Table of Content

  

16 April 2010
Volume 40 Issue 2

Articles


Articles

Knowledge preserving embedding

ZHANG Dao-qiang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  1-10. 

Abstract ( 625 )   PDF (2307KB) ( 970 )   Save

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The problem of dimensionality reduction given some domain knowledge on the data is considered. Here the domain knowledge denotes additional supervision information other than the data, e.g. the class labels of data or more weakly, the pairwise similarity or dissimilarity constraints. The focus is on the latter because it is more general than the former. Given class labels of data, corresponding pairwise similarity or dissimilarity constraints can be generated, but not vice versa. Also in real world application such as image retrieval, obtaining pairwise constraints is much easier than obtaining labels.A simple algorithm called constraint preserving embedding (COPE) was presented, which can effectively use the pairwise constraints for better embedding. The algorithm is formulated under a unified spectral graph embedding framework and  the relationship between it and existing related methods is indicated. Moreover,  COPE  is extended to semisupervised and kernel cases, in order to include unlabeled data and capture the nonlinear relationships between data. The performance of the  proposed algorithms is evaluated through a series of experiments including face image recognition and retrieval and semisupervised clustering. Experimental results show that the algorithms are effective and promising in learning from pairwise constraints.

Fast fingerprint matching based on multi-structure similarity

YANG Dong, YANG Gong-ping, YIN Yi-long*, ZHANG Li-ming

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  11-18. 

Abstract ( 700 )   PDF (1621KB) ( 1594 )   Save

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First, a discriminative sub-structure was defined for each minutia, based on which of their similarities could be calculated and some potential reference pairs were obtained. Then a similarity scoring system was employed to give awards or penalties to such candidates according to their similarities of structural relationship concerning edges and angles. Based on a predefined threshold, those candidate reference pairs with higher scores were kept as the final reliable ones and applied in a global matching. The maximal matching score was then chosen as the final matching score of two fingerprints. The experimental results showed  that this matching algorithm could greatly reduce the time consumption with ignorable performance degeneration.
 

Crowd object detection and classification based on a chaotic dynamic model

QIAO Wei1, WANG Hui-yuan1,2, WU Xiao-juan1, LIU Peng-wei1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  19-23. 

Abstract ( 747 )   PDF (1000KB) ( 1277 )   Save

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Multi-object detection and tracking is an arduous task for traditional methods, and  objects in crowds are more difficult to deal with. In this paper,segmentation and detection to video crowd flow was realized by a chaotic dynamics based method. The crowd moving system was treated as a chaotic dynamic system, and object in  crowds were treated as particles, whose flow is tracked by flow map. As a result, the finite time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) field was obtained. After morphological processing, region extraction and classification can be achieved. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Dunhuang murals  in-painting  based on image  decomposition

HUANG Wei1， WANG Shu-wen2*， YANG Xiao-ping3, JIA Jian-fang3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  24-27. 

Abstract ( 819 )   PDF (1227KB) ( 1492 )   Save

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An algorithm for image in-painting based on decomposition was proposed to in-paint the digital images of Dunhuang murals. The  color image in-painting was achieved by using  the Lαβ color space for the  access decomposition and by using the total variation(TV) noise model for image decomposition. The  decomposition algorithm did not require the calculation of Banach space norm. This method could not only reduce the complexity of the numerical calculation of the model, but also  reduce the affection that noise made on the results of repair in Dunhuang murals. The experiments showed that this algorithm could well in-paint the shedding and scratch of the damaged Dunhuang murals.

Adaptive behavior design based on FNN for the mobile robot

LI Yi-bin1, LI Cai-hong1,2, SONG Yong1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  28-33. 

Abstract ( 784 )   PDF (838KB) ( 1526 )   Save

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The fuzzy neural network (FNN) controller was formed by combining the fuzzy control and the neural networks. The fuzzy rules were collected automatically by reinforcement Q-Learning (QL) on-line beforehand. The rules were  implicitly stored in the FNN after the off-line training. In control applications, the complex search and inference of the rules were unnecessary, and the best adaptive behavior could be produced in the output without looking up the table. The simulation results show that because all training samples are from the trained fuzzy rules, the output is almost the same as the result of the training rules.
 

