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Table of Content

      
    20 August 2013
    Volume 43 Issue 4
    Articles
    Power grid emergency situation plotting technology based on GIS
    FU Zhong-liang, ZHOU Fan, LU Yue-feng
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  1-6. 
    Abstract ( 664 )   PDF (2393KB) ( 1512 )   Save
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    In order to effectively deal with the emergency operation accident of power grid system failure caused by disasters, based on GIS technology and grid emergency management theory,  a classification system of power grid emergency situation plotting elements was put forward, the symbol system and configuration method of traditional GIS were expanded. Then a power grid emergency situation plotting for automatic generation of decision model based on path selection algorithm was studied. By  constructing the 500kV 3D digital system of a province, the auxiliary emergency module was realized on this platform. The feasibility and effectiveness of the power grid emergency situation plotting technology was verified by the emergency drill of historical data.

    A classification method of halftone image
    WEN Zhi-qiang, ZHU Wen-qiu, HU Yong-xiang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  7-12. 
    Abstract ( 590 )   PDF (2157KB) ( 1124 )   Save
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    A classification method of halftone image over supervised manifolds learning were proposed for classification of halftone image according to the characteristic of halftone pattern. The autocorrelation coefficient of pixel on three direction and XNOR operation were used to act as the descriptor of texture feature. A feature extraction based on image patches were presented for reducing modeling time and improving feature efficiency. To enhance the discriminating ability of samples, the linear dimension reduction was conducted in high-dimensional feature space via supervised learning and creating model of noise sample pairs. In experiments, the efficiency problem of feature modeling was analyzed and the  performance comparisons were conducted between the proposed method and five similar methods. The influences of the two parameters on classification performance were also discussed. Experiment results showed that our methods could  get good classification performance if parameter K=32 and L=8 and was  superior to other five classification methods.

    Multi-modality image fusion based on sparse representation and PCNN
    LIN Zhe1, YAN Jing-wen2, YUAN Ye2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  13-17. 
    Abstract ( 657 )   PDF (2417KB) ( 1565 )   Save
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    A novel algorithm for image fusion was proposed based on sparse representation and PCNN (pulse coupled neural network). The bandelet transform was used to extract important information such as geometric flows and bandelet coefficients of the source image.Then geometric flows were fused by PCNN and optimized according to similarity of sparseness. Then, the  bandelet coefficients were updated and fused according to a rule of maximum absolute. Finally, the  inverse bandelet transform was applied for the fused image. The experimental results  showed that this algorithm could  effectively improve the fusion effect. The fusion image had clear edges, texture and excellent overall effect. Compared with the average algorithm, the Laplace pyramid algorithm and the WT-PCNN algorithm  based on wavelet transform and PCNN,  a proposed algorithm achieved the better average gray, standard deviation, average gradient and mutual information.

    Gene expression data classification of the extreme learning machine with misclassification cost and rejection cost
    AN Chun-lin1, LU Hui-juan1,2*, ZHENG En-hui3, WANG Ming-yi1, LU Yi4
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  18-25. 
    Abstract ( 646 )   PDF (1984KB) ( 1121 )   Save
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    To get the minimum misclassification of cost-sensitive classification, the algorithm of cost-sensitive extreme learning machine (CS-ELM) was proposed by using probability estimation and misclassification cost to reconstruct the classification results. Then the “rejection cost” was put into the above algorithm to further reduce the average misclassification cost. This algorithm was applied on the gene expression datasets and compared with extreme learning machine, cost-sensitive decision tree, cost-sensitive BP neural networks and cost-sensitive support vector machine. The experiments demonstrated that the CS-ELM embedded rejection cost could reduce the average misclassification cost better and could make the classification result more reliable.

