Table of Content

  

20 December 2016
Volume 46 Issue 6

Research on relative “balance sheet” of water resource

CAO Shengle, YU Cuisong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  1-7.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.360

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In order to reflect the ‘quantity’ ‘quality’ and ‘efficiency’ of the development and utilization of regional water resource comprehensively, relative ‘balance sheet’ of water resources was put forward, and the evaluation index system of water resources balance sheet considering various influencing factors was established and analysised by comparative advantage theory of water resource. In addition, 17 cities of Shandong Province were taken as examples, the relative ‘asset’, ‘debt’ and ‘net asset’of water resource and the corresponding order were given. This research had pioneering meaning on compiling relative “balance sheet” of water resource, and had an important guiding role on water resources sustainable utilization and management in Shandong Province.

Bayesian combination of SVR on regularization path based on KNN of input

WANG Mei, ZENG Zhaohu, SUN Yingqi, YANG Erlong, SONG Kaoping

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  8-14.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.1.2016.294

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A model combination method of ε-insensitive support vector regression(ε-SVR)based on regularization path with K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)of input was proposed. The model set was constructed with ε-SVR regularization path, which was trained by using the same original training set. The initial model set was obtained according to the piecewise linearity of SVR regularization path. The average of Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC)was applied to exclude models with poor performance and prune the initial model set. In the testing or predicting phase, the combination model set was determined with the KNN method, and Bayesian combination was performed. The pruning policy improves not only the computational efficiency of model combination but also the generalization performance. The L_ε-risk consistency for model combination of ε-SVR was defined and proved, which gave the mathematical foundation of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of the Bayesian combination of ε-SVR on regularization path.

Neighborhood related multiple-instance classifiers based on integrated Hausdorff distance

CHEN Zehua, SHANG Xiaohui, CHAI Jing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  15-22.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.1.2016.019

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Based on the analysis of minimal Hausdorff(minH)and maximal Hausdorff(maxH)distances, integrated Hausdorff(intH)distance was proposed to combine minH and maxH, and used to design neighborhood related multiple-instance classifiers. The Neighborhood Component Analysis(NCA)model was used to learn the weighting coefficients in intH automatically and obtain the optimal intH according to the neighborhood related classification criterion. The experimental results showed that in most cases, compared with minH and maxH, intH could improve the classification accuracies of neighborhood related multiple-instance classifiers.

Distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on mapreduce

FAN Debin, DENG Changshou, YUAN Sihao, TAN Xujie, DONG Xiaogang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  23-30.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.1.2016.161

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A distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on MapReduce was proposed through the analysis of the traditional single population particle swarm optimization algorithm, which was used to solve the algorithm problems of decreased efficiency and accuracy in large scale optimization. In the evolutionary process of particle swarm algorithm, the particles velocity and position was updated by using the method of inertia weight, its value was decreased linearly, the accuracy of convergence was improved by adopting the strategies of multi population evolution. The process of the algorithm was parallel through the MapReduce model, which could improve the efficiency of the algorithm effectively. Several popular algorithms were selected and tested on 13 benchmark functions of 500 dimensions and 1 000 dimensions. The results showed that the algorithm has good optimization performance.

A vector data matching algorithm based on slope difference and azimuth

LU Yuefeng, ZHANG Kui, LIU Shuo, WU Yue, ZHAO Shuo, LI Qiang, FENG Chen

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  31-39.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2015.430

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Vector spatial data with the correspondence feature point searching and the correspondence feature point matching is the key technology for multi-temporal and multi-scale geographic entity element to detect change. The research proposed a correspondence geographic entity element feature point searching and matching algorithm based on the coordinate characteristic and azimuth of vector spatial data. Firstly, the algorithm adopted the idea of taking point step by step: extracted extreme point from the X, Y direction of curve as initial feature points respectively; used the absolute value of the slope difference of each extreme point as constraint condition to remove the redundant extreme point; in the above extraction result, there might be a large deformation between the two adjacent feature points. Secondly, utilized coordinate azimuth and distance of the feature point synthetically to match the similarity of the correspondence feature point. Finally, the experimental verification was carried out by using the line entity and the surface entity. The result showed that the algorithm could be applied to the extraction and matching of the feature point of the line entity and the surface entity, and it had good accuracy and feasibility.

