Table of Content

  

20 February 2018
Volume 48 Issue 1

Online business self-evaluation system based on linguistic-valued similarity reasoning

CUI Xiaosong, WANG Ying, MENG Jia, ZOU Li

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  1-7.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.422

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In order to represent uncertainty knowledge more reasonable, a knowledge representation model was constructed with 2n-element linguistic-valued lattice-valued first-order logic which included different truth degree with different linguistic hedges based on lattice implication algebra system. The linguistic-valued similarity was defined and the similarity-based reasoning of ten-element linguistic-valued lattice-valued first-order logic was presented. A network business self-evaluation system was constructed and an example was given to illustrate that the proposed method could deal with the uncertain knowledge in the self-evaluation problems and help the network shopkeeper to evaluate themselves effectively.

A similarity subspace embedding algorithm

QIAN Wenguang, LI Huimin

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  8-14.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.401

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By the analysis of the classical Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)and Maximum Margin Criterion(MMC)methods, a supervised dimensionality reduction by in-depth learning within scatters of classes which called Similarity Subspace Embedding(SSE)was proposed. A deep study on the within class scatter matrix was made. The divergences of the subspace of each class were obtained by subspace learning. This approach could get abundant information between class scatter matrixes, and then get a better low dimensional space. Compared with the MMC method, the SSE method was more adequate for the class of data learning, while avoiding the small sample problem of the LDA method. Experimental results on AR face image, Coil data set and handwriting showed that the proposed method had a higher recognition rate compared with other three classic methods, which showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Unsupervised face image feature extraction based on low-rank representation projection

ZHANG Zhenyue, LI Fei, JIANG Mingyan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  15-20.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.005

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In order to construct the adaptive adjacency graph between data points, and also to overcome the disadvantage that the coefficients of sparse representation and collaborative representation were independent, the low-rank representation projections(LRRP)and discriminative low-rank representation projections(DLRRP)were proposed. In these two manifold learning methods, the weighted matrix was constructed by low-rank representation(LRR). The adjacencies defined by the coefficients were preserved in the feature space. By virtue of the clustering property of the coefficients, an within-class scatter minimum term was added in the optimization objective, which leaded to a discriminative projection. The experimental results showed that compared with other manifold learning algorithms, LRRP and DLRRP could obtain the better recognition accuracies. The proposed methods were effective feature extraction algorithms and enriched the manifold learning framework.

Flower pollination algorithm-based functional module detection in protein-protein interaction networks

WU Hongyan, JI Junzhong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  21-30.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.291

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Revealing unknown functions of proteins were one of the core contents of proteomics in the post gene era, where it had become a hotspot to use the swarm intelligence-based approaches to identify functional modules in protein-protein interaction networks(PPIN). An approach based on flower pollination algorithm to detect functional modules in PPIN was proposed. Each pollen in the population was encoded by a random walk and the population was optimized by using two mechanisms of self-pollination and cross-pollination which were specially owned by flower pollination algorithm. More specially, the strategies of recombination and better-solution selection were adopted in the self-pollination while the mutation strategies based on Levy mechanism and an adaptive individual-difference were employed in the cross-pollination. The four strategies together promoted the evolution of the population from different angles. The simulation experiments on three public data sets showed that the proposed algorithm had not only excellent overall performance but also absolute superiority in terms of two comprehensive indicators F-measure and accuracy compared with the other six classical algorithms.

The algorithm of wide area sub-meter single point positioning

WANG Yanran, ZHENG Yongguo, YU Xin

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  31-35.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.481

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In order to solve the problem that the traditional single point positioning was unable to meet the increased requirements of real-time positioning accuracy in the applications, a new algorithm of wide area sub-meter single point positioning in real-time was proposed. The embedded software within hardware or the APP software to get the precise location by using the positioning model of carrier smoothed pseudorange, it obtained the corrections of precision orbit and clock errors and ionospheric grid for GNSS satellites which was broadcast by IGS through the network, and it was based on the raw observations of satellites which was provided by single-frequency GNSS receiver. A large number of experimental results showed that this algorithm could be achieved better than 0.8 meter positioning accuracy on the planar direction, and better than 2 meter positioning accuracy on the elevation direction, using the same hardware cost as single-frequency receiver to achieved sub-meter positioning accuracy in real time and with fast convergence. This algorithm could provide real-time sub-meter high-accuracy location services within the wide area for most applications, without to build a large number of the ground augmentation base stations.