    Transfer learning model based on classification consensus and  its application in pedestrian detection
    YU Li-ping1,2, TANG Huan-ling1,2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  26-31. 
    Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (1384KB) ( 1637 )   Save
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    Based on the classification consensus, a novel transfer learning model for a scene-specific pedestrian detector especially in video surveillance with stationary cameras was propose. According to boosting technology, the samples showed positive transferability in auxiliary data set were selected and added to the target data set. The entropy-based transferability measurement was derived from the consensus on the predictions of auxiliary classifications. Experimental results showed that the proposed approach could improve the detection rate, especially with the insufficient labeled data.

    Heterologous video copy-move forgery detection by fusing multiple features
    LI Fu-gui1,2, HUANG Tian-qiang1,2*, SU Li-chao1,2, SU Wei-feng3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  32-38. 
    Abstract ( 658 )   PDF (2275KB) ( 1538 )   Save
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    Compared with the conventional methods of video forgeries, such as frame insertion,frame deletion and double compression, copy-move forgery might change the content of a video directly. Therefore, a new algorithm was proposed to detect video copy-move forgery by fusing multiple features. For an intraframe copy-move tampered video, which may introduce a number of sharp transitions in frames such as lines, edges and corners. Phase congruency was known as a sensitive measure of these sharp transitions and hence was proposed as features for video forgery detection. Meanwhile, the duplicated blocks from the heterologous video could introduce different pattern noise. Therefore, the proposed algorithm could extract features of video frames from the pattern noise and 2-D phase congruency for video forgery detection, and then the merged multiple features were experimented with the support vector machine (SVM). Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm could detect video of intra-frame copy-move forgery effectively.

    Counting heads from bus video streams under uncontrolled conditions
    ZHANG Guo-hua, TAN Xiao-yang*, CHEN Song-can
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  39-45. 
    Abstract ( 578 )   PDF (2012KB) ( 1771 )   Save
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    A novel method for head counting was presented based on the video streams coming from the single-camera installed on the roof of buses. The key idea of this method was based on the principal of count-by-detection method while taking account other sources of information available. First, a fast and effective head detection method was proposed using multi-modal feature sets, including CENTRIST and LBP. Second, a decision for a valid head count was made by fusing the information from head motion and the prior knowledge of the length of time needed for an event of interested. Extensive experiments on a series of video streams collected under real-life scenarios demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

    A kind of inverse resolution learning expression
    XIE Lin1, YIN Xi-yao2, LI Fan-zhang3, WU Jia3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  46-50. 
    Abstract ( 944 )   PDF (851KB) ( 1464 )   Save
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    To solve the dynamic fuzzy problems, a kind of inverse resolution learning expression  based on dynamic fuzzy logic was given by the design principle of “bottom-up”. It used dynamic fuzzy predicate logic to describe the learning problem, and calculated the assumption by learning algorithm. The example proved the effectivity of this algorithm. It also found a method of cognitive rule from general to specific.

    Visual self-localization of biped robot based on artificial landmark
    DING Na-na, TIAN Guo-hui*, LI Guo-dong, ZHANG Qing-bin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  51-56. 
    Abstract ( 602 )   PDF (2193KB) ( 1479 )   Save
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    To solve self-localization problem of a biped robot in indoor environment such as home or office, a novel method which adopts homography decomposition from world plane was proposed. First, a new kind of artificial landmark, AR-mark, is designed, and feature points are mainly extracted by the color-based segmentation. Along with the feature points matching with the space 3D points in world space, homography from world plane is calculated by direct linear variation (DLT) method. Finally, the position and pose parameters expressed relative to the landmark frame of the biped robot are obtained using homography decomposition to realize robot self-localization. The experimental results show that the designed AR-mark artificial landmark can be easily recognized with rich environment information. Moreover, the proposed method has high positioning accuracy to assist the biped robot to accomplish the indoor self-localization task.

    Modeling for traffic overflow control and its simulation on urban arterial roads
    WANG Qing-yan, ZHU Wen-xing*, SHI Xiao-wei, LI Ning
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  57-61. 
    Abstract ( 616 )   PDF (1477KB) ( 1597 )   Save
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    The queue dissipate velocity was estimated by shockwaves theory and the maximum queue was deduced by the cumulative method. Between start time of a cycle to the maximum queue time of the downstream intersection,  the threshold of offset model was derived when a spillover was happening by  the basic physical principle that arrival vehicles add initial vehicles equal vehicles dissipated from the downstream. Traffic flow of a link and link queue with a same traffic flow were changed,  and the offset thresholds were calculated respectively. Results showed the model could  avoid traffic spillovers effectively.

