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山东大学学报 (工学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 1-13.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2022.237

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高比例可再生能源接入下电力系统惯量研究综述及展望

张恒旭1(),高志民1,曹永吉2,*(),秦昊1,杨冬3,马欢3   

  1. 1. 电网智能化调度与控制教育部重点实验室(山东大学), 山东 济南 250061
    2. 丹麦科技大学电气工程系电力与能源中心, 丹麦 灵比 2800
    3. 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院, 山东 济南 250003
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-27 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 曹永吉 E-mail:zhanghx@sdu.edu.cn;caoyong@dtu.dk
  • 作者简介:张恒旭, 1975年5月出生, 博士、教授、博士生导师, 主要研究方向为电力系统稳定分析与控制、电力系统监测和电力系统数值仿真, 山东大学研究生院副院长、电网智能化调度与控制教育部重点实验室主任、电动汽车电网接入技术国家工程实验室主任、教育部电气类教学指导委员会委员。《IET Energy Systems Integration》《International Journal of Protection and Control of Modern Power System》《电力系统自动化》编委、中国电机工程学会理事。
    张恒旭(1975—)，男，山东德州人，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为电力系统稳定分析与控制、电力系统监测和电力系统数值仿真。E-mail: zhanghx@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(52177096);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2021QE133)

Review and prospect of research on power system inertia with high penetration of renewable energy source

Hengxu ZHANG1(),Zhimin GAO1,Yongji CAO2,*(),Hao QIN1,Dong YANG3,Huan MA3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education (Shandong University), Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
    2. Center for Electric Power and Energy, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
    3. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan 250003, Shandong, China
  • Received:2022-06-27 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-10-20
  • Contact: Yongji CAO E-mail:zhanghx@sdu.edu.cn;caoyong@dtu.dk

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摘要：

在碳达峰和碳中和目标的推动下, 高比例可再生能源接入导致新型电力系统的低惯量特征突出。为保障电网安全稳定运行、支撑可再生能源消纳, 对电力系统惯量相关领域的研究进行综述与展望。阐述电力系统惯量的内涵, 探讨传统惯量、虚拟惯量和等效惯量间的关系, 剖析虚拟惯量控制的物理意义。从惯量来源的角度总结风机、光伏和储能等虚拟惯量控制技术的研究动态及成果, 并对电力系统惯量评估方法进行归纳梳理。总结电力系统惯量相关领域中亟待研究的重点内容并给出建议。

关键词: 可再生能源, 等效惯量, 惯量控制, 惯量评估, 频率动态响应

Abstract:

With the aim of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the integration of high-proportion renewable energy sources (RESs) makes the low-inertia characteristic of the new power system more obvious. In order to ensure power system security and stability, and support the integration of RESs, the research on the power system inertia was reviewed and prospected. The essence of the power system inertia was introduced, and the correlation among the conventional inertia, virtual inertia and equivalent inertia was discussed, on which the physical significance of the virtual inertia was revealed. From the viewpoints of the sources of inertia, the research on the virtual inertia control of the wind machine, photovoltaic generation, and energy storage system was summarized. Additionally, the assessment methods of power system inertia were reviewed. The important issues to be focused in the research area of power system inertia were summarized, and the suggestions for further studies were provided.

Key words: renewable energy, equivalent inertia, inertia control, inertia assessment, frequency dynamic response

中图分类号: 

  • TM712

图1

频率动态响应过程示意图"

图2

电力系统惯量构成示意图"

图3

风机虚拟惯量控制策略示意图"

图4

MPPT模式下光伏发电系统P-U特性曲线"

图5

光伏发电虚拟惯量来源示意图"

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