification. To solve this problem, in feature generation aspect, we analyze the packet’s attributes (size, count, time, flag) and flow’s attributes (time) from the information of Packet-Level and FlowLevel, and 37 statistical features are generated. In feature selection aspect, we proposes a method of feature selection integrating Filter model and Wrapper model, to decrease the dimension of features. Experiments show the proposed methods improve the accuracy of classification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preprocessing algorithms for Chinese handwriting recognition LI Ying,SONG Gang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1080）      PDF（pc） （265KB）（2894）       Knowledge map    Save A series of complete and systematic algorithms on preprocessing of handwriting image is proposed for freeformat handwritten Chinese characters . The connected character removing is carried out by combining statistical characteristic of characters width with the gauss distribution. According to the location of valley point on projecting images, a threshold value is selected as best division point resulting to the easy realization of size normalizing, character mosaicand line slope correction. The proposed methods make the whole preprocessing subsystem more stable and perfect, which lay a dependable foundation for subsequent handwriting recognition. Related Articles | Metrics

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Heuristic construction method for the initial tour of the Lin-Kernighan algorithm ZENG Hua1, CUI Wen2, FU Lian-ning1, WU Yao-hua1* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2012, 42 (2): 30-35.   Abstract （1214）      PDF（pc） （1793KB）（2891）       Knowledge map    Save  Initialization construction strategy is an important phase of the LinKernighan algorithm, which is known as one of the most efficient heuristic methods to solve the traveling salesman problem. In most past research, only one construction strategy was adopted, but there was little  research on what strategies could be used in the LinKernighan algorithm and how differently  they perform. 8 construction strategies were analyzed, and 4 of them were found applicable  for LinKernighan initialization. Numerical experiments and computational results with 6 TSPLIP instances showed that  the 4 construction strategies proposed were effective and efficient initialization methods. Additionally, it was proved that the Clark Wright algorithm had the best convergence speed, while the nearest insertion algorithm had the best optimization rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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The fuel quantity correction and calibration of the high pressure common-rail diesel engine WANG Hong-rong,ZHANG You-tong,WANG Jun,DING Xiao-liang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （1011）      PDF（pc） （410KB）（2885）       Knowledge map    Save The correction methods and matching strategy of fuel quantity were studied with the high pressure common-rail diesel engine. The influences of processing precision difference of the individual injector,  diversity of the injector driven current and the pressure fluctuation affecting the coherence of the injection quantity were analyzed. The injection fuel quantity was corrected by feed-back control of the driven current and compensation of the energizing pulse. By analyzing the  engine operation point, the matching strategy of fuel quantity on common-rail diesel engine was designed. The fuel quantity MAP was calibrated with an asymmetric step according to the frequency and importance of the engine operation. Finally, experiments were done on a test bench to verify the correction strategies. Experimental results show that the control and compensation strategies could improve the coherence of the injection fuel quantity. Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of bone-like hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid ZHANG Ai-juan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (3): 86-90.   Abstract （597）      PDF（pc） （973KB）（2875）       Knowledge map    Save Bone-like nanograde hydroxyapatite(HAP)spicula were synthesized in simulated body fluid(SBF)by increasing the concentration of Ca and  P in the  SBF by a biomimetic method. The mass phase composition, chemical composition, micromorphology, thermal stability,  bioactivity and  high temperature  during stability at different sintering temperature 500～1300℃ of the obtained HAP were studied by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, differential thermal analysis and  atomic absorption spectrometry. The results indicated that the synthesized HAP had a  pin-like shape close to natural bone with a 70～80nm length and 10～20nm width. Though the degree of crystallization of HAP is better and better with  temperature increasing, the HAP could be decomposed when the sintering temperature is above 1000℃.The synthesized HAP powders have  good ability for inducing the deposition of Ca and P. Related Articles | Metrics

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An  improved  2-D ESPRIT  algorithm DIAO Ming, WEI Ting JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (2): 149-152.   Abstract （831）      PDF（pc） （361KB）（2848）       Knowledge map    Save When  the 2-D ESPRIT algorithm is used to treat two-dimensional signals, there is a great deal of redundancy in the arrays.   A new 2-D improved ESPRIT algorithm was proposed. This algorithm used the geometries characteristic of a  double linear array to construct a mixed matix, and then  the signal subspace was obtained via the singular value decomposition of the matix in the 2D-ESPRIT method. This method could  estimate the signal with  less work, and get good estimation results. It could  estimate both coherent signals and non-coherent signals by the spatial smoothing method. Related Articles | Metrics

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A new feature selection method for text categorization WANG Fa-bo, XU Xin-shun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2010, 40 (4): 8-11.   Abstract （543）      PDF（pc） （342KB）（2838）       Knowledge map    Save How to reduce feature dimension while maintaining categorization accuracy is a key issue of text categorization.  A new method based on information theory was proposed to solve this problem. This approach aims to eliminate sparsely distributed features and find features  useful for categorization. Working with these feature reduction methods, it could  further reduce the feature dimension. The performance of  this  proposed method was tested on benchmark text classification problems. The results showed that it could not only reduce the feature dimension to hundreds but also improve the performance. Related Articles | Metrics