您的位置:山东大学 -> 科技期刊社 -> 《山东大学学报(工学版)》

山东大学学报 (工学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 114-121.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2021.372

• 其他 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于微元离散模型的螺旋挤压脱水效率分析

郭鹏宁(),刘巍,袁浩,冯硕,王延刚*()   

  1. 山东大学机电与信息工程学院, 山东 威海 264200
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-19 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 王延刚 E-mail:gpn@mail.sdu.edu.cn;wangyg@sdu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郭鹏宁(1998—),男,黑龙江大庆人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为机电装备设计研发。E-mail: gpn@mail.sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划(2019GSF109059)

Analysis of screw extrusion dehydration efficiency based on micro element discrete model

Pengning GUO(),Wei LIU,Hao YUAN,Shuo FENG,Yangang WANG*()   

  1. School of Mechanical, Electrical & Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-07-19 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-02-13
  • Contact: Yangang WANG E-mail:gpn@mail.sdu.edu.cn;wangyg@sdu.edu.cn

摘要:

为研究螺旋挤压机构中各参数对餐厨垃圾脱水效率的影响, 构建一种联系物料特性与螺旋挤压装置参数的微元离散模型, 结合数值模拟方式, 对物料初始含水率、物料填充程度、螺旋叶片形式以及螺旋转速4个影响装置脱水效率的因素进行理论计算。在构建模型过程中, 利用正交试验分析方法, 筛选出脱水效率相对最优的参数方案, 为螺旋挤压机构的设计选型提供了理论依据。计算结果表明: 螺旋转速和物料填充程度对装置脱水效率的影响显著, 最高脱水率高达40%和40.6%;物料初始含水率和螺旋叶片形式对装置脱水效率影响较小, 最高脱水率仅为16.6%和14.8%。正交试验结果表明: 物料初始含水率为80%, 物料填充系数为75%, 螺旋转速为15 r/min的变螺距螺旋叶片结构, 物料末端含水率为69.7%, 综合考虑能源消耗、工作效率以及性价比等因素, 该参数在实际工况中最有优势。

关键词: 餐厨垃圾, 螺旋挤压, 离散模型, 固液分离, 数值模拟

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of screw extrusion mechanism on the dewatering efficiency of food waste, a micro element discrete model connecting material characteristics and screw extrusion device parameters was constructed, combined with numerical simulation, the four factors affecting the dehydration efficiency of the unit, such as the initial moisture content of materials, the filling degree of materials, the form of spiral blades and the spiral speed, were theoretically calculated. In the process of building the model, the parameter scheme with relatively optimal dehydration efficiency was selected by using the analysis method of orthogonal test. The conclusion provided a theoretical basis for the design and selection of screw extrusion mechanism. The calculation results showed that the screw speed and material filling degree had a significant impact on the dehydration efficiency of the unit, and the maximum dehydration rates were up to 40% and 40.6%. The initial moisture content of materials and the form of spiral blades had little influence on the dehydration efficiency of the unit, and the maximum dehydration rates were only 16.6% and 14.8%. The orthogonal test results showed that the moisture content at the end of the material was 69.7% for variable pitch helical blade structure, under the condition that the initial moisture content of the material was 80%, the material filling coefficient was 75%, and the screw speed was 15 r/min. Considering the factors such as energy consumption, work efficiency and cost performance, the parameter condition had the most advantages in the actual working conditions.

Key words: food waste, screw extrusion, discrete model, solid-liquid separation, numerical simulation

中图分类号: 

  • TH122

图1

螺旋挤压机构"

图2

螺旋挤压机构建模图"

图3

螺旋挤压机构线架图"

图4

微元段i渗流模型"

图5

第i微元段固液分离计算过程"

图6

微元段的参数传递"

表1

螺旋参数"

常规螺距p/mm 螺旋叶片直径d/mm 叶片外径D/mm
80 40 80
流道长度l/mm 螺旋厚度e/mm 螺旋升角φ/(°)
480 3.5 27.26
变径锥角θ/(°) 变螺距p/mm
2.29 55、65、75、85、95、105

图7

物料初始含水率对脱水效率的影响"

图8

物料填充系数对脱水效率的影响"

图9

螺旋形式对脱水效率的影响"

图10

螺旋转速对脱水效率的影响"

表2

结构参数正交水平表"

因素水平 初始含水率/% 填充系数/% 螺旋形式 螺旋转速/(r·min-1)
1 95 80 类型1 15
2 90 75 类型2 20
3 85 70 类型3 25
4 80 65 类型4 30

表3

四因素四水平正交试验数据表"

因素试验号 因素水平
初始含水率 填充系数 螺旋形式 螺旋转速
1 1 1 1 1
2 1 2 2 2
3 1 3 3 3
4 1 4 4 4
5 2 1 2 3
6 2 2 1 4
7 2 3 4 1
8 2 4 3 2
9 3 1 3 4
10 3 2 4 3
11 3 3 1 2
12 3 4 2 1
13 4 1 4 2
14 4 2 3 1
15 4 3 2 4
16 4 4 1 3

