Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 124-136.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2025.058

• Civil Engineering • Previous Articles    

Research on the mechanism of Ordovician limestone water inrush from the floor induced by local goaf mining in deep multi-seam coal mines

Wang Wei1, He Enlei2,3, Liu Zewei1, Li Haiyan2,3*, Zhang Bo4, Yan Xianzhen1, Xia Maozhe2,3,Li Bingbing2,3   

  1. Wang Wei1, He Enlei2, 3, Liu Zewei1, Li Haiyan2, 3*, Zhang Bo4, Yan Xianzhen1, Xia Maozhe2, 3, Li Bingbing2, 3(1. CCTEG Xi'an Research Institute(Group)Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Tunnel Engineering(Shandong University), Jinan 250014, Shandong, China;
    3. Institute of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China;
    4. School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
  • Published:2026-10-19

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Abstract: This research was focused on Ordovician limestone water inrush accidents induced by local goaf mining formed in adjacent small coal mines within the Fengfeng Mining Area. It was aimed at revealing the characteristics of Ordovician limestone water inrush from the floor under local goaf mining conditions in deep multi-seam coal mines, and a corresponding targeted exploration and treatment technology was proposed. By combining theoretical calculation, numerical simulation, and engineering practice, a mechanical model for floor stress along the working face strike was constructed, and the floor failure characteristics and water inrush behavior were analyzed under different combinations of local goaf mining, including local goaf mining of the 4# coal seam only, combined local goaf mining of the 4# and 9# coal seams, and combined local goaf mining of the 4#, 6#, and 9# coal seams. The results showed that the direct floor of the goaf was mainly characterized by tensile failure, and the deep rock stratum and the advance abutment stress zone were mainly dominated by shear failure. The theoretical calculation results showed that the failure depths of 4 # coal, 6 # coal and 9 # coal floor were 31.8 m, 32.2 m and 32.7 m respectively, which were highly consistent with the standard formula and numerical simulation results. Further results indicated that when local goaf mining was limited to the 4# coal seam, or to the combined mining of the 4# and 9# coal seams, the water inrush coefficients obtained from theoretical calculation, empirical formulae specified in regulations, and numerical simulation ranged from 0.012 5 to 0.047 0 MPa/m, which were all lower than the critical threshold of 0.06 MPa/m, indicating no water inrush risk was identified. In contrast, when combined local goaf mining of the 4#, 6#, and 9# coal seams was conducted, the effective aquiclude thickness was sharply reduced to less than 4 m, and the water inrush coefficient was increased to 5.88-7.12 times the critical threshold(0.352 5-0.427 3 MPa/m), thereby forming a continuous failure pathway and posing an extremely high risk of Ordovician limestone water inrush. Based on the research results, a three-level exploration and treatment technology system of "regional positioning-targeted locking-precise plugging" was proposed. Through geophysical prospecting, abnormal areas were delineated, and through three-dimensional exploration using a vertical horizontal hole network and perfusion plugging technology, the water inrush and water inflow were successfully reduced to a safe range. The research outcome can be used as theoretical value and technical reference for the prevention and control of Ordovician limestone water disaster in deep mines.

Key words: deep well, multiple coal seams, floor failure depth, Ordovician limestone water inrush

CLC Number: 

  • TD745
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