A modified truncated quasi-Newton method based on BFGS formula for the stochastic user equilibrium problem

LIU Jianmei, MA Shuaiqi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  36-41.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.408

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According to the characteristics of stochastic user equilibrium problems, a modified truncated quasi-Newton(MTQN)method was constructed based on the BFGS correction formula and Armijo line search. The construction process of truncated quasi-Newton equation and the concrete steps of the MTQN algorithm were introduced. The convergence and two issues were presented for the characteristics of stochastic user equilibrium model. One numerical example was solved by the MTQN algorithm, and the results were compared with the modified truncated Newton(MTN)method, which showed that the MTQN was superior to the MTN in both iteration number and absolute error. The modified truncated quasi-Newton method could avoid the computation of the Hessian matrix and could be also applied to solve some special problems when the Hessian matrix was not positive definite.

End force tracking control algorithm of grinding robot based on model predictive control

LIU Zhe, SONG Rui, ZOU Tao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  42-49.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.569

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A precise control algorithm using the model predictive control and surface prediction was proposed. The dynamic model and the prediction model of the manipulator were given. The surface coordinates of the next moment were obtained according to the surface prediction algorithm, and the desired rotation angle of each joint was obtained by the fast algorithm and the inverse kinematic algorithm. And in order to realize the overshoot tracking of the desired joint angle, the dynamic matrix control algorithm was used to solve the input torque of each joint motor. The end-point of manipulator was controlled to track the continuous surface by experimental and simulation. The results showed that the end force control algorithm using surface prediction and model prediction algorithm could effectively track the continuous surface in real time, which satisfied the ideal force control requirement.

An object fusion recognition algorithm based on DSmT

TANG Leshuang, TIAN Guohui, HUANG Bin

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  50-56.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.294

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Aimed at improving the performance of the depth model in image classification currently, i.e. the inadequate performance of existing hardware, difficulty in structural innovation and the limited training samples, an object fusion recognition algorithm based on DSmT(Desert-Smarandache theory)was proposed. The recognition information of objects was collected and fused from different learning network models. The pretrained depth learning models were fine-tuned according to the classification task. To solve the problem in the construction of the basic belief assignment(BBA)in DSmT, the models were used to assign the BBA to the evidence sources. The DSmT combination theory was used in the fusion of the decision-layer in order to raise the recognition rate. Under the conditions of unchanged network models and the dataset, the multi-model fusion method with the single-model and average value method were compared in the experiments. The results of the experiments showed that the algorithm could improve correct recognition ratio effectively under the same conditions.

Performance of W6Mo5Cr4V2 laser cladding on 40Cr curved substrate

XU Mingsan, WANG Tao, LI Jianfeng, DAI Tengyun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  57-64.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.504

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In order to realize the additive manufactured on the blade edges of die-cutting machines by using laser cladding technology,orthogonal tests of multi-pass laser cladding with high-speed steel powder W6Mo5Cr4V2 on the curved substrate 40 Cr were carried out. Process parameters which included the radius of curvature,cladding trajectory and the lap-over ratio, etc. were taken as the influencing factors. The residual stress, micro-hardness and microstructure of the cladding layer were analyzed. The results showed that the flow of protective gas had a significant effect on the residual stress. The minimum residual stresses were obtained under the laser power of 1 800 W,the scanning velocity of 10 m/s,the protective gas flow of 400 g/min,the curvature radius of 60 mm and the lap-over ratio of 30% with a circumferential cladding direction. The crystal morphology from the top of the cladding layer to the bonding zone was developed from the plane crystal to the dendrite. Besides, no defects in the cladding layer were observed and a metallurgical bonding between powders and substrate was achieved. In addition, the micro-hardness value experienced a stair-step increase from the substrate to the top of cladding layer. The average micro-hardness was more than 60 HRC, which could meet the hardness requirements of blade edges on die-cutting machines.

Analysis on thermal-solid coupling properity of flat-plate film cooling

WANG Zhan, ZHANG Chao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  65-70.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.068

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In order to analysis the comprehensive cooling effect and reliability of the film cooling method, the thermal-solid coupling calculating method was utilized to simulate the cooling process on the flat plate with film cooling holes. The inner temperature and the thermal stress distribution profiles were obtained, and the influence of cooling effects by different blowing ratios and hole types was compared. The results showed that the uniform inner temperature distribution was caused by the inner cooling and metal heat conduction, the thermal stress consentrated on the leading edge and trailing edge of the cooling hole. Conpared with the traditional round hole, the fan-shaped and double-jet holes could obviously improve the cooling effectiveness and decrease thermal stress. Research results could provide a reference for the cooling design of the gas turbine blade.

