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Table of Content

      
    16 February 2010
    Volume 40 Issue 1
    Articles
    Articles
    Study on the adaptive algorithm of the force reflection robotic master under large stiffness of the environment
    CHOU Wu-Sheng, WANG Shuo
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  1-5. 
    Abstract ( 562 )   PDF (754KB) ( 2488 )   Save
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    The stability and transparency of the robotic master with force reflection will be degraded under large stiffness of the environment. An adaptive algorithm of haptic rendering was proposed to solve this problem by modifying the modelof the virtual wall and introducing the concept of force space gradient. The methods of haptic rendering of the impedance display master under large stiffness were automatically selected according to the change rate of the force with respect to the end position of the robotic master. Simulation results showed that the proposed  algorithm of haptic rendering can not only eliminate the force oscillation to keep stability, but also can recover the real output stiffness to improve the transparency of robotic master.

    Study of quadruped robot gait planning based on  Wilson-Cowan neural oscillators
    LI Bin, LI Yi-Bin, RUAN Jiu-Hong, SONG Hong-Jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  6-9. 
    Abstract ( 807 )   PDF (729KB) ( 1661 )   Save
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    The central pattern generator (CPG) is a very important method for the control of robotic rhythmic locomotion. Based on the Wilson-Cowan neural oscillator, a new CPG controller for quadruped robot rhythmic locomotion control was presented. Each Wilson-Cowan neural oscillator was responsible forcontrolling the motion of an individual leg, and the harmony motion of one leg with the others was controlled with four Wilson-Cowan neural oscillators. By replacing the gait matrix of neural oscillators, some different rhythmic locomotion models and switching between the models can be generated. Simulation results show that the presented CPG controller can generate different robotic gaits, and the gaits satisfy the phase demand.

    On manned AWID-AWIS vehicle dynamics control
    RUAN Jiu-Hong, LI Yi-Bin, YANG Fu-An, RONG Hua-Wen
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  10-14. 
    Abstract ( 703 )   PDF (1173KB) ( 1521 )   Save
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    As an essential characteristic, controlredundancy makes the AWID-AWIS (All-Wheel-Independent-Drive ＆ Steering) vehicle dynamics control generally realized by the hierarchical control method. In this paper, the body dynamics control of the manned AWIDAWIS vehicle was studied. First, the driver’s intention and reference model were used to produce control targets. Then the extended state observer (ESO) was used to estimate the “internal disturbance” and“external disturbance” in realtime, and the vehicle dynamics active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) was subsequently designed. Third, the vehicle’s motions under different conditions were simulated, and the problems between the system’s control ability restrictions and the driver's intentions were discussed. The necessity and future work direction of solving the problems werealso pointed out.

    Goods contour detection and positioning by a vision robot
    CONG Kui-Rong, HAN Jie, CHANG Fa-Liang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  15-18. 
    Abstract ( 724 )   PDF (779KB) ( 1320 )   Save
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    A new method of goods contour detection and positioning by a vision robot was proposed. Based on image pre-processing and the Sobel operator, the edgeof goods and its container I1［i,j］ was detected. The goods-supporting area and its edge image I2［i,j］ were calculated by image projection. Then anothergoodssupporting area’s edge image I3［i,j］ was obtained according to the Cannyoperatorand the breakpoints in I2［i,j］ were connected by comparing with I3［i,j］. Finally, the contour was extracted by the contour extraction method to locate the target and the robot was controlled to pick the goods. The experiments show that the method is effective and reliable.

    Disturbance attenuation by output feedback fora class of uncertain nonlinear systems
    SHANG Fang, LIU Yun-Gang, ZHANG Cheng-Hui
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  19-27. 
    Abstract ( 648 )   PDF (620KB) ( 1550 )   Save
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    The problem of disturbance attenuation by output feedback was investigated for a class of nonlinear systems with an uncertain control coefficient and unmeasured states dependent growth. This problem could not be solved by the existing methods because of the uncertainty of the control coefficient. In order to realize disturbance attenuation by the control, highgain Kfilters were first introduced and an appropriate state observer was constructed based on the K-filters. Then, a linear output feedback controller was designed using the backstepping technique. By choosing appropriate design parameters, disturbance attenuation was achieved in the sense of L2-gain.