图11

常规螺旋叶片结构下正交参数的分析结果"

图12

变径螺旋叶片结构下正交参数的分析结果"

图13

变螺距螺旋叶片结构下正交参数的分析结果"

图14

变径变螺距螺旋叶片结构下正交参数的分析结果"

1 王凯军, 王婧瑶, 左剑恶, 等. 我国餐厨垃圾厌氧处理技术现状分析及建议[J]. 环境工程学报, 2020, 14 (7): 1735- 1742.
WANG Kaijun , WANG Jingyao , ZUO Jian'e , et al. Analysis and suggestion of current food waste anaerobic digestion technology in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2020, 14 (7): 1735- 1742.
2 饶玲华, 李军. 餐厨垃圾资源化处理方案对比分析[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2016, 39 (2): 237- 240.
RAO Linghua , LI Jun . Analysis and comparison of food waste resource treatment technologies[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016, 39 (2): 237- 240.
3 SRIVASTAVA N , SRIVASTAVA M , ABD_ALLAH E F , et al. Biohydrogen production using kitchen waste as the potential substrate: a sustainable approach[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 271, 129537.
doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129537
4 CAPSON-TOJO G , TRABLY E , ROUEZ M , et al. Dry anaerobic digestion of food waste and cardboard at different substrate loads, solid contents and co-digestion proportions[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 233, 166- 175.
doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.126
5 XU F , LI Y , GE X , et al. Anaerobic digestion of food waste: challenges and opportunities[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 247, 1047- 1058.
doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.020
6 班福忱, 孙晓昕, 刘鑫, 等. 自动分选+固液分离+油水分离工艺餐厨垃圾处理工程[J]. 环境工程, 2016, 34 (8): 145- 148.
BAN Fuchen , SUN Xiaoxin , LIU Xin , et al. Introduction to a food waste treatment project with automatic sorting, solid-liquid separation, and oil-water separation process[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2016, 34 (8): 145- 148.
7 ROSTI M E , PRAMANIK S , BRANDT L , et al. The breakdown of Darcy's law in a soft porous material[J]. Soft Matter, 2020, 16 (4): 939- 944.
doi: 10.1039/C9SM01678C
8 李鑫. 基于挤出理论的螺旋挤压脱水机机理研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2011.
LI Xin. Mechanisim study of screw sqeezer based on extrud theory[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2011.
9 WAKEMAN R J . Separation technologies for sludge dewatering[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, 144 (3): 614- 619.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.084
10 KUHN M , PERGAM P , BRIESEN H . Parameter estimation for incompressible cake filtration: advantages of a modified fitting method[J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 2020, 43 (3): 493- 501.
11 杨阳. 高黏度物料固液挤压分离技术与装备研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2018.
YANG Yang. Research on solid-liquid extrusion separation technology and equipment for high viscosity materials[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2018.
12 赵扬. 滤饼微观结构与压榨过滤理论的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2006.
ZHAO Yang. Study on the microstructure of the filter cake and the expression filtration theory[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2006.
13 孙明文. 一维恒压压榨脱水理论在过滤机中应用[J]. 机械设计与制造, 2006, 3 (3): 49- 51.
SUN Mingwen . The application of one-dimensional constant pressure expression and dewatering theory in filter[J]. Machinery Design and Manufacture, 2006, 3 (3): 49- 51.
14 邱爱红, 龚曙光, 谢桂兰, 等. 变径变螺距螺旋轴参数化模型及性能仿真[J]. 机械工程学报, 2008, 44 (5): 131- 136.
QIU Aihong , GONG Shuguang , XIE Guilan , et al. Parametric model and performance simulation on the screw conveyor of variable diameters and variable pitches[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2008, 44 (5): 131- 136.
15 武军, 范德顺. 间断式螺旋挤压过滤机[J]. 过滤与分离, 2008, 18 (1): 36- 37.
WU Jun , FAN Deshun . Interrupted screw filter[J]. Journal of Filtration & Separation, 2008, 18 (1): 36- 37.
16 HILLIG É , IWAKIRI S , HASELEIN C R , et al. Characterization of composites made of HDPE and furniture industry sawdust: Part Ⅱ: double-screw extrusion[J]. Ci ncia Florestal, 2011, 21 (2): 335- 347.
17 李佟, 李军, 刘伟岩, 等. 螺旋压榨式脱水机对污泥脱水的试验研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2009, 25 (11): 66- 68.