The time series prediction model based on integrated deep learning

HE Zhengyi, ZENG Xianhua, QU Shengwei, WU Zhilong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  40-47.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.1.2016.213

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The conditional restricted Boltzmann machine time series model based on the Gaussian process(GCRBM)could efficiently predict single type of time series data, but the model could not make accurate predictions for multi-category data and real high-dimensional data. To solve the problem above, the time series prediction model based on integrated deep learning was proposed. Multiple deep belief networks(DBN)corresponding to the multi-category timing data was trained to study low dimensional feature. The low dimensional feature of multi-category data was used to train multiple GCRBM models. When the time series was predicted, the dimensionality of the model was reduced and categories of target data were identified by DBN model's reconstruction error, and the sequence of target data was predicted by the GCRBM model. The experimental results based on CASIA-A gait data set showed that the method could accurately recognize the categories of gait sequences and the predicting result could simulate the true gait sequences, which demonstrated the validity of the model.

A novel 3D model retrieval method fusing global and local information

MOU Chunqian, TANG Yan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  48-53.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.127

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3D model retrieval methods based on feature fusion could improve the retrieval efficiency. A novel retrieval method fusing global and local information was proposed. Edge feature for global information and word frequency vector feature for local information were extracted through Canny algorithm and bag-of-feature based on scale-invariant feature transform(SIFT)features respectively, then they were fused into a new feature of a 3D model. The experimental results showed that our method improves the retrieval accuracy well.

Collaborative recommendation for scenic spots based on multi-aspect ratings

WANG Zhiqiang, WEN Yimin, LI Fang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  54-61.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.311

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The simplex overall ratings are used to compute the similarities between users and items in the model of traditional collaborative filtering recommendation, but it can't correctly depict the users' true preferences. In order to solve this problem, a collaborative scenic spots recommendation algorithm based on multi-aspect ratings was proposed, which integrated the ratings of the scenery, interesting and cost performance of spots to compute the similarities to predict the overall ratings of an active user for a target spot. Experimental results showed that, after introducing the information of multi-aspect ratings, the proposed method improved the accuracy of prediction score, coverage and F-measure and reduced the predicting error of root-mean-square and mean-absolute.

Distributed state estimation algorithm for large-scale dynamic systems

SUN Yibing, FU Minyue, WANG Bingchang, ZHANG Huanshui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  62-68.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.095

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The problem of distributed state estimation over discrete-time large-scale dynamic systems was studied. The system was divided into some subsystem, and based on the local measurement and the information received from its neighbors, each subsystem utilized the proposed algorithm to estimate its local state, which reduced the dimension of the state vector, and enjoyed low computational complexity and communication load. This algorithm was run independently and in parallel to effectively reduce the overall execution time. By weakening the constraint condition, the mathematical induction was used to prove that the state estimation and prediction error covariance matrices obtained from this algorithm were positive definite. The rank criterion of system observability together with the inequality technique were utilized to prove that error covariance matrices had upper bounds and the upper bounds were also existence and bounded, which supported the feasibility of this algorithm in applications. At last, simulations of an example were provided to demonstrate the main results.

Buffering strategy for articulated legged robot based on virtual model control and acceleration planning

LIU Bin, SONG Rui, CHAI Hui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  69-75.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.369

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Based on virtual model control and acceleration planning, a buffering strategy was proposed to protect the articulated legged robot for landing. Through virtually modeling the robotic leg, the torso acceleration during landing was specified so as to reduce the impact force acting on the torso. According to this buffering strategy, the whole landing process could be divided into three phases, the falling, buffering and recovering phases. In the falling phase, the robotic foot was correctly positioned by a virtual “spring-damping” system to achieve the appropriate position according to the actual position. In the buffering and recovering phases, the acceleration of center of mass of the robotic torso was planned so that the impact acting on the torso was reduced. Adjusting stiffness and damping parameters were avoided at the moment of foot-to-ground contact in this buffering strategy, rending a simple but accurate landing control. The simulation based on Webots protocol revealed that this buffering strategy was effective in protecting the robot against damage during landing.