    Design and development of the virtual plant software platform of an industrial process
    TANG Jian, ZHAI Lian-Fei, CHAI Tian-You, YUE Heng
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  28-32. 
    Abstract ( 638 )   PDF (949KB) ( 1756 )   Save
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    The plant of an industrial process is almost impossible to  established in the lab, and its simulation system can not be quickly developed. For solving this problem,a virtual software platform of an industrial process plant was presented by using configuration software and simulation software. This platform consisted of the foreground interface layer, the middle communication layer, and the background modellayer. The data exchange between the foreground interface and the background model was seamlessly realized. The secondary development rulers were put in form. According to the  rulers, the development of some industrial process plant simulation software could be quickly realized on the basis of the platform program. The virtual plant ofcoal pulverizing systems was developed on the platform, and the availability of the platform was proved.

    Research on a missile storage reliability model based  on the Markov process
    GENG Fei, LIU Yu-Shi
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  33-36. 
    Abstract ( 629 )   PDF (320KB) ( 1646 )   Save
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    A new missile storage model of reliability was built up by considering theinfluence of the environment, and the reliability and availability of the missile were obtained based on the Markov process. This model can give some good suggestions to examine or repair the missile in storage.

    Detection of pottery clay content in ceramic slurrybased on backscattering theory
    MA Li-Xiu, TAN Bo-Xue
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  37-41. 
    Abstract ( 622 )   PDF (408KB) ( 1419 )   Save
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    Based on the Mie scattering theory, if the incident wavelength, incident intensity, detection distance, particle size, refractive index and backscatteringangle are  all known, the intensity of backscattering light is proportional to particle concentration. In the experiment, one of the laser optical fibers irradiates ceramic mud through a doubleD optical fiber sensor, the other receivesthe backscattering laser light that goes through the ceramic mud. The measured voltage andits corresponding ceramic mud’s argil content relationship was analyzed, whichwas nonlinear for ceramic mud of mass fraction between 0％～40％, and linear for ceramic mud of mass fraction between 40％～60％.The ceramic mud of mass fraction of 40％ and 60％ were measureds and a line equation was obtained  by signal processingbackscattering laser changes into voltage. Then several ceramic mud samples whose mass fractionchanging was between 40％～60％ were measured, and the result showed  the valiity of the line equation, and that  the backscattering light was proportional to the mass fraction of the  particle.

    Replenishment policy for stochastic inventory in a closed-loop supply chain considering return payment
    ZHOU Yan-Cong, LI Yong-Jian, SUN Xiao-Chen
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  42-47. 
    Abstract ( 666 )   PDF (395KB) ( 1488 )   Save
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    The effects of the return payment on inventory management were studied for a joint manufacturing and remanufacturing system. An inventory system was proposed that has two replenishment channels including a forward channeland a remanufacturing channel. First, a singleproduct multiperiod stochastic inventory model was formulated under the assumption that the return payment policy influences the probability of the quantity of the product returns. Then the optimal inventory replenishment policy was derived to maximize the expectedprofit of the system. Finally, numerical examples were provided for parameter analysis.

    Numerical simulation for the abrasive water jet machining based on the ALE algorithm
    WANG Jian-Ming, GONG Wen-Jun, GAO Na
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  48-52. 
    Abstract ( 751 )   PDF (1537KB) ( 1377 )   Save
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    An abrasive water jet machining model was created to simulatethe whole stage from the jet into the nozzle to the work piece material removal process using the ALE (Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler) algorithm. The mesh for the abrasive and water was based on the ALE formulation, while the Lagrangeformulation was applied to the target mesh. The effect of jet penetration was implemented by coupling the grids of the ALE and Lagrange. The jet traverse speed was achieved by definitionof the movement of the ALE grid to reduce the mesh domain. The abrasive constitutive equations were also presented. The uniform mixture for abrasive and water wasachieved by definition of volume percentage of the two materials in the initialALE elements. Simulation results gave the relationships between processing parameters and the cutting depth. The good agreement between simulation results and experimental data verifies the correctness of the simulation.