An  adaptive mobile robot  tethering  algorithm  in  constrained  environments

TAN Jin-dong, CHEN Xi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  34-42. 

Abstract ( 690 )   PDF (1421KB) ( 782 )   Save

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This paper presents an adaptive and decentralized robotic cooperation algorithm for controlling  mobile sensors to form a chained network and maintaining  communication links.  Single-layer and double-layer chain tethering algorithms are developed for exploring  open and constrained environments by mobile robots. A comprehensive metric for finding the optimal communication range is introduced. With the measurements, mobile robots could be organized into an optimal chained form for tethering. The tethering algorithm could detect the failed nodes and reconfigure the system. It offers an adaptive solution to broken communication links.
 

Research on  picking  order  batching  policy  of  a  distribution  center

WANG Yan-yan, WU Yao-hua, SUN Guo-hua, YU Hong-peng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  43-46. 

Abstract ( 789 )   PDF (345KB) ( 1547 )   Save

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This is an effective way to reduce the picking cost in a laborintensive distribution center by optimizing the picking route and order batching. By analyzing the characteristics of manual-picking-working and order batching, a new mathematical  model was constructed, taking into consideration of the picking route, picking number and the lead time of the order. Furthermore, the model was solved based on different algorithms including firstcomefirstserve, genetic algorithm, and  improved niche genetic algorithm, and thus to decide the best algorithm with best operation time and optimized effect depending on different order data.

Double-polarization scattering  centers extraction  based on  quaternion  MUSIC

CAI Qian1, WANG Fei2, ZHANG Huan-chun1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  47-51. 

Abstract ( 614 )   PDF (1322KB) ( 1256 )   Save

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For double-polarization scattering centers extraction with  horizontal irradiating and horizontal receiving  and the vertical irradiating and vertical receiving, the  scattering centers’ parameters were proposed with the  quaternion MUSIC algorithm. This method connects the hh data  with  vv data first  using quaternion, and then constructs the  quaternion signal subspace and noise subspace  thought of MUSIC. Finally, the  peak searching method was used to estimate  the double-polarization scattering centers’ parameters by taking advantage of the orthogonal property of quaternion signal subspace and noise subspace. Compared with the MUSIC algorithm in a complex domain, the quaternion MUSIC was still effective in the estimate of scattering center parameters with a low  signal noise ratio. The effectiveness of this algorithm was illustrated by a simulation experiment. 

DEM simulation of the shear band of sands in biaxial tests

JIANG Ming-jing1,2, LI Xiu-mei1,2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  52-58. 

Abstract ( 968 )   PDF (2963KB) ( 1979 )   Save

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Many biaxial tests of sands are simulated using PFC2D to study the formation and the development of the shear band. The relationship of stress and strain inside or outside the shear band is studied. Focus is extended to some variables such as the void ratio, the average coordination number and the pure rotation ratio inside and outside the shear band. The results show that the formation of the shear band is characterized with both strain localization and the localization of the averaged pure rotation ratio (APR). The shear band starts right at the point where the volume strain changes from shrinkage to expansion. The development of these variables are significantly different within or outside of the shear band. Particularly, the stress-strain softening relationship was observed near or within the shear band, while the hysteretic phenomenon takes place outside the shear band. In addition,  both the volumetric and deviatoric strains are larger inside than outside the shear band, with the soil being looser in the shear band.

Constitutive  model  of  silty  sands  for  cumulative  deformation  under  long-term  traffic  loading  and  numerical  integration

ZHANG Hong-bo, MIAO Hai-tao, SONG Xiu-guang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  59-65. 

Abstract ( 686 )   PDF (1283KB) ( 1532 )   Save

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According to a lot of results based on the static and cyclic triaxial test, an equivalent visco-plastic model basing on shakedown theory was proposed to precisely and efficiently model the cumulative deformation of silty sands. The twosurface plastic model can reflect complex deformation features with strain hardening and shear dilatancy. In order to improve the efficiency of the integral step, a fully implicit Euler backward algorithm can be adopted to update non-linear equations. By modeling cyclic test results, the proposed model was verified to be good with better predictions and efficiency. And the integral step could be  freely selected  to obtain high computation efficiency. Finally, the model was embedded in the code of  finite element(FEM) to simulate the uneven deformation of the practical boundary problem under long term traffic loading.