Design and performance of oblique and vertical compact micro fluidized beds

LI Xiaofei, WANG Lei, JIA Lei, CAI Wenjian

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  76-82.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.016

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In order to reduce pressure drop and improve adsorbent utilization in the CO₂ capture system using solid adsorbents, a novel oblique and vertical compact micro fluidized beds(OCMFB and CMFB)reactors were proposed. The performance of the OCMFB and CMFB reactors for CO₂ capture when the volume fraction of CO₂ is 0.5% using solid adsorbents were experimentally studied and compared to that of the radial flow fixed bed(RFFB)reactor. The results showed that the pressure drop in the OCMFB reactor was 82% of that in the CMFB reactor, reduced by 14%~323% compared to the RFFB reactor; the breakthrough time for CO₂ adsorption in the CMFB reactor was 109% of that in the OCMFB reactor, increased by 44% compared to the RFFB reactor due to the fluidization of the adsorbents in the OCMFB and CMFB reactors other than the statics in the RFFB reactor. The attrition of the adsorbents in both OCMFB and CMFB reactors were equal to that in the RFFB reactor, but the adsorption capacity for CO₂ in both OCMFB and CMFB reactors were more stable than that in the RFFB reactor after 10 cycles of CO₂ capture.

Sharing application mechanism of large-scale instrument and equipment in scientific research and teaching

FU Xiaoling, ZHANG Qi, ZHANG Chenghui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  83-88.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.434

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Taking the electric vehicle integrated test platform for example, the application mechanism of large instruments in scientific research and teaching was studied. The design idea, the advanced technology, the function and the basic structure of the EV integrated test platform were introduced, and its application in research and teaching was analyzed by combining the undergraduate teaching targets and research requirements. The sharing application mechanism of large equipment in university was studied, and a concrete and feasible methods and measures were proposed to provide a new way to realize the maximum potential and efficiency in use of large equipment in university, which would have a guiding role in reform and innovation of experimental teaching methods.

Mechanical characteristics effect of waste rubber powder on combined aggregate concrete

WANG Hailong, WANG Pei, WANG Lei, ZHANG Ke

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  89-96.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.091

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To expand the application of waste tire, recycled aggregate and natural pumice, this research studied the scrapped rubber powder that was mixed with different grain diameters(20, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mesh)and different mixing amounts(3%, 6%, and 9%)into 1∶1(the volume ratio of recycled aggregate and natural pumice was 1∶1)combined aggregate, and analyzed the early mechanical properties and microstructure of combined aggregate concrete. The experiment results showed that under the condition of the same grain diameter, the decreasing rate of combined aggregate concretes compressive strength because of scrapped rubber powder increased; under the condition of the same mixing amount, the descent rate of the compressive strength of 80 mesh was at the maximum; it could be obtained from environment scanning electron microscope that rubber powder, recycled aggregate, pumice and concrete interface were weak areas, and they were major reasons that led to the strength decrease of combined aggregate concrete.

SHPB experimental study of mortar simulating fractured rock under static and dynamic load combination

ZHANG Wei, LI Haitao, WANG Jian, WANG Li

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  97-104.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2015.206

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In order to study the dynamic response of fractured rock under the conditions of different cracks and confining pressures, precast fractured mortar specimens were employed to simulate the actual fractured rock. In the mold precast plastic sheet were installed to simulate the actual rock fissure angle and the penetration rate, and the confining pressure was simplified to normal metal ring fixture. Based on the orthogonal experiments, the dynamic response on mortar specimens under different confining pressures in different angle of tilt(0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°)and different penetration rates(100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0%)was studied by SHPB test device. The results showed that when the angle was less than 45°, the specimen stability increased with reduced angle of fracture, when the angle exceeded 45°, the stability increased with increased angle of fracture, 45° angle of tilt was the critical point of the stability; stability had non-linear relationship with the inclination; the increasing of the penetration rate significantly reduced dynamics strength of specimens; confining pressure made mortar specimens produce a pseudo-plastic deformation, which could effectively improve the dynamic stability especially for high penetration rate of the specimen. The results provided a reference for the analysis of the underground engineering of fractured rock mass.

Integrated acquisition method of adverse geology and rock properties ahead of tunnel face in TBM construction tunnel

LIU Bin, LI Shucai, LI Jianbin, WANG Yujie, ZHANG Jianqing, NIE Lichao, WANG Xueliang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  105-112.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.478

