山东大学学报 (工学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 55-65.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.301
Fengyu ZHOU(),Fang WAN*(),Jiancheng JIAO,Junjian BIAN
摘要:
针对家庭陪护机器人电池容量有限,工作环不连续的问题,设计一种基于机器人操作系统(robot operating system, ROS)的家庭陪护机器人自主充电分级对接系统。采用卡尔曼滤波算法将编码器数据和惯性测量单元(inertial measurement unit, IMU)数据进行融合,同时结合激光雷达数据并基于Rao-Blackwellized粒子滤波即时定位与构图(simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM)算法构建环境二维栅格地图;采用A*算法和动态窗口(dynamic window approach, DWA)算法进行全局路径规划和局部路径规划,使机器人行驶至充电站附近或所在房间;采用基于双重优先级的红外导航对接算法引导机器人驶向充电站,完成与充电站的精确对接。试验结果表明,该系统有效地解决了传统方法中充电距离有限的问题,并且具有较高的对接效率、成功率、准确度和环境普适性,完全满足家庭陪护机器人的充电需求,具有较好的应用价值。
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