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山东大学学报 (工学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 60-68.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2021.598

• 土木工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

围压作用下土-结构接触渗流特性

刘健1(),杨浩2,崔晓琳3   

  1. 1. 山东大学齐鲁交通学院, 山东 济南 250061
    2. 山东大学土建与水利学院, 山东 济南 250002
    3. 黄河水利委员会山东黄河河务局, 山东 济南 250011
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-07 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-07-07
  • 作者简介:刘健(1975—),男,山东梁山人,博士,教授,博导,主要研究方向为结构计算分析。E-mail:lj75@sdu.edu.cn

Seepage characteristics of soil-structure contact under confining pressure

Jian LIU1(),Hao YANG2,Xiaolin CUI3   

  1. 1. School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
    2. School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, Shandong, China
    3. Yellow River Shandong Bureau of Yellow River Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Jinan 250011, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-12-07 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-07-07

摘要:

针对土与结构接触渗流过程中颗粒流失问题, 基于渗流和围压联合作用下接触渗流破坏试验装置, 试验研究黏粒质量分数、围压、接触面粗糙程度3种因素对该条件下颗粒冲蚀过程的影响效果。渗流和围压联合作用下土-结构接触面颗粒冲蚀呈现渗流稳定阶段、颗粒迁移阶段、颗粒冲蚀阶段3个阶段。通过多因素方差分析计算3种因素对土-结构接触面颗粒冲蚀各条件指标的影响, 在95%置信区间内黏粒质量分数的影响性最大, 围压次之, 粗糙度最小; 采用准牛顿法进行公式拟合后, 提出接触面颗粒冲蚀条件影响公式。本研究成果可为含接触面基础设施设计提供数据支撑。

关键词: 接触渗流, 围压, 影响分析, 颗粒冲蚀, 破坏条件

Abstract:

To study the problem of particle loss in the process of contact seepage between soil-structure, a contact seepage failure test device under the combined action of seepage and pressure was designed. The effects of clay mass fraction, confining pressure and roughness of contact surface on particle erosion process under this condition were studied by experimental research. Under the combined action of seepage and pressure, three-stage phenomenon of particle erosion in contact seepage were appeared, which was seepage stability stage, particle migration stage and particle erosion stage respectively. The influence parameters of roughness, clay mass fraction and confining pressure on the particle erosion conditions of soil-structure interface were analyzed by multifactor analysis of variance. Considering the 95% confidence interval, the degree of influence, from large to small, was as follows: clay mass fraction, confining pressure, roughness. After fitting the formula by Quasi-Newton method, the formula of hydraulic conditions of particle erosion was put forward. The results could provide data support for infrastructure design with contact surface.

Key words: contact seepage, confining pressure, effect analysis, particle erosion, failure condition

中图分类号: 

  • TU43

图1

土-结构接触面渗透试验装置"

图2

试样及加载示意图"

表1

土样材料配比"

黏粒质量分数/% 不同颗粒粒径的石英粉质量分数/%
5 μm≤r<7.5 μm 7.5 μm≤r<12 μm 12 μm≤r<18 μm 18 μm≤r<35 μm 35 μm≤r<75 μm
5 45 20 10 10 10
9 41 20 10 10 10
12 38 20 10 10 10
15 35 20 10 10 10

表2

各类配比土样材料参数表"

土样编号 黏粒质量分数/% 塑限/% 液限/% 塑性指数 液性指数(含水率20%)
1-1 5 20.85 31.47 10.62 -0.08
1-2 9 20.66 32.18 11.52 -0.06
1-3 12 20.29 33.23 12.94 -0.02
1-4 15 19.88 34.46 14.57 0.01

表3

表面粗糙度处理标定参数"

编号 砂径/μm 压力/kPa 粗糙度/μm
1 1 000~1 250 600 75
2 630~800 600 65
3 630~800 400 55
4 500~630 400 45
5 1 000~1 250 300 35
6 630~800 300 20

表4

渗流和围压联合作用下渗透试验工况"

工况 试验因素
粗糙度/μm 黏粒质量分数/% 围压/kPa
1 55 5 50
2 55 5 80
3 55 5 120
4 55 5 150
5 55 9 50
6 55 9 80
7 55 9 120
8 55 9 150
9 55 12 50
10 55 12 80
11 55 12 120
12 55 12 150
13 55 15 50
14 55 15 80
15 55 15 120
16 55 15 150
17 35 15 120
18 65 15 120
19 75 15 120

图3

工况3、15、19试验结果"

表5

各条件指标对应试验结果"

工况 迁移水力/kPa 冲蚀水力/kPa 切向变形/mm 法向变形/mm
1 15 29 0.49 31.69
2 27 32 0.53 26.35
3 30 42 0.47 23.38
4 35 40 0.51 21.86
5 17 50 0.03 1.40
6 32 69 0.10 7.96
7 33 71 0.24 14.98
8 42 77 0.42 15.98
9 32 58 0.00 0.46
10 50 70 0.01 0.08
11 57 77 0.20 8.22
12 62 80 0.32 11.54
13 37 58 0.00 0.13
14 57 86 0.05 0.32
15 72 109 0.17 6.09
16 100 126 0.26 10.10
17 62 107 0.18 9.41
18 87 113 0.08 2.18
19 106 115 0.04 0.92

表6

迁移水力条件各因素方差分析表"

来源 偏差平方和 自由度 均方和 F
因素A 4 658.60 3 1 552.87 2.52
因素B 1 504.03 3 501.34 0.81
因素C 802.29 3 267.43 0.43
误差 5 547.61 9 616.40
总偏差 12 512.53 18

表7

冲蚀水力条件各因素方差分析表"

来源 偏差平方和 自由度 均方和 F
因素A 4 304.85 3 1 434.95 1.58
因素B 2 313.68 3 771.23 0.85
因素C 740.74 3 246.91 0.27
误差 8 165.26 9 907.25
总偏差 15 524.53 18

表8

切向变形条件各因素方差分析表"

来源 偏差平方和 自由度 均方和 F
因素A 0.054 3 0.018 0.35
因素B 0.100 3 0.033 0.65
因素C 0.030 3 0.010 0.19
误差 0.465 9 0.052
总偏差 0.650 18

表9

法向变形条件各因素方差分析表"

来源 偏差平方和 自由度 均方和 F
因素A 150.94 3 28.260 0.37
因素B 307.03 3 176.301 0.76
因素C 63.29 3 127.449 0.16
误差 1 219.71 9 40.317
总偏差 1 740.97 18

图4

黏粒质量分数对各条件指标影响趋势"

图5

围压对各条件指标影响趋势"

图6

粗糙度对各条件指标影响趋势σ=120 kPa、wC=15%时"

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