    On controllability and stability of switched logical control networks
    PAN Jin-feng, ZHAO Jian-li*, FU Shi-hua
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  62-67. 
    Abstract ( 629 )   PDF (865KB) ( 1800 )   Save
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    The reachability and controllability of multi-valued switched logical control networks and mixed-valued switched logical control networks were investigated. Frist, the switching-input-state incidence matrix was used to anylysis controllability and stability of multi-valued switched logical control networks. Then the sufficient and necessary conditions were obtained for the controllability and stability of multi-valued switched logical control networks. Second, the reachability and controllability of mixvalued switched logical control networks were studied. Finally, a example was given to illustrate the efficiency of the obtained results.

    Study on numerical simulation and stability analysis shallow buried tunnel excavation under unsymmetrical  pressure
    L Guo-ren1, SUI Bin2, WANG Yong-jin1, WU Jian-quan3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  68-73. 
    Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (1572KB) ( 1151 )   Save
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    Shallow buried and unsymmetrical loaded section of tunnel have a great impact on surrounding rock stability and ground support structure, which could lead to the happening of collapses in tunnel excavation at these sections. The method of FLAC3D was employed to conduct numerical analysis of construction process on shallow buried and unsymmetrical loaded Xiejiahe section in Yanhai expressway. Thus, the deformation and stress variation condition of surrounding rock and supporting structure on Xiejiahe tunnel were gained under different excavation procedures. Based on measurement result of cross-sections from field monitoring, the mechanic characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting structure on shallow buried and unsymmetrical loaded Xiejiahe section were gained by data collection and calculation to analyze the surrounding rock stability. The conclusion could provide a reliable method for the successful construction of Xiejiahe tunnel, which could also afford technical reference for tunnel design and construction of similar geological situation.

    Mechanical responses of asphalt pavement structure with a crack under wheel load
    ZHU Deng-yuan1, 2, YAO Zhan-yong2*
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  74-79. 
    Abstract ( 439 )   PDF (1923KB) ( 1622 )   Save
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    The mechanical responses of pavement with a crack under standard wheel load were discussed. The three-dimensional model of pavement structure with a crack was built with Abaqus6.10 program. The Coulomb friction model was used to simulate the behavior of the pavement crack under load. Surface deflections of the pavement, tension stress to the layer bottom of the base and asphalt pavement, were calculated. The result demonstrated that the tension and compression stress parallel to the crack direction along the depth of the pavement structure with crack were both increased under wheel load, and the peak tension stress of cement stabilized base appeared at the wheel load near to the crack. The pavement structure would be destroyed due to the tension stress parallel to crack first, and the capacity to transfer load and integrity of the pavement would be reduced with the crack. The impact of the crack should be taken into account in pavement structure design.

    Settlement-controlling and pressure-reduction effect of pervious concrete pile  under the action of embankment load
    ZHANG Na1,2, CUI Xin-zhuang1,2*, ZHANG Jiong1,2, ZHOU Ya-xu1,2, GAO Zhi-jun1,2, SUI Wei1,2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  80-86. 
    Abstract ( 586 )   PDF (2572KB) ( 1537 )   Save
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    With the advantages of both high strength of rigid pile and large permeability of granular pile, pervious concrete pile was suitable for reinforcing foundation. In order to study the settlement-controlling and pressure-reduction effect, based on finite element method and Biot′s consolidation theory, the excess pore water pressure, pile-soil stress ratio, horizontal displacement and settlement of pervious concrete pile composite foundation under the loading of embankment were studied, and compared with those of gravel pile composite foundation and plain concrete pile composite foundation. It was found that the excess pore water pressure in the pervious concrete pile composite foundation was induced by the loading of embankment dissipated quickly, which showed that the pervious concrete pile had significant pressure-reduction effect. Furthermore, the pervious concrete pile composite foundation had the minimum horizontal displacement and post-construction settlement, which proved that the pervious concrete pile could evidently reduce the settlement of foundation. Therefore, the pervious concrete pile was particularly suitable for reinforcing foundation with poor water permeability and large post-construction settlement.

