Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4): 125-134.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2025.026

• Civil Engineering • Previous Articles    

The change of bearing performance of tunnel lining under corrosion condition

Liu Jian, Li Xiaohan, Deng Daojun, Kou Lei, Zhang Hanming*, Xie Quanyi   

  1. Liu Jian, Li Xiaohan, Deng Daojun, Kou Lei, Zhang Hanming*, Xie Quanyi(School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
  • Published:2026-08-12

Abstract: This study investigated the influence of steel reinforcement corrosion on the load-bearing performance of concrete linings. Pull-out tests were conducted to examine the effect of corrosion rate on the bond behavior between steel reinforcement and concrete. Based on the experimental results, numerical simulations were performed to model the bond-slip behavior between corroded steel bars and concrete. Concurrently, a tunnel load-bearing model was employed to analyze the degradation pattern of tunnel bearing capacity under reinforcement corrosion. The results indicated that the critical corrosion rate range for the combination of C40 concrete and HRB400 steel bars was further narrowed from 1%-3% to 1%-2%. An isometric pull-out model based on ABAQUS accurately predicted the bond-slip behavior under corrosion conditions. Furthermore, the tunnel load-bearing model revealed that when corrosion occurred at the right arch springing position, the surface stress on the left side of the tunnel lining remained essentially unchanged, whereas the stresses at the right arch shoulder and right arch haunch first decreased and then increased with increasing corrosion rate. The surface stress at the right arch springing initially increased and then decreased. The tunnel load-bearing model also demonstrated that reinforcement corrosion exceeding 1% at the right arch springing deteriorated the tunnel's bearing capacity. It was predicted that when the corrosion rate of the reinforcement at this location reached 15%, the safety factors at the left and right arch springings and the right arch haunch would fall below the required value of 2.0 as specified in the relevant code, indicating a loss of safe load-bearing capacity.

Key words: rebar corrosion, bond slip, tunnel lining, structural analysis, numerical simulation

CLC Number: 

