Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 114-119.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.529

• Chemistry and Environment • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Life cycle assessment-based water footprint analysis of paper making wastewater

Donglu YANG(),Xiaotian MA,Jinglan HONG*()   

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
  • Received:2018-12-07 Online:2019-06-20 Published:2019-06-27
  • Contact: Jinglan HONG E-mail:ydl1224480287@outlook.com;hongjing@sdu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    国家重点研发计划(2017YFF0206702);山东大学基础研究基金(2015JC016)

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Abstract:

The paper industry suffered serious environmental impacts and high resource consumption, and lacked an effective method to quantify the potential environmental impacts. The water footprint method was applied to different scenarios of wastewater treatment to conduct analyses at the inventory level and the environmental impact level. Results showed that wastewater without disposal scenario had the highest water footprint value, which was 36.4 m3. After the improvement of wastewater treatment, the impact of water footprint decreased significantly. The water footprint of the wastewater disposal via oxidation ditch technology was 4.82 m3, which reduced to 1.52 m3 after the technical updating. Among these scenarios, the updated wastewater treatment combined sludge pyrolysis gasification had the lowest water footprint value (0.87 m3). For the wastewater treatment updated scenarios, direct water footprint was the dominant contributor to aquatic eutrophication and water scarcity. Sewage sludge treatment was the key process to carcinogens, non-carcinogens, and freshwater ecotoxicity. Meanwhile, the consumption of chemicals, electricity, and hydrochloric acid contributed partly to the overall potential impact. It was useful to save water resource and reduce water footprint by optimizing the use of freshwater and improving the efficiency of chemicals consumption.

Key words: water footprint, life cycle assessment, paper making wastewater disposal, sewage sludge, thermal pyrolysis

CLC Number: 

  • X384

Fig.1

System boundary"

Fig.2

Water footprint analysis result"

Fig.3

Normalized analysis at the mid-point level"

Fig.4

Key processes contribution of updated wastewater treatment technology"

Fig.5

Key substances of grey water footprint"

Table 1

Sensitivity analysis"

分类 单位 直接水足迹 化学药品 下水污泥处置
变动范围 5% 5% 5% 5%
水体富营养化 kg PO4-eq 1.24×10-5 5.27×10-7 3.01×10-7
水稀缺 m3 0.007 1.16×10-4 1.19×10-5
非致癌性影响 CTUh 0 1.80×10-10 1.18×10-7
淡水生态毒性 CTUe 0 0.20 0.34
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