生命周期评价视角下的主要红肉产品水足迹

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2025.050

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为应对大规模红肉产品生产导致的水资源消耗与污染问题,采用基于生命周期评价理论的本土化水足迹模型,对猪肉、牛肉和羊肉3种红肉产品的水足迹进行系统量化和分析。结果显示,在“摇篮到大门”的系统边界内,猪肉生产在大多数中间点和终点影响类别中均表现出最高的水足迹,其次为牛肉,而羊肉最低。3种肉类生产的水足迹在关键流程分析中表现相似,主要由饲料生产和直接排放驱动。此外,直接消耗的水和排至土壤的铜分别被识别为影响人类健康和生态系统质量的关键物质。时空分析结果表明,调整牲畜养殖结构、因地施策和提高饲料利用效率,是降低该行业水足迹的关键措施。

关键词: 水足迹, 生命周期评价, 红肉生产, 环境影响, 时空分析

Abstract: To address the issues of water consumption and pollution caused by large-scale red meat production, an indigenized water footprint model based on life cycle assessment theory was adopted to systematically quantify and analyze the water footprints of three red meat products: pork, beef, and mutton. The results indicated that, within the “cradle-to-gate” system boundary, pork production had the highest water footprint across most midpoint and endpoint impact categories, followed by beef, while mutton had the lowest. The water footprints of the three types of meat production showed similar patterns in the analysis of key processes, mainly driven by feed production and direct emissions. Directly consumed water and copper discharged to soil were identified as key substances contributing to impacts on human health and ecosystem quality, respectively. The spatiotemporal analysis suggested that restructuring livestock systems, adopting site-specific strategies, and improving feed use efficiency are essential measures to reduce the sector's water footprint.

Key words: water footprint, life cycle assessment, red meat production, environmental impact, spatiotemporal analysis

中图分类号:

X828

李梦晴,张天祚,马逍天,洪静兰. 生命周期评价视角下的主要红肉产品水足迹[J]. 山东大学学报 (工学版), 2026, 56(2): 189-196.

LI Mengqing, ZHANG Tianzuo, MA Xiaotian, HONG Jinglan. Water footprint of major red meat products from a life cycle assessment perspective[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science), 2026, 56(2): 189-196.

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