Numerical calculation method and distribution law of zero points of the compound Bessel function

JI Anzhao, WANG Yufeng, LIU Xuefen

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  71-77.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.085

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In order to solve the problem of computing the zeros of compound Bessel functions, a modified optimization algorithm of the particle swarm and the quantum-behaved particle swarm were proposed. Most of the zero points of the compound Bessel function could be calculated by modified algorithm in the finite interval. In order to improve the searching ability of the zero points, the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm with crossover operator was modified by using cross operator operation in combination with the characteristics of the two former algorithms. All the zero points of the compound Bessel function in the finite interval were found with the modified version of algorithm. The modified version of algorithm was faster with convergence rate and higher with zero points calculation accuracy. The calculation results showed that, except for the former three zero points, the following zero points showed linear relationship with their sequence on double logarithmic coordinate axis under the same parameters of the compound Bessel function. The straight-line fitting of the zero points and their sequence from different parameters was calculated. The results showed that the correlation coefficient was 99.99% and the relative error of zero point fitting was less than 0.5%, which could full fit the requirement of engineering calculation.

Analysis and design optimization of the performance in flexible lever mechanism for static unbalance measurement system

MIAO Huihua, LI Peixing, HU Baizhen, ZHANG Jiankun, YAN Weixin, ZHAO Yanzheng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  78-88.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.022

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Based on the centroid projection method and flexible mechanism, a set of static unbalance measurement system was designed as well as reducing the flexible lever output flexibility, which could effectively improve the accuracy of measurement by analyzing the measuring principle and components characteristics. The flexible lever flexibility model was established by the circular flexure hinge closed equation, then the finite element analysis software Ansys was used to verify the exactness of the flexibility model. Through reasonable optimization function and constraint conditions, the performance of the input and output in flexible lever mechanism were optimized. The result showed that it was feasible to establish the model flexibility by using the closed-form equation. The error between theoretical value and simulation value was within 9%, and the optimization function was feasible. Under the premise that variation of the lever amplification coefficient was only 2%, leverage output flexibility was reduced by 18.63%. The optimizing result showed that the leverage linearity range was increased to effectively improve the measuring accuracy of static unbalance measurement system.

The numerical simulation of two-phase flow distribution characteristics in T-tube

WANG Danhua, ZHANG Guanmin, LENG Xueli, XU Mengna, HAN Yuanyuan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  89-95.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.057

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Uneven distribution of gas-liquid two-phase flow in T-tube was easy to cause bias flow and uneven heating in heat exchangers. To optimize the gas-liquid two-phase flow in T-tube, the simulation about influences of flow parameters and tubes geometric structure on distribution of two-phase flow characteristics in T-tube was carried out by FLUENT. It was found that higher volume fraction of liquid phase and slower inlet velocity, and a smaller diameter of liquid drops facilitate even distribution of fluid. Meanwhile, the elbow structure was better than a straight tube at joints of branch tubes, the inlet velocity had most obvious influence on flow distribution, the difference of three units in speed could result in around 10% variation in volume fraction ration between two outlets. The results showed that change the flow parameters and tubes geometric structure correspond could optimize fluid flow in T-tube effectively.

Self-adaption acceleration slip regulation control of four-wheel independently-driving electric vehicle

ZHANG Bohan, CHEN Zheming, FU Jianghua, CHEN Bao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  96-103.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.081

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There are many problems in the research of the acceleration slip regulation control, such as the single modeling method, the ideal slip rate of the controller can not match the changing road conditions, and the influence of the axle load transfer on the wheel adhesion performance is not taken into account. In order to solve the above problems, the vehicle dynamics model based on Carsim and Matlab/Simulink co-simulation was established. A self-adaption acceleration slip regulation controller based on double fuzzy algorithm was designed. The pavement recognition module could be added to the controller to estimate the changeable pavement attachment condition. Based on the estimation results, the optimal target slipping rate could be selected to realize the self-adaptive control. The acceleration slip regulation control algorithm of front-rear axle drive was designed separately to realize the differential control of front and rear axles. According to the different working conditions, the vehicle model and the acceleration slip regulation controller were verified.

