基于时间序列数据的交互式主题河流可视化

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.400

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

主题河流是一种常用的展示时间序列数据的可视化形式,能够有效展示多个主题的整体趋势,但由于下层河流的波动会干扰上层河流,因此用户在观察单个河流时容易产生歧义。而现有的可视化技术无法有效解决这个问题。针对上述传统主题河流存在的问题,提出如下改进方法:采用离散系数评价河流波动程度,将波动小的河流布局在下层,减少对上层河流的影响;提出歧义点概念,为用户提供波动强度和贡献度作为筛选参数,用户根据需求在交互接口中设置筛选参数,系统筛选出可能造成歧义的点在图中动态地进行标识;设计歧义点标识,标识内容包括:使用正三角或倒三角表示该点的峰谷信息;三角的颜色表示贡献度最高的主题信息;交互式主题河流重排序(用户根据歧义点信息,可通过拖拽对河流进行重新排序)。试验数据采用知乎网站的20个主题在2015年全年的活跃度信息,试验结果表明交互式主题河流能有效消除传统主题河流在展示河流趋势时产生的歧义,为用户提供更灵活、个性化的可视化展示。

关键词: 可视化, 主题河流, 时间序列, 离散系数, 交互

Abstract:

ThemeRiver was a widely used technique when visualizing time-series data, which showed the whole trend efficiently. But the user often encountered ambiguity when observing a single river due to the influence of the lower river. However, the current visualization technique couldn't solve the issue. The following improvements of ThemeRiver were proposed upon the above issue: The river fluctuation was evaluated by the coefficient of variance instead of standard deviation, and the rivers with smaller fluctuation were arranged in lower position in order to reduce the impact on the upper rivers; The concept of ambiguity point was proposed, and the user could set fluctuation and max contribution as filtering parameters in the user interface so that the ambiguity points would be dynamically displayed by the system; The ambiguity point was visualized as bellow(The peak and valley of a river were represented by triangle and inverted triangle, respectively; The triangles would be filled with the color of the river with max contribution; A reorderable interactive ThemeRiver was proposed, in which the user was able to reorder the rivers by dragging them according to the information given by the ambiguity points). The proposed method was applied on the data containing 20 themes of 2015 from Zhihu and the results showed that the system could efficiently eliminate the ambiguity of ThemeRiver when presenting the trend of a single river and provided a flexible and personalized visualization.

Key words: visualization, ThemeRiver, time-series, coefficient of variance, interaction

中图分类号:

TP391.1

陈馨菂, 李天瑞, 杨欢欢. 基于时间序列数据的交互式主题河流可视化[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2019, 49(4): 29-35.

Xindi CHEN, Tianrui LI, Huanhuan YANG. Visualization of interactive ThemeRiver based on time-series data[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2019, 49(4): 29-35.

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主题名称	主题id
教育	19553176
音乐	19550453
电影	19550429
美食	19551137
旅行	19551556
时尚	19551052
健身	19552192
游戏	19550994
动漫	19591985
商业	19555457

主题id	离散系数CV
19555457	4.575 840 95
19591985	4.441 672 33
19550994	3.925 709 49
19552192	3.375 679 73
19551052	3.188 013 32
19551137	2.710 706 00
19550429	2.419 658 42
19551556	2.845 386 74
19550453	2.152 558 57
19553176	1.974 204 42

河流层数	主题id(优化前)	主题id(优化后)
1	19555457	19553176
2	19591985	19550453
3	19550994	19550429
4	19552192	19551137
5	19551052	19551556
6	19551137	19551052
7	19550429	19552192
8	19551556	19550994
9	19550453	19591985
10	19553176	19555457

河流层数	离散系数(优化前)	离散系数(优化后)
1	4.575 841 02	1.97 420 440
2	3.229 129 29	1.685 311 05
3	3.144 264 85	1.460 933 59
4	2.539 484 20	1.369 912 87
5	2.011 793 01	1.293 206 15
6	1.720 135 10	1.216 612 53
7	1.668 863 66	1.164 085 16
8	1.536 073 65	1.169 589 10
9	1.454 528 34	1.220 944 50
10	1.195 745 47	1.195 745 47
均值	2.307 585 86	1.375 054 48