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山东大学学报 (工学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4): 135-144.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2025.239

• 土木工程 • 上一篇    

富水软岩隧道突水突泥灾害防控措施水压分布特征

蒋勇军1,陈鑫1,兰庆男2,3,张志强2,3*   

  1. 1.中交公路规划设计院有限公司, 北京 100007;2.极端环境岩土和隧道工程智能建养全国重点实验室, 四川 成都 610031;3.西南交通大学土木工程学院, 四川 成都 610031
  • 发布日期:2026-08-12
  • 作者简介:蒋勇军(1980— ),男,四川邛崃人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为隧道防灾减灾. E-mail:jiangyongjun@hpdi.com.cn. *通信作者简介:张志强(1968— ),男,四川荣县人,教授,博士生导师,博士,主要研究方向为隧道智能建造. E-mail:clark@swjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    西藏自治区重大科技专项资助项目(XZ202402ZD0008)

Water pressure characteristics in prevention and control measures for water and mud inrush disasters in water-rich soft rock tunnel

Jiang Yongjun1, Chen Xin1, Lan Qingnan2,3, Zhang Zhiqiang2,3*   

  1. Jiang Yongjun1, Chen Xin1, Lan Qingnan2, 3, Zhang Zhiqiang2, 3*(1. CCCC Highway Consultants Co., Ltd., Beijing 100007, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geotechnics and Tunnelling, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China;
    3. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
  • Published:2026-08-12

摘要： 为量化分析隧道施工后初期支护水压力分布规律,建立流固耦合三维数值模型,探讨超前排水管数量、分区注浆范围以及不同排堵措施下掌子面周边及前方围岩水压力分布特征。结果表明,采取超前排水措施后,在持续降水作用下围岩逐渐形成相互连通的“漏斗状”低水压区,当排水管数量超过9根时,排水泄压能力接近饱和,此后,增加排水管数量掌子面水压力变化不再显著;围岩水压力分布特征、初期支护水压力分布规律与分区注浆范围关联性较强,从堵水效果看,全断面帷幕注浆优于半断面帷幕注浆、全周边注浆;采取超前排堵组合措施可起到阻挡注浆区域外地下水涌入、排导注浆区域内地下水的作用,有效降低施工期突水突泥风险发生概率,且有利于保护地下水环境,同时,可将初期支护承受的水压力降至120 kPa左右,有利于隧道结构安全稳定。

关键词: 山岭隧道, 富水软弱围岩, 突水突泥, 防控措施, 流固耦合

Abstract: In order to quantitatively analyze the distribution patterns of water pressure in the initial support after tunnel excavation,this study established a fluid-solid coupling three-dimensional numerical model to investigate the distribution characteristics of water pressure in the surrounding rock around and ahead of the tunnel face under various conditions, including the number of advance drainage pipes, the scope of zoned grouting, and different prevention and control measures.The research results indicated,after implementing advance drainage measures, a interconnected "funnel-shaped" low-pressure zone gradually forms in the surrounding rock under continuous dewatering. When the number of drainage pipes exceeds nine, the drainage and pressure relief capacity approaches saturation, and further increasing the number of pipes no longer significantly reduced the water pressure at the tunnel face. The distribution characteristics of water pressure in the surrounding rock and the initial support were strongly correlated with the scope of zoned grouting. In terms of water-blocking effectiveness, full-face curtain grouting was superior to half-face curtain grouting and full-perimeter grouting. The combination of advance drainage and blocking measures could prevent groundwater inflow from outside the grouted area while draining groundwater within the grouted area, effectively reducing the risk of water and mud inrush during construction. This approach also helped protect the groundwater environment and reduces the water pressure on the initial support to approximately 120 kPa, contributing to the safety and stability of the tunnel structure.

Key words: mountain tunnel, water-rich weak surrounding rock, water and mud inrush, prevention and control measures, fluid-solid coupling

中图分类号: 

  • U458.1
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