Q355钢对接焊缝残余应力施工控制数值模拟

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2025.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 装配式钢结构住宅目前大量运用焊接连接,焊接残余应力对结构质量存在不利影响。采用ABAQUS软件进行焊接模拟,比较事件序列法、生死单元法和场变量关联法作为焊缝激活方法的模拟效果,选择事件序列法以提高计算效率,并通过试验验证模拟方法的准确性。分别探究坡口形式、焊后热处理(保温温度、保温时间)和环境温度对Q355钢对接焊缝残余应力的影响,并给出施工控制建议。结果表明:U型坡口可抑制残余应力的产生,实际工程应结合加工成本选择坡口形式;提高保温温度和时间有利于残余应力的消除效果,推荐保温温度500 ℃和保温时间3 h为宜;低温有利于缩短焊接层间冷却时间,提高焊接效率,但考虑焊接质量,合理的环境温度应在5~20 ℃。

关键词: Q355钢, 焊接残余应力, 施工控制, 数值模拟, 事件序列法

Abstract: Welded connections are widely used in prefabricated steel residential structures, and residual stresses from welding adversely affect structural quality. Welding simulations were conducted using ABAQUS to compare the effectiveness of weld activation methods, including the event sequence method, element birth and death method, and field variable method. The event sequence method was selected to improve computational efficiency, and its accuracy was validated by experiment. The effects of groove shape, post-weld heat treatment(holding temperature and time), and ambient temperature on residual stress in Q355 steel butt welds were investigated. Results showed that U-shaped grooves suppressed residual stress, and the selection of groove shape should consider both stress control and processing cost. Increasing holding temperature and time improved stress relief, with 500 ℃ for 3 hours recommended. Lower ambient temperatures reduced interpass cooling time and improved welding efficiency, while a range of 5-20 ℃ was suggested to ensure welding quality.

Key words: Q355 steel, welding residual stress, construction control, numerical simulation, event sequence method

中图分类号:

TU391

张恒,郑扬,孙胤栋,武科,张茂勇,常昊. Q355钢对接焊缝残余应力施工控制数值模拟[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2026, 56(2): 82-95.

ZHANG Heng, ZHENG Yang, SUN Yindong, WU Ke, ZHANG Maoyong, CHANG Hao. Numerical simulation of construction control for residual stress in Q355 steel butt welds[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2026, 56(2): 82-95.

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