LI Tong , LI Jun , LIU Weiyan , et al. Experimental research on sludge dewatering by screw press dehydrator[J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2009, 25 (11): 66- 68.
18 PRADHAN R C , MISHRA S , NAIK S N , et al. Oil expression from Jatropha seeds using a screw press expeller[J]. Biosystems Engineering, 2011, 109 (2): 158- 166.
19 赵维松. 螺旋挤压固液分离机构优化设计与试验[D]. 南京: 中国农业科学院, 2017.
ZHAO Weisong. Organization design and experiments of screw separator[D]. Nanjing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2017.
20 ZHANG H R , ZHANG B . Research on screw-extrusion dehydration technology and equipment in recycling process of urban garbage[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015, 768, 273- 280.
21 张龙龙. 秸秆螺旋挤压脱水机的数值模拟研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2015.
ZHANG Longlong. Numerical simulation on screw extruder of straw[D]. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou Univer-sity, 2015.
22 王延刚, 常皓, 王金帅, 等. 一种餐厨垃圾处理装置: 202010659259.2[P]. 2020-09-25.
23 孙邦雨. 城市餐厨垃圾固液分离技术与装备研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2017.
SUN Bangyu. Research on municipal food waste solid-liquid separation and facility development[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2017.
24 CERVON N W , HARPER J M . Viscosity of an intermediate moisture dough[J]. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 1978, 2 (1): 83- 95.
[1] 孙杰,张宏博,程钰,刘羽,张洪波,刘志鲲. 基于TDA填料的废旧轮胎条带加筋砂土边坡承载特性[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2023, 53(1): 49-59.
[2] 牛犇,张新伟,周玉,李婧,徐兴全,张一鸣. 基于连续-非连续元降雨工况三维边坡稳定性分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2023, 53(1): 92-99.
[3] 张一鸣,李赟鹏,李婧,丛俊余. 孔隙裂隙介质多场耦合数值计算进展[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2022, 52(6): 63-78.
[4] 郑卫琴,许杰,孙杰,武科. 复合地层TBM隧道管片受力特征[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2022, 52(4): 210-213.
[5] 章清涛,刘晓威,高健,孙玉海,闫庆亮,刘源,王昊. 坡顶荷载作用下废旧轮胎条带加筋边坡承载特性[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2022, 52(3): 70-79.
[6] 刘舫辰,石岩,李元鲁,王湛,杜文静,季万祥. 用于燃煤电厂的低温省煤器前烟道流动及磨损特性[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2022, 52(3): 100-108.
[7] 郑俊峰,陈晓燕,马正,陈青. 土石坝加固拓宽坝体变形及稳定性分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2022, 52(1): 85-92.
[8] 田利,毕文哲,SIDDIQUISarim Saleem,刘凯悦. 建筑结构抗下击暴流研究综述[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(5): 32-41.
[9] 卢光兆,周博,徐锋,上官伟,王刚,张书博. 浅埋偏压隧道进洞施工围岩稳定分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(4): 61-70.
[10] 王春国. 复合地层全断面硬岩隧道掘进机下穿立交桥研究[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(3): 45-51.
[11] 王春国. 硬岩隧道施工通风系统优化与抑尘效果评价[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(3): 52-60.
[12] 孙杰,武科,郑扬,李树忱,袁超,王修伟. 城市地铁TBM隧道掘进诱发既有建筑物变形的空间属性效应[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(1): 32-38.
[13] 徐再根,刘正伟,刘文棚,周梦瑶,刘俊才,田利. 输电塔单双角钢过渡节点计算方法[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(1): 87-93.
[14] 苏思博,王国清,贾献卓,李志聪,黄志刚. 剪跨比对插槽式连接空心管墩抗震性能影响[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2021, 51(1): 39-45.
[15] 闫吉庆,王效嘉,田茂诚. 含不凝气蒸汽在锯齿形表面的凝结传热特性[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2020, 50(6): 129-134.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 王素玉,艾兴,赵军,李作丽,刘增文 . 高速立铣3Cr2Mo模具钢切削力建模及预测[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2006, 36(1): 1 -5 .
[2] 张永花,王安玲,刘福平 . 低频非均匀电磁波在导电界面的反射相角[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2006, 36(2): 22 -25 .
[3] 李 侃 . 嵌入式相贯线焊接控制系统开发与实现[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2008, 38(4): 37 -41 .
[4] 施来顺,万忠义 . 新型甜菜碱型沥青乳化剂的合成与性能测试[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2008, 38(4): 112 -115 .
[5] 孔祥臻,刘延俊,王勇,赵秀华 . 气动比例阀的死区补偿与仿真[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2006, 36(1): 99 -102 .
[6] 来翔 . 用胞映射方法讨论一类MKdV方程[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2006, 36(1): 87 -92 .
[7] 余嘉元1 , 田金亭1 , 朱强忠2 . 计算智能在心理学中的应用[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2009, 39(1): 1 -5 .
[8] 李梁,罗奇鸣,陈恩红. 对象级搜索中基于图的对象排序模型(英文)[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2009, 39(1): 15 -21 .
[9] 陈瑞,李红伟,田靖. 磁极数对径向磁轴承承载力的影响[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(2): 81 -85 .
[10] 王波,王宁生 . 机电装配体拆卸序列的自动生成及组合优化[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2006, 36(2): 52 -57 .