Inversion  of  an  initial  geostress  field  by  the  method  of  multivariate   analysis  and  the  research  of  engineering  application

YUE Xiao-lei1, LI Shu-cai2, CHEN Qi-hui1, GE Yan-ping1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  66-70. 

Abstract ( 617 )   PDF (1394KB) ( 1392 )   Save

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Based on engineering geological conditions and measured data of the geostress at a hydropower station, 3D geological models under each affecting factor were calculated by means of finite element computing tools and MATLAB. A multivariate regression model was created between the measured and calculated value of geostress at measurement points, and the optimal regression coefficient of the model was found. Consequently, the distributions of initial geostress of this area were obtained. This was the first attempt to take into account the independence and internal relations among each stress component. Thus,  more reasonable distributions of initial geostress of this area were obtained. The result indicated that the 3D calculating geostress field was reasonable.

Experimental study on the capacity of autoclaved fly ash perforated brick masonry subjected to eccentric load

XU Chun-yi1,2, LIU Ming2*, WANG Guang-lin2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  71-77. 

Abstract ( 629 )   PDF (1083KB) ( 1593 )   Save

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The influence of the eccentricity on the capacity of autoclaved fly ash perforated brick masonry was studied. The eccentric compression tests were done on 24 autoclaved fly ash perforated brick masonry samples and 4 fired common clay brick masonry samples, of which the  damage pattern was analyzed. The results indicated that the eccentric compression capacity accorded to a certain proportional  decrease as the e／y increased, and the eccentric effect factor was slightly lower than Chinese code values. In conclusion, the adjust formula of eccentric effect factor in code. The proposed formula of the eccentric compression bearing the capacity of autoclaved fly ash perforated brick masonry was given, which suggested that the limit value of eccentricity of autoclaved fly ash perforated brick unidirectional eccentric compression members take e=0.6y.

The  test  study on  the  out  of  plane performance  of  two-story  infill  walls

CHENG Yun1,2, LIU Ming1,2*, LIU Xiao-wei2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  78-81. 

Abstract ( 749 )   PDF (1209KB) ( 1392 )   Save

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Four groups of shaking table tests were done to research the out of plane performance of  two-story infill walls,  with different connections between the beams and the walls. It included rigid connection, flexible connection, flexible connection filled with mortar and absolutely disjointed four ways. The results showed  that the walls with flexible connection and flexible connection filled with mortar behave much better than the walls with rigid connection, while the sesimic performance of the walls with rigid connection are worse than the others.
 

Experimental study on RC beams strengthened in shear  with  hybrid bonding of FRP

GUAN Yan-hua1,2, JIANG Bin-song1, SONG Xiu-guang2, YANG Yong3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  82-87. 

Abstract ( 799 )   PDF (761KB) ( 1552 )   Save

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To definitude the effect of FRP-bolt strengthening technology, and also on the basis of the destructive characteristics of aging RC beam bridges, interior contrast tests of FRP surface adhesion and FRP-bolt hybrid boding were conducted to examine the strengthening effect on RC beams in shear. The results of the EB-FRP and HB-FRP were compared. In particular, the influence of pre-cracking level and FRP strip spacing on RC beams strengthened in shear with the hybrid bonding of FRP were assessed. The experimental results show that the hybrid bonding of FRP is a more reliable strengthening technique and which can improve the shear capacity of beams. The new mechanical fastening technique does not rely on bearings to transmit the interfacial shear, but instead increases the interfacial bond by resisting the separation of the FRP laminate from the concrete substrate by the bolt pretension. This study helps to direct the design and the construction of the HB-FRP.

Manganese  dioxide  catalytic  oxidation with  chlorine  dioxide  as  an  oxidant  of  simulated  wastewater  containing  acid chrome blue K

YU Feng-jun, SHI Lai-shun*

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  88-94. 