  • TU37
[1] 杨朝帅, 崔臻, 牛富生, 等. 隧道衬砌病害对结构安全性影响机理研究[J]. 水利与建筑工程学报, 2023, 21(4): 180-186. Yang Chaoshuai, Cui Zhen, Niu Fusheng, et al. Influence mechanism on structural safety by tunnel liner diseases[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, 2023, 21(4): 180-186.
[2] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan. Statistical report on tunnel safety accidents[EB/OL].(2014-11-25)[2024-10-10]. https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001061636.pdf
[3] JTG H12—2015 公路隧道养护技术规范[S].
[4] Alsulaimani G J, Kaleeullah M, Basunbul I A, et al. Influence of corrosion and cracking on bond behavior and strength of reinforced-concrete members[J]. ACI Structural Journal, 1993, 87(2): 220-231.
[5] Fu X, Chung D. Effect of corrosion on the bond between concrete and steel rebar[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1997, 27(12): 1811-1815.
[6] 李福海, 靳贺松, 胡丁涵, 等. 锈蚀钢筋混凝土黏结滑移试验研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2018, 40(8): 154-159. Li Fuhai, Jin Hesong, Hu Dinghan, et al. Experimental study on bond-slip performance of corroded reinforced concrete[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2018, 40(8): 154-159.
[7] 张志强, 张康健, 刘新华, 等. 盾构隧道衬砌结构偏心破坏转化临界锈蚀率预测[J]. 土木工程学报, 2024, 57(1): 111-121. Zhang Zhiqiang, Zhang Kangjian, Liu Xinhua, et al. Prediction of critical corrosion rate for eccentric failure transformation of shield tunnel lining structures[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2024, 57(1): 111-121.
[8] Zhao C X, Ying Z Q, Du C B, et al. Influence of corrosion on the bond-slip behaviour between corroded bars and concrete[J]. Materials, 2023, 16(23): 7366.
[9] Zhou H J, Lu J L, Xi X, et al. Effects of stirrup corrosion on bond-slip performance of reinforcing steel in concrete: an experimental study[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 93: 257-266.
[10] Tondolo F. Bond behaviour with reinforcement corrosion[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 93: 926-932.
[11] 李星, 杨子江, 孙理想, 等. 长期腐蚀环境影响下GFRP-钢混合配筋混凝土构件的抗弯性能研究[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2017, 12(14): 2604-2611. Li Xing, Yang Zijiang, Sun Lixiang, et al. Research on the flexural behavior of concrete composites with hybrid reinforcement of GFRP bars and steel bars under long term corrosion environment [J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2017, 12(14): 2604-2611.
[12] 周旭明, 石钰锋, 张利敏, 等. 边墙与仰拱连接处缺陷对隧道结构影响试验[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2023, 5(1): 74-80. Zhou Xuming, Shi Yufeng, Zhang Limin, et al. Experiment on influence of defects at the connection between side wall and inverted arch on tunnel structure[J]. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2023, 5(1): 74-80.
[13] 袁迎曙, 章鑫森, 姬永生. 人工气候与恒电流通电法加速锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的结构性能比较研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2006, 39(3): 42-46. Yuan Yingshu, Zhang Xinsen, Ji Yongsheng. A comparative study on str uctur al behavior of deteriorated reinforced concrete beam under two different environments[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2006, 39(3): 42-46.
[14] 干伟忠, 金伟良, 高明赞. 混凝土中钢筋加速锈蚀试验适用性研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2001, 32(2): 41-47. Gan Weizhong, Jin Weiliang, Gao Mingzan. Applicability study on accelerated corrosion methods of steel bars in concrete structure[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2001, 32(2): 41-47.
[15] Mendes L, Castro L. A new RC bond model suitable for three-dimensional cyclic analyses[J]. Computers & Structures, 2013, 120: 47-64.
[16] 罗先明. 变形钢筋与混凝土粘结性能数值模拟与计算[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2021: 31-47. Luo Xianming. Numerical simulation and calculation of bond performance between deformed bar and concrete[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2021: 31-47.
[17] 袁迎曙, 贾福萍, 蔡跃. 锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的结构性能退化模型[J]. 土木工程学报, 2001, 34(3): 47-52. Yuan Yingshu, Jia Fuping, Cai Yue. The structural behavior deterioration model for corroded reinforced concrete beams [J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2001, 34(3): 47-52.
[18] Castel A, Francois R, Arliguie G. Mechanical behaviour of corroded reinforced concrete beams: part 2: bond and notch effects[J]. Materials and Structures, 2000, 33(233): 511-545.
[19] 裴超, 肖勇, 朱智勇, 等. 复杂应力环境中隧道大变形特征与形变控制[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2023, 5(2): 89-98. Pei Chao, Xiao Yong, Zhu Zhiyong, et al. Large deformation characteristics and deformation control of tunnel in complex stress environment[J]. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2023, 5(2): 89-98.
[20] 王剑宏, 常洪雷, 刘健, 等. 水下盾构隧道耐久性与全生命周期设计[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2020, 2(2): 1-13. Wang Jianhong, Chang Honglei, Liu Jian, et al. The durability of underwater shield tunnel and its life-cycle design[J]. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2020, 2(2): 1-13.
[21] 李永珑, 刘新华, 朱星宇, 等. 钢筋锈蚀作用下隧道衬砌结构力学性能劣化研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2024, 46(1): 156-163. Li Yonglong, Liu Xinhua, Zhu Xingyu, et al. Research on deterioration of mechanical properties of tunnel lining structure under reinforcement corrosion[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2024, 46(1): 156-163.
[22] 魏纲, 徐天宝, 张治国. 复杂应力路径下波纹钢加固盾构隧道数值分析[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2023, 5(2): 24-32. Wei Gang, Xu Tianbao, Zhang Zhiguo. Numerical analysis of corrugated steel reinforced shield tunnel under complex stress path[J]. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2023, 5(2): 24-32.