    Study of abrasive wear in belt grinding of a close alpha titanium alloy
    HUO Wen-Guo, XU Jiu-Hua, FU Yu-Can
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  53-58. 
    Abstract ( 678 )   PDF (1723KB) ( 1747 )   Save
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    Zirconia alumina belts were used for the dry grinding of a close alpha titanium alloy. Wearflat and hold height of worn abrasive were analyzed with 3DViewer microscopy.The ground surface roughness was measured with the Mahr Perth meter M1 instrument, and the stock removal was measured. SEM and EDS analyses were carried out on the worn abrasives to determine the grain wear mechanisms. Special experiments were designed to investigate the ground surface with different grinding stages of belts abrasive for grinding close alpha titanium alloy titanium alloys. The results showed that under the grinding conditions of lower grinding speed, lower feed rate and lower depth of cut, the zirconia alumina belts  have alonger service life, lower cutting abrasive wear and better surface. It means the zirconia alumina belt is suitable for the dry grinding processes of
    the close alpha titanium alloy
    .

    B-Spline curve approximation for pencil-cut tool path
    LI Wan-Jun, ZHAO Dong-Biao, NIU Min
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  59-62. 
    Abstract ( 773 )   PDF (946KB) ( 1479 )   Save
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    A new method was presented to compute the knot vectors, and the leastsquare method was used to compute approximation of BSpline curve.This methodhad high approximation precision and good controllable for the wiggly in the first point and the end point. The approximation curve could meet the tolerance. Practical experience showed that the approximation pencilcut path is a C2continuous curve and has good fairness, which has high machining accuracy and could reduce the number of programs in NC processing.

    Research on the S-shape acceleration／deceleration algorithm in NURBS curve real time interpolation
    WANG Hai-Tao, ZHAO Dong-Biao, GAO Su-Mei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  63-67. 
    Abstract ( 831 )   PDF (607KB) ( 2490 )   Save
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    A non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) parametric curve interpolation and S-shape acceleration／deceleration (ACC／DEC) algorithm for the CNC machine tool were studied. In the proposed algorithm, the commanded velocity was maintained at most of the time and adaptively reduced in large curvature areas to meet the demand ofthe machining accuracy requirement. In addition, an S-shape look ahead algorithm was proposed to limit the acceleration and jerk values within the machine’s capabilities during the whole interpolation process, which could  reducemechanical shock to the machine tools. The real time performance of this interpolator wasalso measured to demonstrate its practical application. A NURBS curve interpolation result was provided to verify the feasibility and advantages of the proposed algorithm.

    Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for the performance of a numerical controlmachine tool based on the analytic hierarchy process
    LIU Shi-Hao, YE Wen-Hua, TANG Dun-Bing, CHEN Wei-Fang, ZHANG Ting
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  68-72. 
    Abstract ( 643 )   PDF (356KB) ( 1847 )   Save
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    In order to evaluate each performance index of a numerical control machine tool, the comprehensive performance evaluation index system of a numerical control machine tool was established, and the performance index weight coefficient of the numerical control machine tool was determined by using the 1-9 scale law in the analytic hierarchy process. Taking a numerical control machine tool as the study object, each performance index of the numerical control machine tool was studied by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The result indicated that the comprehensive performance of this numerical control machine tool was good. The analysis showed that the comprehensive performance of this numerical control machine tool could be further enhanced, when the index performances of repetition pointing accuracy,pulse equivalent and spindle revolution were improved.