Abstract ( 796 )   PDF (1046KB) ( 1380 )   Save

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 The activated carbon-MnO2 catalyst was prepared by the dipping method with activated carbon as the carrier. The catalyst was used for catalyzing／degrading simulated acid chrome blue K wastewater with chlorine dioxide as the  oxidant. The COD removal efficiency and decolor efficiency by catalytic oxidation were 72.0％ and 87.8％, respectively, when the condition of wastewater’s COD was 2418mg／L, the optimum pH value was 1.2, and the dosage of chlorine dioxide was 1200mg／L,  and the dosage of activated carbon-MnO2 catalyst was 4g after  reacting 50min. The COD removal efficiency by catalytic oxidation was increased by 42.6％ compared with that of the chemical oxidation. The COD removal efficiency decreased only 10.5％ after the catalyst was used  8 times. The IR spectra indicated that the active ingredient of manganese dioxide was linked with activated carbon by a chemical bond, not merely by mechanical blending. The benzene ring and naphthalin ring in the acid chrome blue K were degraded into quinone and carboxylic acid, and finally changed into carbon dioxide and water during  chemical oxidation or catalytic oxidation as shown by on-line infrared spectrum mechanism analysis.
 

Study on the leaching of copper by the NH₃-(NH₄)₂SO₄system from sludge produced in PCB industry

YAO Ya-wei, CUI Zhao-jie*, WANG Hong-yan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  95-98. 

Abstract ( 843 )   PDF (483KB) ( 1565 )   Save

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Copper sludge is produced during the production of printed circuit boards. The leaching of copper from the sludge by the NH₃-(NH₄)₂SO₄ system was studied. First, the mass contents of heavy metals in the sludge were determined. With few contents of other metals, the content of copper was 33.500％. The effect of concentrations of NH₃-(NH₄)₂SO₄,  pH, leaching time, liquid／solid ratio and temperature were investigated. The optimum leaching conditions were found when the  ammonia／ammonium sulfate concentrations were 3.0mol／L and 1.5mol／L, the  leaching time was 180min, the liquid／solid ratio was 20mL／g, and the  temperature  was 25℃. Under these conditions, about 97.5％ of the copper was effectively leached, and the relative standard deviation(RSD) was 0.63％.

Treatment  of  anionic  dyes  wastewater  by  a  leaching  solution  of  white  mud

LI Xia1, LI Yu-jiang1*, WU Tao2, SUN De-jun2, WANG Biao1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  99-104. 

Abstract ( 706 )   PDF (456KB) ( 1373 )   Save

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The alkaline white mud was dipped in dilute hydrochloric acid, and filtered to prepare the leaching solution. The removal effects of activated light yellow K-6G, acid orange Ⅱ and direct yellow R from an aqueous solution using the leaching solution of white mud were studied. The results showed that the leaching solution of white mud was particularly effective in  removing   activated light yellow K-6G,  acid orange Ⅱ and  direct yellow R. Particularly when the dosage was 2g／L, the  pH respectively was 12.5, 12.0 and 12.0, the maximum removal efficiencies  reached up to 93.5％, 97.5％ and 99.8％ respectively. The appropriate reaction time was 90 s. It also indicated that the adsorption behavior of the anionic dyes on the hydroxide precipitates formed in alkaline solution by leaching solution in alkaline solution  fitted well with the Freundlich isotherms. The adsorption process was exothermic in nature.

Study on dynamic adsorption and desorption of phosphate by the modified giant reed

WANG Wen-yi, YUE Qin-yan*, LI Qian, XU Xing, GAO Bao-yu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  105-109. 

Abstract ( 777 )   PDF (431KB) ( 1211 )   Save

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The giant reed (GR) was modified for the removal of phosphate by reacting with epichlorohydrin, ethylenediamine (EDA) and triethylamine. The factors influencing dynamic adsorption and desorption were investigated and the re-adsorption effects of phosphate were tested. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the modified giant reed greatly increased much, compared with giant reed. A shorter breakthrough time was found in a higher concentration of phosphate and the phosphate removal in solution decreased with increasing flow velocity. The effective pH for  phosphate removal was 5.0.  The 0.01mol／L NaCl, HCl and NaOH solutions had good desorption capacities.

