太阳能集热器驱动的吸收式制冷系统性能分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.155

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了合理利用太阳能,增强制冷系统的季节适应性,提出一种中温太阳能驱动的氨水吸收式制冷系统。以抛物面槽式太阳能集热器(parabolic trough solar collector, PTSC)驱动的氨水单效吸收式制冷系统为对象,根据热力学定律和能量平衡方程,在工程求解器(engineering equation solver, EES)下,分别建立太阳能集热器模型和制冷系统模型,并对系统的关键参数进行计算。从制冷量、精馏热和系统能效比(COP)三方面分析了系统高压、系统低压、蒸发器出口温度和精馏器出口质量分数对系统的影响。结果表明:制冷量随系统低压的升高而降低;精馏热及COP随系统低压的升高而增加;蒸发器的出口温度升高时,制冷量和COP均有增加;当精馏器出口氨的质量分数为0.977~0.999, COP在氨水质量分数为0.992时出现最大值。研究结果为太阳能驱动单级吸收式制冷循环的可行性提供了理论依据。

关键词: 太阳能, 抛物面槽式太阳能集热器, 制冷系统, 氨水工质, 系统能效比

Abstract:

In order to make rational use of solar energy, enhance the seasonal adaptability of the refrigeration system, a medium temperature solar driven ammonia water absorption refrigeration system was proposed. Based on the parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) driven ammonia single-effect absorption refrigeration system, according to the laws of thermodynamics and the energy balance equation, under the engineering equation solver (ESS), the solar collector model and the refrigeration system model were established respectively, and the key parameters of the system were calculated. The effects of system high pressure, system low pressure, evaporator outlet temperature and rectifier outlet mass fraction on the system were analyzed from three aspects: refrigeration capacity, rectification heat and coefficient of performance (COP). The results showed that the cooling capacity decreased with the increase of the system low pressure; the rectification heat and COP increased with the increasing of the system low pressure; when the outlet temperature of the evaporator rised, the cooling capacity and COP increased; when the rectifier mass fraction increased from 0.977 to 0.999, the COP showed a maximum when the ammonia mass fraction was 0.992. The results provided a theoretical basis for the feasibility of the single-stage absorption refrigeration cycle driven by solar energy.

Key words: solar energy, parabolic trough solar collector, ammonia-water, refrigeration system, COP

中图分类号:

TM911

王彤彤, 孙嘉楠, 张涛, 于泽庭, 殷纪强. 太阳能集热器驱动的吸收式制冷系统性能分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2019, 49(5): 58-63.

Tongtong WANG, Jianan SUN, Tao ZHANG, Zeting YU, Jiqiang YIN. Performance analysis for an absorption refrigeration system driven by parabolic trough solar collector[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2019, 49(5): 58-63.

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环境温度/℃	环境压力/MPa	IAM	PTSC开口宽度/m	PTSC长度/m	工质流速/(kg·h^-1)	单个集热器模块面积/m²	集热器模块数量/个	吸收器出口温度/℃	泵等熵效率/%
20	0.1	0.93	2.3	22.54	1 200	30	4	40.1	80

集热管出口温度/K	槽式聚光镜吸收的太阳能/(W·m^-1)	集热管能量损失/(W·m^-1)	集热器模块间压降/kPa	太阳能集热器效率/%	支架能量损失/kW	玻璃管能量损失/kW
369.84	1 040	117.9	0.567	42.43	43.029	20.81

状态点	压力/MPa	温度/K	ω(氨)/%	焓/(kJ·kg^-1)	熵/(kJ·K^-1)
1	0.288	313.1	0.397	50.0	0.461
2	1.555	313.2	0.397	48.8	0.460
3	1.555	397.2	0.297	358.0	1.562
4	0.280	350.0	0.297	358.0	1.617
5	1.555	374.9	0.958	1516.0	4.811
6	1.555	374.9	0.397	229.4	1.270
7	1.555	317.6	0.999	129 8	4.184
8	1.555	313.1	0.999	190.4	0.658
9	0.288	262.9	0.999	190.4	0.735
10	0.288	278.1	0.999	1293.0	4.907

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