    The automatic identification and extraction of assembly directionbased on surface contact characteristics
    YANG Qi-Biao, YANG Zhi-Hong, LIU Chang-An, FU Tao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  73-77. 
    Abstract ( 643 )   PDF (701KB) ( 1192 )   Save
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    Assembly sequence planning can be generated automatically with an optimization algorithm according to the assembly direction of parts and their interferenceon this direction. The problem is that it is difficult to get the assembly direction automatically. Based on the B-rep model and surface contact characteristics among parts,  a new method that could identify and extract assemblydirection of parts was proposed. The effectiveness of this method was verifiedwith an example.

    Finite element analysis and optimization design for the vertical slide board of the ‘boxinbox’ structure
    XIAO Li-Li, CHEN Wei-Fang, YE Wen-Hua, YANG Qi, LIU Shi-Hao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  78-83. 
    Abstract ( 792 )   PDF (789KB) ( 2448 )   Save
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    In order to improve dynamic and static performance of the ‘boxinbox’ structures vertical slide board and rigidity of machine tool, statics and a modal finite element analysis for the  vertical slide board were carried out in theCAD／CAE simulation design platform. The result indicated that the stiffness in Y, X directions should be improved, and the convex vibration and swing of the vertical slide board were obvious. In this regard, four improved plans of the vertical slide board were designed, and the best improvement plan was selected by using dynamic and static performance evaluation based on fuzzy transformation. The optimized vertical slide board structure was obtained by conducting the dynamic optimal design for the improved vertical slide board. The results showed that modification and size optimization design for the vertical slide board could effectively improve  static and dynamic performance.

    Crack reason analysis of urea reactor lining with a round pit
    WU Jun-Fei, LIN Mei, ZHU Wei-Guo, ZHANG Yan-Fei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  84-86. 
    Abstract ( 762 )   PDF (337KB) ( 1097 )   Save
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    A urea reactor of which the lining has a round pit defect under the leak detecting hole was studied through finite element analysis and stress corrosion threshold value calculation. The results showed that the stress concentration causedby the round pit could provide an external condition for stress corrosion. So thestress corrosion crack happened under the simultaneous actions of stress concentration and chloride ions.

    Alkalization experiment and coagulation performance ofpoly-silicic-ferric coagulant
    FU Ying, GAO Bao-Yu
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  87-92. 
    Abstract ( 537 )   PDF (348KB) ( 1319 )   Save
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    Polysilicicferric (PSF) coagulant with various Si／Fe ratios(PSF 0.5and PSF 3 represent Si／Fe molar ratios of 0.5 and 3, respectively), was prepared by co-polymerization. The alkalization experiments of PSF and coagulation performance of PSF in treating surface water collected from the Songhua River and sewagewater from Nangang district in Harbin  were investigated. The results showed that some informationassisted  the reaction mechanism between Si and Fe and the species transformation could be captured by the  alkalization experiment.The alkalization experiment further improved validation of  the SiFe reaction mechanism: much larger morphology based on Si-O-Fe-O-Fe-O-Si bond was immediately formed and then the unstable Fe-O-Fe bond breaks with increasing of thecopolymerization time in lower ratios of PSF (such as PSF 0.5) at initial copolymerization stage. While for higher ratios of PSF (such as PSF 3), only a small amount of Fe3+ participates in complexation with PS at the initial copolymerization stage, and species based on the SiOFeOSiOSi bond was formed. The optimum doses of PSF 05and PSF 3 are 85mg／L and 105mg／L for surfaces water and are 70mg／L and100mg／L for sewage water according to the removal of turbidity, UV254 an

    d COD, respectively. PSF 3 gave a lower restabilization dose for turbidity rem

    oval than PSF 05, while the contrary was true for UV254 and COD removal.