Project schedule optimization based on critical chain method with modified completion probability

LIU Zhiqing, GAO Haohan, AN Molin, ZHANG Xuekai

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  104-111.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.093

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A new method based on the critical chain method(CCM)with modified completion probability was proposed to optimize the project schedule. When building the optimization model, resource constraints were transformed into construction duration constraints by integrating criticality with completion probability, and duration-cost expression was improved according to the accomplishment state of the project activities which was divided into two kinds: accomplished/under-construction and not-yet-construction, considering the impact on cost information accessibility by the activity changes before and after the construction. Besides, CCM buffer was reserved as the adjustable duration constraints. To solve this model, critical chain was kept unchanged, so that the project activity durations could be redistributed to realize the adjustment. The method was proved also applicable in the case of resource change or schedule deviation, by which an optimal adjusted schedule was worked out. Simulations verified the effectiveness of the presented method, which showed that the method could realize project schedule optimization with resources restraints and progress deviation in a better way.

Current and speed controllers driven by IPMSM based on online particle swarm optimization method

SONG Zhengqiang, YANG Huiling, XIAO Dan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  112-116.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2015.403

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A novel online particle swarm optimization method was proposed to design speed and current controller of vector controlled interior permanent magnet synchronous motor. In the proposed drive system, the space vector modulation technique was employed to generate the switching signals for a two-level voltage-source inverter. In order to simulate the system in the practical condition, the non-linearity of the inverter was also taken into account due to the dead-time, threshold and voltage drop of the switching devices. Speed and PI current controller gains were optimized with PSO online, sampling period was 100 μs, hardware test platform was DSPACE1104, and the fitness function was changed according to the system dynamic and steady states. The proposed optimization algorithm was compared with conventional PI control method in the condition of step speed change and stator resistance variation, which showed that the proposed online optimization method had better robustness and dynamic characteristics compared with conventional PI controller design.

A traveling wave fault location method for T-type transmission line based on combined traveling wave principle

SHAO Jian, WEI Peiyu, CHEN Ping, LIANG Fengqiang, MENG Chao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  117-123.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.294

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In order to solve the fault location problem of T-type transmission line, combined with the propagation characteristics of fault traveling wave in transmission line with T-type branch, a combined traveling wave ranging method of T transmission line was proposed. A traveling wave fault location method for T-type transmission line based on combined traveling wave principle was proposed. The theory of double end range was used to judge fault interval. The single-ended range principle was used to get the fault distance Compared with that the traditional T-type transmission line fault location method was mainly suitable for overhead line, the proposed method not only could be used for hybrid transmission lines, but also improve the ranging accuracy. The PSCAD simulation results showed the effectiveness and practicability of this method, which could improve the ranging accuracy and provide accurate and reliable distance measuring results.

Study on C-CBR integrated bioreactor for treatment of rural domestic sewage

LI Fazhan, ZHANG Shuai, ZHANG Jian, LIANG Shuang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  124-130.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.452

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In order to improve the rural water environment, the continuous-flow continuous biochemical reactor(C-CBR)integrated bioreactor for the treatment of rural domestic sewage was studied based on the basic of reversed A²/O process. The results showed that the C-CBR was operated under the condition of average temperature of 23 ℃, hydraulic retention time of 12.9 h and mixed solution reflux ratio of 400%. The average removal rates of COD, NH⁴₊-N, TN and TP were 74.3%,53.8%,50.1% and 60.3%, corresponding to the relative influent concentrations of 242, 35, 56 and 4.2 mg/L, respectively. The average concentrations of effluent were 60.6, 15.9, 27.1 and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. Effluent quality could meet the secondary standard of "Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant". The operating costs was calculated to be merely 0.55 RMB/t.

Inverse problems of pollution source identification based on Bayesian-DE

ZHANG Shuangsheng, QIANG Jing, LIU Xikun, LIU Hanhu, ZHU Xueqiang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2018, 48(1):  131-136.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.146

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Aiming at the inverse problem of water pollution of river with pollutant source discharged instantaneously, a methodical model was constructed based on Bayesian statistical method and two-dimensional water quality model. The posterior probability distribution of unknown parameters including source's position, intensity and discharging time was deduced. The parameters made the posterior probability density function reach the maximum value by the idea of maximum likelihood estimate and differential evolution algorithm(DE), which were viewed as the estimates of model parameters. The example showed that three estimate parameters could reach the stable state based on Bayesian-DE after 50 iterations, and correspond with truth values after 280 iterations. Compared with Bayesian-Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation(Bayesian-MCMC), 97.5% iterations of three estimate parameters reaching the stable state could be reduced, and the mean errors were decreased by 1.69%, 2.12% and 4.03% through the use of Bayesian-DE featuring rapid convergence and high accuracy.