基于微元离散模型的螺旋挤压脱水效率分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2021.372

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究螺旋挤压机构中各参数对餐厨垃圾脱水效率的影响, 构建一种联系物料特性与螺旋挤压装置参数的微元离散模型, 结合数值模拟方式, 对物料初始含水率、物料填充程度、螺旋叶片形式以及螺旋转速4个影响装置脱水效率的因素进行理论计算。在构建模型过程中, 利用正交试验分析方法, 筛选出脱水效率相对最优的参数方案, 为螺旋挤压机构的设计选型提供了理论依据。计算结果表明: 螺旋转速和物料填充程度对装置脱水效率的影响显著, 最高脱水率高达40%和40.6%;物料初始含水率和螺旋叶片形式对装置脱水效率影响较小, 最高脱水率仅为16.6%和14.8%。正交试验结果表明: 物料初始含水率为80%, 物料填充系数为75%, 螺旋转速为15 r/min的变螺距螺旋叶片结构, 物料末端含水率为69.7%, 综合考虑能源消耗、工作效率以及性价比等因素, 该参数在实际工况中最有优势。

关键词: 餐厨垃圾, 螺旋挤压, 离散模型, 固液分离, 数值模拟

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of screw extrusion mechanism on the dewatering efficiency of food waste, a micro element discrete model connecting material characteristics and screw extrusion device parameters was constructed, combined with numerical simulation, the four factors affecting the dehydration efficiency of the unit, such as the initial moisture content of materials, the filling degree of materials, the form of spiral blades and the spiral speed, were theoretically calculated. In the process of building the model, the parameter scheme with relatively optimal dehydration efficiency was selected by using the analysis method of orthogonal test. The conclusion provided a theoretical basis for the design and selection of screw extrusion mechanism. The calculation results showed that the screw speed and material filling degree had a significant impact on the dehydration efficiency of the unit, and the maximum dehydration rates were up to 40% and 40.6%. The initial moisture content of materials and the form of spiral blades had little influence on the dehydration efficiency of the unit, and the maximum dehydration rates were only 16.6% and 14.8%. The orthogonal test results showed that the moisture content at the end of the material was 69.7% for variable pitch helical blade structure, under the condition that the initial moisture content of the material was 80%, the material filling coefficient was 75%, and the screw speed was 15 r/min. Considering the factors such as energy consumption, work efficiency and cost performance, the parameter condition had the most advantages in the actual working conditions.

Key words: food waste, screw extrusion, discrete model, solid-liquid separation, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TH122

郭鹏宁,刘巍,袁浩,冯硕,王延刚. 基于微元离散模型的螺旋挤压脱水效率分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2023, 53(1): 114-121.

Pengning GUO,Wei LIU,Hao YUAN,Shuo FENG,Yangang WANG. Analysis of screw extrusion dehydration efficiency based on micro element discrete model[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2023, 53(1): 114-121.

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常规螺距p/mm	螺旋叶片直径d/mm	叶片外径D/mm
80	40	80

流道长度l/mm	螺旋厚度e/mm	螺旋升角φ/(°)
480	3.5	27.26

变径锥角θ/(°)		变螺距p/mm

2.29		55、65、75、85、95、105

因素水平	初始含水率/%	填充系数/%	螺旋形式	螺旋转速/(r·min^-1)
1	95	80	类型1	15
2	90	75	类型2	20
3	85	70	类型3	25
4	80	65	类型4	30

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