    Study on extracting/ reverse extracting dephenol of gasified high-concentration phenol-containing wastewater
    REN Xiao-Hua, CUI Zhao-Jie
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  93-97. 
    Abstract ( 703 )   PDF (349KB) ( 2055 )   Save
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    In order to realize the recycle of gasi

    fied highconcentration phenol

    containing wastewater, experiments were carried out to find out the extracting e

    ffects of the system with different concentrations, pH, temperature and solvent

    ra

    tio (the volume of extracting solvent to wastewater), and an extracting system u

    sing 30% TBPkerosene solution as an extracting agent was set up. Experiments w

    e

    re carried out to find out the reverse extracting effects of different NaOH solu

    tion concentrations and solvent ratios (the volume of extracting solvent to wast

    ewater), and a reverse extracting system using NaOH solution as reverse extrac

    ting agent was set up. The experiments for reusing the extractant were performed

    . T

    he results showed that the rate of dephenolization was higher than 97.0%, the re

    cov

    ery rate of phenol was 93.4%, the total recovery rate of phenol was about 90.0%,

     a

    nd the phenol in wastewater after extracting can be reduced from 2259.8mg·L

    -1 t

    o less than 75mg·L-1. The experiments also showed that the 30% TBP ke

    rosene was a good ind

    ustrial extractant that could be reused reusing several times. The 30% TBP ker

    osene and the NaOH solutio

    n system could success recycle phenol of highconcentration phenolcontainin

    g wastewater, which could reduce the burden for the following processing. 

    Effect of produced wastewater from polymer flooding in Shengli Oilfieldtreated by the coagulation method
    ZHANG Yong-Qiang, GAO Bao-Yu, LU Lei, CAO Bai-Chuan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  98-102. 
    Abstract ( 637 )   PDF (345KB) ( 1643 )   Save
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    The produced wastewater from polymer flooding in Shengli Oilfield wastreated by the chemical coagulation method. The applicable coagulants were chosen and compounded based on the comparison of the single coagulation effect of each coagulant. The results showed that the oil or turbidity removal efficiencies of traditional aluminum salt or iron salt coagulants were much better than those of the inorganic polymer coagulants or organic polymer flocculants. When the aluminum chloride and iron chloride were compounded with the dosage mass ratio of 1:3,it could not only improve the settling performance and decrease the volume of sludge, but also obtained high oil and turbidity removal efficiencies. When the compounded aluminumiron coagulant was compounded with anionic polyacrylamide (APAM), the oil and turbidity removal efficiencies were dominated by the dosage of the inorganic compounded aluminumiron coagulant. And at the dosage of 0.5mg／L, APAM could bridge the flcos and improve the settling performance and decrease

    the volume of sludge.

    Performance of polyferric-cationic polymer dual-coagulants in treating synthetic disperse yellow and reactive red dyeing wastewater
    CHEN Ting, GAO Bao-Yu, YUE Qin-Yan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  103-107. 
    Abstract ( 710 )   PDF (352KB) ( 1559 )   Save
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    A series of dualcoagulants used for the treatment of synthetic disperse yellow and reactive red dyeing wastewater were prepared with different basicicity (B) of PFC, different intrinsic viscosities (η) of EPIDMA and  different ratios (P) of  PFC (by weight of Fe) to dry weight of EPI-DMA. The effectsof addition methods of dualcoagulants, P value, η value and B value oncoagulation efficiency were studied. The results showed that first adding PFC and second adding EPI-DMA could achieve the maximum color removal rate for synthetic disperse yellow wastewater, whereas the reverse adding order could obtain the best color removal rate for synthetic reactive red wastewater. The coagulant with η of4200mPa·s, P of 0.5 and B of 0.3  gave the highest color removal rate in this study. 

    Synthesis process of long-chain alkyl amide imidazoline by React IRTM
    ZHANG Lei, YU Ping, LI Feng
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  108-114. 
    Abstract ( 888 )   PDF (1342KB) ( 1062 )   Save
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    With a special structure containing two nitrogen atoms in its fivemembered heterocyclic ring, imidazoline may become a new chemical with special feature by introducing other functional groups during its synthesis process. It is the hotspot research in the field of synthesis of functional macromolecule materials at present. In this paper, imidazoline was synthesized by stearic acid and diethylenetriamine, and a series of functional groups spectrum during the reaction process were obtained by using the react IR analytical system (React IRTM). By analyzing the changes of spectrum of the characteristic functional groups, the mechanism and process of synthesis reaction were discussed. The results showed that the mixing process of raw materials at the initial process was a physicochemical reaction process, and there was a lowest value area of the target product in the reaction process. As a result, the reaction of introducing other functional groups to this functional group should not take place in this lowest value area.