Micro／nano-silver migration into food simulations from  micro/nano polypropylene chambers

HUANG Yan-min1,2, ZHU Chen-fu1*, CHEN Shu-xiang2*, SONG Cui2, XU Chao2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  110-112. 

Abstract ( 725 )   PDF (531KB) ( 1508 )   Save

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Micro／nano food contact materials receive great interests for their excellent properties at present, however, the migration of micro／nano particles from these materials into food has not been reported. The nano  polypropylene (PP) chambers were studied, and the morphology,content and particle size distribution of Ag migrated into the selected food simulated solutions were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)accessory, atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), and laser dynamic light scattering (DLS) after the treatment of dipping the chambers in food simulations. The results suggested that macrol/nano sivler could migrate from the chamber into food simulants in the form of micro／nanosized particles, and the maximum migration appears in  oilfood simulants.

Research and application on the chemical compound huffing and puffing technology of high viscous grade oil

CHEN Hui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  113-120. 

Abstract ( 686 )   PDF (1300KB) ( 1464 )   Save

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The low-grade heavy oil reservoir in the Gudao oilfield is a typical double-low unit.  The present recovery percent of reserves is 5.5％, and the oil production rate is only 0.36％. Exploitation is difficult because of poor reservoir development and fluid properties. Due to the serious problems of high-pressure steam injection, poor steam injection effect and low-cycle oil production in the reservoir developing, the study to improve heavy oil properties through injecting CO2, oil-soluble viscosity reducer, and  both was carried out. In field application, combined with the geological characteristics of reservoirs, different chemical compound huffing and puffing technology were applied in wells of different development characteristics. It achieved obvious  effects of oil incremental.

The comparison of the effects of gingerols separation by AB8 macroporous resin adsorption and silica gel column chromatography

JIA Yan-gao， DU Ai-ling*, GU Cheng-yan, DU Ai-qin, GAO Yu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  121-125. 

Abstract ( 594 )   PDF (605KB) ( 1463 )   Save

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Gingerols in ginger oleoresin were separated by AB8 macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel column chromatography. The samples were characterized by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) method.The peak area normalization method was used to determine the relative percentage of the components and the rate of accumulation of gingerol was determined by contrasting with gingerol standard samples. The results showed that gingerols was concentrated on the 3rd and the 4th parts. It identified 19 ingredients in the 4th part, which has the highest concentration of gingerols. The peak area percentage of gingerols was 14.34％ and the absolute rate of enrichment was 59.01％ with the former method, and the gingerols mostly focused on the former 5 eluate, of which only 11 elements was identified with high content in sample 2. The peak area percentage of gingerols was as high as  55.68% with the absolute rate of enrichment 70.88％ by the latter method.
 

The  influence of  correlation  between  solar  irradiation  and  the  load  variation  on  grid-connected  photovoltaic  power  generation

MENG Xiang-xing1, YU Da-yang2, HAN Xue-shan2, ZHAO Jian-guo3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  126-129. 

Abstract ( 642 )   PDF (812KB) ( 1459 )   Save

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There is a correlation between  solar irradiation and  electricity demand, and thus  grid could deploy more photovoltaic (PV) electricity to substitute for  coal at the peak load time. The gradually decreasing cost will make  PV generation competitive when satisfying the peak load demand. With the annual irradiation and the regional grid load data record, the potential of the grid to accommodate PV electricity was analyzed without deploying  storage or decreasing the base-load units output. The result showed that to reduce the utilization factor from 100％ to 95％, the PV electricity cost only increased by 4.8％, but the penetration of PV electricity increased from 3％ to 7％. It’s illustrated that even without  storage, the PV generation could still satisfy a remarkable portion of the grid electricity demand.

The  solution  space  structure  and  searching  strategies  of  the  integrated-maintenance  scheduling  problem

YU Da-yang1, MENG Xiang-xing2, HAN Xue-shan1, ZHAO Jian-guo3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  130-132. 