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TBM construction tunnel was easily hampered by hazard and accidents like water inrush, collapse and TBM jam, in the occurrence of faults, fractured zone and karstic area, which could cause the losing of TBM excavation efficiency and delay the tunnel construction. It was because of the complex environment in TBM construction tunnel that the adverse geology and rock properties was hard to be acquired. To solve the problem, a solving methodology was put forth based on geological prospecting and rock property estimation. The methodology was consisted of ahead geological prospecting by using geophysical methods and rock properties estimation based on the relationship between the rock properties 山 东 大 学 学 报 (工 学 版)第46卷 - 第6期刘斌,等:TBM掘进前方不良地质与岩体参数的综合获取方法 \=-and TBM machine data. In this methodology, the 3D seismic prospecting method was used to identify and locate the faults, fractured zone or karst cave ahead of the tunnel face. The 3D IP method was used to prospect the water bearing geological structure ahead of tunnel face. In addition, the rock properties were estimated by means of machine learning. The uniaxial compression strength of the surrounding rocks was estimated using data mining. Based on three methods mentioned above, an integrated acquisition method and its procedure of adverse geology and rock properties were proposed. With the test and verification in the field case of a project, the proposed methodology was proved to be feasible and could provide reasonable reference for TBM excavation.

Model test of the Beipan River's new open-web continuous rigid frame bridge corner node

PENG Yuancheng, DONG Xu, LIANG Na, DENG Zhenquan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  113-119.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.137

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In order to investigate mechanical performances of open-web continuous rigid frame bridge corner node, 1∶5 scaled model test girder was designed. Through the static load test, the static data acquisition instrument and deflection measurement sensors were used to measure the strain and deflection of model test girders under cantilever state. The finite element analysis(FEA)numerical model of test girder had been conducted, and numerical results were compared with test results. The results showed that, the corner nodes of open-web continuous rigid frame bridge had mechanical properties that were different from those of conventional slant-legged rigid frame bridge. The longitudinal top plates of model girder were subjected to pressure stress. Corner node region was under so high local stress that must be strengthened during design process. Shear lag effect also existed in the corner node model. Numerical simulation results were basically in accord with test data. This research revealed the mechanical performances of open-web continuous rigid frame bridge corner node, and verified the feasibility of numerical simulation, and provided a theoretical guild for same 山 东 大 学 学 报 (工 学 版)第46卷 - 第6期彭元诚,等:北盘江新型空腹式连续刚构桥角隅节点模型试验研究 \=-type bridge corner node design.

Mechanical properties of tower and beam synchronous construction of cable-stayed bridge

ZHANG Wanzhi, LIU Hua, ZHANG Feng, GAO Lei, YAO Chen, LIU Guanzhi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  120-126.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.117

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To investigate the change of mechanical properties of the beam, tower and cables during the tower and beam synchronous construction of the bridge together with segmental removing the full scaffold, the calculation model of the construction process of cable-stayed bridge was established by multitier distributed applications services/Civil(Midas/Civil)finite element software. Against the context of the maximum swivel weight of cable-stayed bridge in Asia—Zoucheng cable-stayed bridge(the main span is 220 m, single tower、 double column、 double span and double cable plane prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge), the structure stress and the deformation of the cable-stayed bridge were analyzed. Full scaffolds were simulated by elastic connection elements and beam and tower by spatial beam elements. The results of numerical calculation and field test data were compared and analyzed, which showed that, before and after the demolition of full scaffold, the maximum added value of the support force was 382 kN, the calculated maximum value and the measured maximum value for the changes of the cable force were respectively 0.96% and 1.67%, and the linear maximum variation was -7 mm. The premise of the application of the construction method(tower and beam 山 东 大 学 学 报 (工 学 版)第46卷 - 第6期张万志,等:斜拉桥塔梁同步施工过程的力学特性 \=-synch ronous construction of cable-stayed bridge together with segmental removing the full scaffold)is that the cable force of the corresponding segment of the beam should have been applied.

Prediction of flow rate during tunnel excavation based on discrete fracture network models

BAO Jianye, WANG Jing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2016, 46(6):  127-134.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.144

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96 complex fracture networks was modelled that had different water depths, tunnel diameters, and excavation distances, a multi-variable regression was proposed function to predict the flow rate at tunnel face by calculating flow rate of each case. The results showed that the main flow paths were formed by connected fractures between the inlet and outlet boundaries. The fractures which formed fracture network had the maximum flow rate, and the flow rate was smaller for fractures far from the flow paths. With the increment of excavation distance, the flow rate at tunnel face increased following power law functions when water depth was small and linear functions when water depth was large. Tunnel diameter was the most sensitive parameter to influence the flow rate at tunnel face, followed by water depth and excavation distance. The predicted and calculated results were tallied well, which indicated that the proposed multi-variable regression function was suitable for predicting flow rate at tunnel face. The obtained conclusions are helpful for the engineers to predict the flow rate at tunnel face during construction.