    Preparation and electrical properties of (1-x)Sr(Fe1／2Nb1／2)O3-xPbTiO3ferroelectric solid-solution ceramics
    LI Le-Qing, FANG Bi-Jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  115-120. 
    Abstract ( 711 )   PDF (1821KB) ( 1240 )   Save
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    (1-x)Sr(Fe1／2Nb1／2)O3-xPbTiO3(SFN-PT) ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional solidstate reaction method via the columbite precursor technique. XRD measurement confirmed that the synthesized SFN-PT ceramics are of pure perovskite structure. With the increase of themole fraction  ofPbTiO3 (PT), the crystal structure of the synthesized SFN-PT ceramics changes from  a rhombohedral structure to a tetragonal one. Dielectric response also changes from diffused and broad dielectric peaks to relatively sharp and almost frequency independent ones accompanied by an  increase of the temperature of dielectric maximum (Tm). A small content of MnO2 or Li2CO3 doping can greatly decrease the dielectric loss of the SFN-PT ceramics. Furthermore, the abnormal increase of dielectric constant and loss tangent in the paraelectric region is accordingly suppressed. Typical P-E hysteresis loops are observed in the SFNPT ceramics although the remanent polarization (Pr) is small. MnO2 and Li2CO3 doping can greatly decrease coercive field (Ec) of the SFN-PT ceramics accompaniedby large increase of Pr. The piezoelectric constant d33 of the SFN-PT ceramics is small which changes from 10 pC/N to 22 pC/N.

    Characteristic analysis of the forward response of array lateral logging
    DUN Yue-Qin, MIN Yue, YUAN Jian-Sheng
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  121-125. 
    Abstract ( 754 )   PDF (1933KB) ( 1256 )   Save
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    The principle of array lateral sonde and the fast forward calculationsimulation of the cylindrical electrode with a point source were first introduced  and the characteristics of the responses were analyzed and summarized based on the forward calculation of different models. The nonlinearity between the shallowest mode’s response(ρa0) and the mud resistivity(ρm)dropped off with the increasing of borehole diameter and the true resistivity(ρt  ). The responses of the lowinvasion model increased, and that of the highinvasion model disordered, with the changing of invasion radius under different borehole diameters. The responses near the interface sometimes oscillated for the model with shoulder layer and invasion. These characteristics can beused as a priori information to study of the logging interpretation and inversion, and also as a theoretical basis to analyze the loggingresponses.

    The application improvement of PLS in  boiler NOx  emissions testing
    DONG Zeng-Shou, LIU Ming-Jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  126-128. 
    Abstract ( 738 )   PDF (348KB) ( 1283 )   Save
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    By identifying  boiler operating parameters  closely related to  nitrogen oxides emissions, the improvement of PLS was used to predictthe nitrogen oxides emissions in the boiler coal combustion process. Based on calibration models uniformed by the random matrix and combined with several factors influenced by nitrogen oxides emissions, and variable single-output of the emissionsof nitrogen content, the PLS model was improved. The improved calculation modelwas used to test nitrogen oxides emissions. The result showed that this method was more accurate and faster than  conventional PLS when used to predict the emission of  nitrogen oxides. This method could  provide a means for the integration of  data calculation and process collection.

    A design of NBF based on bipolar OTA
    LUO Min, WANG Chen-Xu, LI Hao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  129-132. 
    Abstract ( 779 )   PDF (783KB) ( 2130 )   Save
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    A narrow band filter used in IRDA IC whose central frequency and band width can be orthogonally modulated was designed  using the CSMC 0.6μm BiCMOS process.  The narrow band filter consisted  of bipolar OTA cells. With thesimulation of HSPICE, the conclusion could be obtained that the central frequency of this filter was 38.02kHz, the band width was 3.92kHz, and the central frequencyand the bind width could be orthogonally modulated, which can represent the outstanding capability of this filter.