Abstract ( 713 )   PDF (732KB) ( 960 )   Save

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The flat phenomena in the solution space of the generation and transmission integrated maintenance scheduling reduce the efficiency of the Taboo search algorism. The structure of solution space was analyzed and four strategies were designed which were tested. The results showed the reason of the flat phenomena is the relatively un-sensitivity of the objective value to the change of transmission solutions,and the alternant searching strategy could  effectively improve the global optimizing.

Long-term stock investment analysis based on FAHP

CHEN Yang-yang, WANG Ju-xiang*, ZHANG Chun-wei, ZHAO Dan-dan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  133-137. 

Abstract ( 778 )   PDF (448KB) ( 1627 )   Save

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The fundamental  and one of the most important factors which influence long-term investment of  stocks, is a vital tool for  investors to evaluate the prospects of listed companies. This paper presents a comprehensive assessment based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) to set up a long-term stock investment model from the aspect of macro-economy, industry, and listed-company, which could provide the majority of stock investors with a more objective and effective investment strategy. The result of the example proves the validity of model and method.

Research on a logistics distribution network location based on cost analysis

ZHAO Zhi-yan, LI Bo*

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  138-142. 

Abstract ( 827 )   PDF (707KB) ( 1278 )   Save

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The method of logistics distribution network systems location based on cost analysis was proposed. From the global view of the network structures, a general total cost model which includes all terminals cost and distribution transportation cost was given by applying network theory, operation cost theory, demand distribution and route choice knowledge. The simulation experiment demonstrated that this method  was an efficient decision scheme to help design the distribution network structures of the third party logistics enterprises.
 

3D numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer in a circular tube with edge-fold-twisted-tape inserts

CUI Yong-zhang1,2, TIAN Mao-cheng1, LI Guang-peng2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  143-148. 

Abstract ( 597 )   PDF (3668KB) ( 1555 )   Save

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A 3D numerical simulation was carried out to study the fluid flow and heat transfer enhancement characteristics of flue inside a circular tube with spiral-twisted-tape(STT) and edge fold-twisted tape(ETT)  inserts. An enhanced wall treatment, a differential formula for the effective viscosity to account for the low Reynolds number effects and modification for moderate swirling flow were adopted. Rearranged from 2300 to 5000, the Nu of tube with STT inserts is 21%～24％ higher than that of   circular tube， and the Nu of tube with ETT inserts is 25%～32％ higher than that of the circular tube. The pressure drop of the tube with ETT inserts is from 12Pa to 57Pa, which is 10%～18％ higher than that of STT inserts. The thermalhydraulic performance of ETT is from 120％ to 126％. The heat enhancement reasons of ETT inserts is the characteristic of periodic velocity increases and decreases within an edgefold length.

An  improved  2-D ESPRIT  algorithm

DIAO Ming, WEI Ting

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  149-152. 

Abstract ( 992 )   PDF (361KB) ( 3099 )   Save

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When  the 2-D ESPRIT algorithm is used to treat two-dimensional signals, there is a great deal of redundancy in the arrays.   A new 2-D improved ESPRIT algorithm was proposed. This algorithm used the geometries characteristic of a  double linear array to construct a mixed matix, and then  the signal subspace was obtained via the singular value decomposition of the matix in the 2D-ESPRIT method. This method could  estimate the signal with  less work, and get good estimation results. It could  estimate both coherent signals and non-coherent signals by the spatial smoothing method.

REsearch  on  the  gate  assignment  problem  in  airport  based on  the  flight connecting  tree

YANG Wen-dong, ZHU Jin-fu, XU Li

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(2):  153-158. 

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The  basic constraints and additional constraints  were analyzed, and  the model of the gate assignment was built through minimizing the sum of flight delay and idle time of the gate as the object function. Based on presenting the concept of the flight connection tree and its construction method, the greedy algorithm was designed. Finally, an example was  analyzed to demonstrate the application of this algorithm. The results proved that a gate assignment method based on the flight connecting tree could effectively simplify complexity of the model, and improved solving efficiency.