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山东大学学报 (工学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 114-118.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.670

• • 上一篇    

铅酸蓄电池全生命周期的水足迹

张瑞瑞,马逍天,洪静兰,常景彩*   

  1. 山东大学环境科学与工程学院, 山东 青岛 266237
  • 发布日期:2020-08-13
  • 作者简介:张瑞瑞(1995— ),女,山东德州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为生命周期评价. E-mail:zhangruirui_sdu@outlook.com. *通信作者简介:常景彩(1977— ),女,山东济南人,高级实验师,硕士生导师,博士,主要研究方向为烟气净化,过程优化与生命周期全过程影响评价等. E-mail: changjingcai@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0206702);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71671105;71974113)

Water footprint of lead-acid battery throughout the whole life cycle

ZHANG Ruirui, MA Xiaotian, HONG Jinglan, CHANG Jingcai*   

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
  • Published:2020-08-13

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摘要： 为量化铅酸蓄电池从原料开采到综合回收利用的全生命周期过程产生的水足迹影响,基于生命周期评价理论的水足迹分析方法对周期过程产生的水足迹进行综合分析。使用SimaPro 8.4 软件对铅酸蓄电池制备、运输、使用、所消耗电力的生产和废旧电池回收利用过程进行水足迹影响分析,结果表明铅酸蓄电池生产制备和消耗电力的生产是两个最主要的水足迹影响过程,电池生产制备对水体富营养化、致癌性影响、淡水生态毒性和水稀缺影响显著,电力生产对酸性化和非致癌性影响有显著贡献。铜、铬、排入水体的磷酸盐和排入大气的二氧化硫等关键物质也主要来自于这两个过程。优化这两个主要过程有助于有效地减少铅酸蓄电池全生产链条的水足迹。

关键词: 铅酸蓄电池, 生命周期, 水足迹, 关键过程, 环境影响

Abstract: To quantify the water footprint impacts throughout the whole life cycle of lead-acid batteries from raw materials extraction to comprehensive recycling and reuse, a water footprint analysis based on life cycle assessment method was used to comprehensively analyze the water footprint generated by life cycle. SimaPro 8.4 software was used to analyze the water footprint impacts on lead-acid battery preparation, transportation, use, production of consumed electricity, and waste battery recycling processes. Results showed that lead-acid battery production and generation of consumed electricity were the two most important processes in water footprint analysis, among which the former had significant impact on aquatic eutrophication, carcinogens, freshwater ecotoxicity and water scarcity categories, while the latter had considerable contributions to acidification and non-carcinogens. In addition, key substances such as copper, chromium, phosphates discharged into water and sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere were mainly derived from these two processes. Optimizing these two main processes would help to reduce the water footprint of the lead-acid battery production chain effectively.

Key words: lead-acid battery, life cycle assessment, water footprint, key processes, environmental impact

中图分类号: 

  • X323
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