Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 80-85.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2020.509

• Mechanical, Energy and Power Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

A machine vision system for measuring screw pitch with image processing techniques

Tianyu HAN(),Changhou LU*(),Jianmei LI,Ang YIN,Qiulin HOU   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-09-22 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-06-23
  • Contact: Changhou LU E-mail:201834001@mail.sdu.edu.cn;luchh@sdu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to solve problems of damage to workpiece and high-cost of measuring equipment by contact measuring method, a low-cost and high-precision screw pitch measuring system based on machine vision was designed. The system was built on MATLAB and consisted of four sub-systems: image acquisition system, mechanical system, stepping control system, image and data processing system. Sub-pixel mosaic algorithm was used to splice the sub-images of the lead screw and a complete lead screw image could be obtained. Image quality was improved by image enhancement and filtering. Morphological edge extraction and sub-pixel edge location algorithm were used to extract the screw edge accurately, and pitch errors were measured automatically by data processing program. The experimental results showed that the relative error of the machine vision system and standard instrument (JCS-040A) for the measurement results of the three types of ball screw pitches didn't exceed 0.04%、0.06%、0.09%, respectively. The feasibility of the system in industrial measurement of lead screw was validated.

Key words: screw, machine vision, pitch error, image mosaic, image processing

CLC Number: 

  • TH136

Fig.1

Composition of measurement system platform"

Fig.2

Technical route of measurement system"

Fig.3

Image mosaic process"

Fig.4

Gray distribution of screw edge"

Fig.5

Comparison of two contour extraction methods"

Fig.6

Pixel level edge detection of the screw"

Fig.7

Sub-pixel level edge detection of the screw"

Table 1

3 kinds of ball screw sample specific parameters"

丝杠型号 公称导程/ mm 公称直径/ mm 精度等级 丝杠全长/mm 实测长度/mm 任意2Π行程内行程变动量最大偏差ep/μm 指定行程内最大允差ep/μm
4210# 10 40 4 1002 355 7 18
2505-588-34# 5 25 3 588 375 6 13
3210# 10 30 4 600 370 7 18

Fig.8

Ball screw sample"

Fig.9

Laser dynamic stroke measuring instrument for ball screw"

Fig.10

Measurement results of 3 sample pitches by 2 methods"

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