Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 60-75.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2025.180

• Civil Engineering • Previous Articles    

Model test study on the influence of advance support on tunnel surrounding rock stress

MENG Haoran1, LI Yao1*, CHEN Houxian2, LI Lin1, DU Xuchao1   

  1. MENG Haoran1, LI Yao1*, CHEN Houxian2, LI Lin1, DU Xuchao1(1. School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China;
    2. Sichuan Jiuma Expressway Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
  • Published:2026-04-13

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Abstract: To address the issue of stress redistribution in the surrounding rock during the construction of shallow, large-section loess tunnels, the stress redistribution patterns under three conditions—no advance support, advance small pipes, and advance pipe umbrella—were investigated through model testing and numerical simulation. In the experiments, 3D-printed sliding connectors were innovatively employed to simulate three-stage step excavation, and an internal stress monitoring system was established. The results showed that the advance pipe umbrella formed a strong three-dimensional soil arch with considerable longitudinal length and height ahead of the tunnel face. This significantly reduced the stress release rate of the surrounding soil(from 54.9% to 14.3%)and effectively transferred the overburden weight to both sides of the tunnel. At the same time, the expansion of the plastic zone was substantially suppressed(the plastic zone area was reduced by 49.1%), and the extent of the relaxation zone was diminished(the height decreased from 17.5 m to 14.1 m, and the area was reduced from 138 m2 to 110 m2. Consequently, the self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rock was enhanced, and its pressure characteristics were altered. This study revealed the mechanism by which advance support regulates stress redistribution through the reinforcement of the 3D soil arch effect, providing a theoretical basis for calculating surrounding rock pressure and designing advance support in shallow-buried loess tunnels.

Key words: shallow loess tunnel, model test, advanced pipe roof, advanced small pipe, soil internal stress

CLC Number: 

  • TU443
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