    Properties and applications of the roots of theories in propositional logic systems
    ZHANG Jian-cheng, SU Lian-ta
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  87-92. 
    Abstract ( 603 )   PDF (863KB) ( 1333 )   Save
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    By means of theory of truth degrees of formulas, the properties of the generalized roots of theories in classical two-valued logic system, lukasiewicz propositional logic, Gdel propositional logic, and the R0-propositional logic were first studied according to deduction theorems. Then, it was proved that all consequences of a theory Γ, named D(Γ), were completely determined by its generalized root whenever Γ had a generalized root. Finally, a new algorithm of divergence degree, consistency degree, and Membership degree of  Γ-conclusion was obtained.

    Study on oligomerization of α-olefins based on alkylimidazolium ionic liquids catalyst
    GAO Cong-cong1, ZHANG Da-wei1, WANG Yan2, XU Da-wei3, ZHANG Chang-qiao1, YU Ping1*
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  93-98. 
    Abstract ( 503 )   PDF (1238KB) ( 1583 )   Save
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    The low viscosity poly-α-olefin synthetic base oil was prepared from 1-decene. The effects of conditions and the catalyst on the poly-α-olefin synthetic base oil were studied, such as the molar ratio between anion and cation, the content of catalyst, reaction temperature and reaction time.The molecular structures of PAO were characterized by IR, and the physical and chemical properties were tested by flash point apparatus, etc. The thermal stability of PAO was analyzed by TA. The results showed the better experimental conditions, they were,the molar ratio between [Bmim]Cl and AlCl3was 1.0:2.5,the mass fraction of catalyst was 7%, the reaction temperature was 80℃ and the reaction time was 4h. The synthesized PAO was of excellent physical properties, chemical properties, and thermal stabilities, which had long side-chain and regular structures.

    Establishment and application of cleaner production evaluation index system for the oil refining industry
    ZHANG Yan-fei1, CUI Zhao-jie1*, WANG Xiao-fei1, ZHU Li2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  99-104. 
    Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (844KB) ( 1357 )   Save
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    For the shortage of scientific and reasonable cleaner production evaluation index system in the oil refining industry, a cleaner production evaluation index system including raw materials, resource utilization, pollutant generation and emission, management, products and economy was established. The application of the comprehensive evaluation index method was evaluated in three oil refineries with different scales and processes from cleaner production level. Results indicated that refineries with larger-scale and advanced technology had higher cleaner production level. This index system could also be used to evaluate cleaner production level of the whole industry in order to discover the cleaner production potential and to guide the development of the industry.

    Model of leakage fault diagnosis for the pipe network of hotwater district heating
    ZHOU Shou-jun1,2,3, GUO Min1, SUN Hao-sen1, KONG Fan-li4
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE). 2013, 43(4):  105-110. 
    Abstract ( 508 )   PDF (1510KB) ( 1419 )   Save
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    To reduce leakage faults and improve the efficiency of fault detection for hot-water district heating network, a hydraulic-condition calculation model of node leakage was established based on the network graph theory, which adopted plane topology of a heating network, and could simulate and predict its leakage conditions. Aiming to the fixed pump head of the simulated network, the hydraulic conditions of different leakage nodes and different leakage rate at supply and return water main pipelines were analyzed. Finally, it was found that users’ pressure and flow decreased when the supply pipeline leaked, and the leakage of return pipeline caused opposite results. Whatever, the neighboring was influenced more than others for users before the leakage-node, the while users behind the leakage-node changed in the same and the changing extent exceeded the former.