Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 70-77.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.533

• Civil Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Flow characteristics of rough rock fractures under wide range of Reynolds numbers

Jie LIU1(),Zhechao WANG2,*(),Yupeng ZHANG2,Huayang SUN3   

  1. 1. Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
    2. Key laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
    3. School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2018-12-09 Online:2019-08-20 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: Zhechao WANG E-mail:liujiegt@126.com;wang_zhechao@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779045);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579141)

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Abstract:

Through experiments and theoretical analysis, the flow characteristics of rock rough fractures with different geometric parameters were studied, including non-Darcy coefficient β, critical Reynolds number Rec and non-Darcy effect factor E. Testing equipment for fluid flow in fractures was developed and 9 rough single fracture models with different apertures and Joint Roughness Coefficients (JRC) were prepared. Laboratory tests on flow in rough fractures with Reynolds numbers, i.e., from 2 to 5000 were performed. The characteristics of flow in single fractures with different roughness (JRC=2-20) under wide range of Reynolds numbers were obtained. It was shown that fracture roughness had a significant impact on the nonlinear flow characteristics of the fracture. Based on the Forchheimer equation, the effects of fracture roughness on equation parameters were quantitatively studied. The larger fracture roughness was, the more likely it was to cause the nonlinearity of the fracture flow, the smaller critical Reynolds number was, and the stronger non-linear effect would be.

Key words: rough fracture, flow experiment, nonlinear flow, Forchheimer equation, critical Reynolds number

CLC Number: 

  • U43

Fig.1

Collation of friction factor λ for single fracture flow investigations"

Table 1

Comparison of single fracture flow investigations"

文献序号研究方法模型尺寸/(mm×mm)开度范围/mm粗糙度Rec范围模型制作方法
[12]试验、模拟20×200.15粗糙10树脂模型
[14]试验1 000×2504.00~9.00光滑12~86树脂玻璃板
[16]试验6 000×5003.00~13.00光滑/粗糙200~1 000树脂板粘贴凸起网格
[17]试验100×500~0.04JRC=6~12.51~15劈裂花岗岩
[18]试验200×1000.50~2.00JRC=11.2~14.5劈裂花岗岩

Fig.2

Rock fracture flow experiment device and schematic diagram"

Fig.3

Schematic diagram of rough fracture model"

Table 2

Geometric parameters of experiment cases"

试验工况长度L/mm宽度w/mm平均开度em/mm水力开度eh/mmJRC
1202500.800.7750~2
2202501.000.9560~2
3202501.321.3650~2
4201500.560.5968~10
5201500.800.8118~10
6201501.201.1828~10
7200500.450.39318~20
8200500.700.69718~20
9200500.950.88518~20

Fig.4

Comparison of experiment data and fitting curves"

Fig.5

Schematic diagram of fracture flow"

Fig.6

Velocity distribution in the fracture flow"

Fig.7

Schematic diagram of Newton′s law of internal friction"

Table 3

Fitting coefficients of experiment cases"

试验工况ABR2
(公式(6))		β
15.86×1044.59×1080.9986.75
22.81×1042.89×1080.9966.47
39.65×1038.38×1070.9983.83
41.16×1053.12×1090.99927.19
54.83×1041.63×1090.99926.26
61.48×1045.44×1080.99918.61
74.04×1051.17×10100.99744.45
87.25×1044.76×1090.99856.67
93.54×1041.97×1090.99837.76

Fig.8

Trend of non-Darcy coefficient β of rough fractures"

Fig.9

Critical Reynolds number of each experiment case"

Fig.10

Relation between E and Re"

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