    Dynamic DOA estimation in the presence of impulsive noise
    ZHAO Da-Yong, DIAO Ming, YANG Li-Li, CHEN Chao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  133-138. 
    Abstract ( 701 )   PDF (1855KB) ( 1555 )   Save
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    A new improvement was provided on a particle swarm optimization algorithm based on the idea of locking and tracking, and a new method based on the maximum likelihood algorithm for dynamic directionofarrival (DOA) estimation under impulsive noise environments was studied.This method can avoid the decompositions of the fractional lower order moments matrix which should be repeated in the methodsbased on subspace tracking, and perform better than the methods based on subspace tracking in the aspect of tracking precision. In addition the cost of the multidimensional search can be mostly reduced.

    The solution to the space fractional Schro¨dinger equationwith double δ potential
    LIN Ai-Hua, JIANG Xiao-Yun, MIAO Feng-Ming
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  139-143. 
    Abstract ( 1110 )   PDF (228KB) ( 2456 )   Save
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    The jump conditions and the solution to the fractional Schr[o¨dinger equation with a double δpotential barrierare studied. The corresponding reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of the particle are given. Also, the relations between fractional and classical Schro¨dinger equation are discussed. The solution to the space fractional Schr[o¨dinger equation with a double δpotential barrier is obtained.

    Improved grey Bootstrap method and its application in  reliability evaluation
    CAO Xin, SUN Xin-Li, LI Zhen
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  144-148. 
    Abstract ( 707 )   PDF (909KB) ( 2198 )   Save
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    Resampling and simulation with a very small sample is always a hotspot and hard problem in reliability simulation and evaluation. At present,there is nogood method suitable  to solve this problem. Based on the principle of the grey Bootstrap, the resample method was improved when the Bootstrap repeatly resampled with a very small sample, and GM(1,1) twice data fitting model to solve the problem that theBootstrap’s simulated result is credible with a very small sample. On the improved grey Bootstrap method in very small sample reliability evaluation, the results indicated that the method had high evaluating precision and highcredibility and strong applicability.

    Investigation of three-way catalyst performanceusing ethanol-gasoline and normal gasoline
    ZHANG Ke-Song, HU Jing-Na, LIU Yun-Gang, BAO Xiao-Feng
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  149-153. 
    Abstract ( 726 )   PDF (1479KB) ( 1457 )   Save
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    After measuring the engine's emission and the catalyst convertsion rate,the influence on the  catalyst werestudied by using ethanolgasoline and normal gasoline. In the experiments, 5 kinds of ethanolgasoline and 6 kinds of normal gasoline on  the market were  used, and the CO, HC, and NOx emission were measured beforeand after the catalyst. The results showed that ethanol gasoline's CO emission was higher than normal gasoline's, HC emission was equal to normal gasoline's, and NOxemission was lower than that of normal gasoline. When using ethanolgasoline, the conversion rate for CO and HC was  higher than using normal gasoline in idling mode, while the conversion  rate for NOx was a little lower. For the  medium speed of engine, the convertsion  rate for CO was lower with medium loads, and higher with other load. The conversion rate for HC and NOx was equal to normal gasoline under  most of the conditions.

    Study of a power frequency magnetic field of 1000kVUHV AC  transmission lines
    NIU Lin, ZHAO Jian-Guo, LI Ke-Jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2010, 40(1):  154-158. 
    Abstract ( 681 )   PDF (1003KB) ( 2018 )   Save
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    The timedomain mathematical prediction model of a space frequency magnetic field of UHV AC transmission line was established, which simplified the tedious process of the model in the complex domain. The horizontal distribution of the power frequency magnetic field of UHV AC transmission line in our country wasanalyzed basedon the prediction model, so that the maximum intensity of magnetic induction would be well shielded. In order to control the power frequency magnetic field, the sizeof the line load current, the height of wire from the ground, the conductor configurationofsingleloop and the phase sequence arrangement  of the double loop were studied in the fixed quantity. The results provided a more intuitionistic reference and learning for  engineering designers.

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