[23] 童建军, 邵国霞. 海底隧道钢拱架锈蚀对承载力影响研究[J]. 铁道建筑, 2011(6): 81-83.
[24] Zhang Z, Gong R, Zhang H, et al. The sustainability performance of reinforced concrete structures in tunnel lining induced by long-term coastal environment[J]. Sustainability, 2020, 12(10): 3946.
[25] 刘四进, 何川, 封坤, 等. 受荷状态下盾构隧道管片锈蚀劣化破坏过程研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2018, 51(6): 120-128. Liu Sijin, He Chuan, Feng Kun, et al. Research on corrosion deterioration and failure process of shield tunnel segments under loads[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2018, 51(6): 120-128.
[26] 许勇, 夏明, 张炜, 等. 钢筋锈蚀作用下盾构隧道结构损伤劣化性能[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(27): 11841-11853. Xu Yong, Xia Ming, Zhang Wei, et al. Damage and deterioration of shield tunnel structure under reinforcement corrosion [J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(27): 11841-11853.
[27] 刘力英, 欧振锋, 杨春山, 等. 沉管基槽开挖诱发临岸结构变形数值模拟与实测分析[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2024, 6(4): 12-19. Liu Liying, Ou Zhenfeng, Yang Chunshan, et al. Numerical simulation and field measurement analysis of coastal structures under immersed tunnel trench excavation[J]. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2024, 6(4): 12-19.
[28] GB/T 50081—2019 混凝土物理力学性能试验方法标准[S].
[29] GB/T 24196—2009 金属和合金的腐蚀 电化学试验方法 恒电位和动电位极化测量导则[S].
[30] Faraday M. Experimental researches in electricity[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1832, 122: 125-162.
[31] 兰官奇, 王毅红, 刘乐, 等. 考虑混凝土软化效应的钢筋与混凝土粘结强度计算模型[J]. 工程力学, 2022, 39(9): 234-241. Lan Guanqi, Wang Yihong, Liu Le, et al. Model of calculating the bond strength between rebars and concrete considering the softening effect of concrete[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2022, 39(9): 234-241.
[32] Yin S P, Hu C, Lv H L, et al. Interfacial properties and bond strength model of TRC-Confined concrete and deformed reinforcement under corrosion[J]. Composite Interfaces, 2019, 26(6): 551-569.
[33] 余鑫. 锈蚀程度对钢筋混凝土抗冻耐久性影响研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆交通大学, 2018: 52-65. Yu Xin. Study on the frost durability of reinforced concrete under the degree of corrosion[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University, 2018: 52-65.
[34] JTG 3370.1—2018 公路隧道设计规范[S].
[1] ZHANG Heng, ZHENG Yang, SUN Yindong, WU Ke, ZHANG Maoyong, CHANG Hao. Numerical simulation of construction control for residual stress in Q355 steel butt welds [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2026, 56(2): 82-95.
[2] LIU Qiming, WANG Wenhui, PAN Yingnan, GAO Yaohui, ZHENG Chengcheng, HE Peng. Influence of thickness defects on the stability of the primary support structure and risk assessment [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2025, 55(5): 165-178.
[3] Yuxin WANG,Sizhong LÜ,Wang YAO,Chunjin LIN,Ming ZHANG,Zhaofeng LI,Jian ZHANG,Yansheng WANG. Parameter design and effect evaluation of pile side splitting grouting insilty clay stratum [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2023, 53(6): 70-81.
[4] Pengning GUO,Wei LIU,Hao YUAN,Shuo FENG,Yangang WANG. Analysis of screw extrusion dehydration efficiency based on micro element discrete model [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2023, 53(1): 114-121.
[5] Yiming ZHANG,Yunpeng LI,Jing LI,Junyu CONG. Development of numerical calculation for coupled multi-field problems in cracked/porous media [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2022, 52(6): 63-78.
[6] Weiqin ZHENG,Jie XU,Jie SUN,Ke WU. Mechanical characteristics of TBM tunnel segment in composite stratum [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2022, 52(4): 210-213.
[7] TIAN Li,Wenzhe BI,Sarim Saleem SIDDIQUI,Kaiyue LIU. Review on structural resistance to downburst wind loads [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(5): 32-41.
[8] LU Guangzhao, ZHOU Bo, XU Feng, SHANGGUAN Wei, WANG Gang, ZHANG Shubo. Stability analysis and construction mechanics of shallow buried bias tunnel openings [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(4): 61-70.
[9] Chunguo WANG. Study on full face hard rock tunnel boring machine through the overpass in composite stratum [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(3): 45-51.
[10] WANG Chunguo. Optimization of ventilation system of TBM tunnel construction and evaluation of dust suppression effect [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(3): 52-60.
[11] XU Zaigen, LIU Zhengwei, LIU Wenpeng, ZHOU Mengyao, LIU Juncai, TIAN Li. Calculation method of the single-double angle joints in transmission towers [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(1): 87-93.
[12] SUN Jie, WU Ke, ZHENG Yang, LI Shuchen, YUAN Chao, WANG Xiuwei. Influence of TBM tunnel excavation at different positions on buildings [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(1): 32-38.
[13] SU Sibo, WANG Guoqing, JIA Xianzhuo, LI Zhicong, HUANG Zhigang. Influence of shear span ratio on seismic performance of hollow pipe pier with slot connection [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2021, 51(1): 39-45.
[14] CAO Hongzhen, QI Jinsheng, YUAN Baoqiang, DU Wenjing, WANG Zhan. Numerical simulation of the tangent circular-to-rectangular transition duct [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2020, 50(5): 77-82.
[15] Jinsheng QI, Hongzhen CAO, Yan SHI, Wenjing DU, Zhan WANG. Optimization of the inner deflector of the shrimp-waist elbow [J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2020, 50(5): 64-69.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Journal of Shandong University (Engineering Science)
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd