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Arc modeling and practical simulation application based on ATP-EMTP DOU Tingting, YAO Yuanxi, CHEN Peng, LU Deng JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 102-108.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.129 Abstract （4058）   HTML    PDF（pc） （1438KB）（678）       Knowledge map    Save The HVDC line and earth electrode line might be constructed using common tower, but there was lack of research on the back flashover performance of HVDC line, whats more, the earth electrode line arcing horn discharge characteristics was also scanty, in the case of tower struck by lightning. The frequency characteristic simulation transmission line, multi-impedance tower model and air gap breakdown model were established by ATP-EMTP, the influence of electrode line on back flashover level for HVDC line was studied, and the arcing horn discharge characteristics was researched. The results showed that, back flashover performance of HVDC line could obviously be improved by earth electrode line, and lasting arc could be established by DC current in the single pole operation mode. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A new method for muti-objects image segmentation based on faster region proposal networks HUANG Jinchao JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 20-26.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.592 Abstract （3897）   HTML    PDF（pc） （6800KB）（1097）       Knowledge map    Save Aim at the shortage of a large amount of redundancy and overlaps of conventional semantic segmentation algorithm, these shortages caused the image segmentation results getting lower accuracy and robust. A new algorithm of multi-objects image segmentation based on faster region proposal networks was proposed. A selective search algorithm was used to get the initial proposal boxes; a faster region proposal network was used to get initial image segmentation boxes. In order to validate our proposed algorithm, the VGG16 models that pre-trained on ImageNet was used on this problem. By using COCO dataset and Cityscapes dataset, the model was well fine-tuned. The test dataset was used for testing semantic segmentation and image segmentation. Compared with YOLO algorithm, the experimental results showed that our proposed algorithm increased mAP of 2.16% and 1.55%. The initial image segmentation boxes by faster region proposal networks were best fitted by GrabCut, multi-objects segmentation results were more accurate and robust. Our proposed algorithm got higher accuracy by sacrifice little time consumption, which got more application scenes in multi-object patterns recognition. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Smooth walk-to-trot gait transition algorithm for quadruped robot XIN Yaxian, LI Yibin, LI Bin, RONG Xuewen JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 42-49.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.364 Abstract （3773）   HTML    PDF（pc） （4590KB）（835）       Knowledge map    Save In order to improve the adaptability of quadruped robot for various terrains, different cases that could occur when robot changed its gaits from walk to trot were analyzed and the optimal transition algorithms which could let gait transition more smooth and waste least time when robot kept stability were proposed. In order to ensure the smoothness of transition sequence, the speed formula of time was given to keep the center of gravity constant acceleration. An algorithm named modified wide stability margin method(MWSM)was proposed to offset the stand back influenced by inertial force and caused by the acceleration through adjust the relative position of the trunk and four feet. The model of quadruped robot was constructed based on the robot simulator Webots, and simulation results showed the validity and effectiveness of the algorithm. The approach could be applied in six points of one static walk circle and switched to trot smoothly and steadily. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A survey of image captioning methods based on deep learning Zhifu CHANG,Fengyu ZHOU,Yugang WANG,Dongdong SHEN,Yang ZHAO Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (6): 25-35.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.244 Abstract （3680）   HTML （101）    PDF（pc） （7881KB）（1277）       Knowledge map    Save Image captioning is the cross-research direction of computer vision and natural language processing. This paper aimsed to summarize the deep learning methods in the field of image captioning. Imgage captioning methods based on deep learning was summarized into five categories: multimodal space based method, multi-region based method, enconder-deconder based method, reinforcement learning based method, and generative adversarial networks based method.The datasets and evaluation metrics were demonstrated, and experimental result of different methods were compared. The three key problems and future research direction for image captioning were presented and summarized. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Immune clonal evolutionary algorithm of dynamic economic dispatch considering gas pollution emission QIAN Shuqu, WU Huihong, XU Guofeng, JIN Jingliang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 1-9.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.369 Abstract （3678）   HTML    PDF（pc） （881KB）（614）       Knowledge map    Save An immune clonal evolutionary algorithm(ICEA)was proposed by combining the clone selection principle of immune system and the evolution mechanism of genetic algorithm. A kind of dynamic immune selection strategy was introduced and a self-adaption non-uniform mutation operator was proposed. In order to make it suitable for solving dynamic emission economic dispatch(DEED)problem with many constrains, different repair strategies were introduced for the equality and inequality constrains of DEED model. In numerical experiments, ICEAs performance on 10-units system was tested, and several peer algorithms were compared. The simulation results indicated that ICEA had good convergence and global optimization efficiency. The uniformity and ductility of the Pareto optimal frontier obtained by ICEA was better than that of comparison algorithms. The Pareto optimal frontier could provide a more efficient scheduling decision-making approach for power system dispatcher. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tests and comparison of the dehumidification effectiveness of drying techniques involving in atmospheric sampling ZHAO Yanan, WANG Xinfeng, LI Rui, CHEN Tianshu, XUE Likun, WANG Wenxing JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 128-136.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.103 Abstract （3377）   HTML    PDF（pc） （1516KB）（586）       Knowledge map    Save High humidity and fog water can affect the measurement results of atmospheric pollutants, or even damages the instruments. Therefore, it was necessary to dehumidify the sample air with specific drying techniques when sampling. This study tested and compared the dehumidification effectiveness and the influencing factors of four common drying devices, i.e., cyclone cutter, heating belt, Nafion drying tube, and silicone drying tube. The results showed that the cyclone cutter could effectively remove liquid water and it was suitable trace gases and fine particulate matters. The heating belt quickly reduced the relative humidity of the sample air; however, the relatively humidity exhibited large fluctuation. The average dehumidification efficiency was about 20%~40%. The heating belt was mainly suitable for the thermally stable pollutants. The dehumidification efficiency of Nafion drying tube was usually less than 20%, but it was suitable for all kinds of trace gases and particulate matters. The silica gel drying tube could quickly dry the sample air with stable and high efficiency of about 50% and it was mainly suitable for particulate matters. The use of the above drying techniques would cause a loss of trace gases in certain degree. Among them, the loss caused by heating was highest, about 10%. The loss caused by cyclone cutters and Nafion drying tubes was no more than 10% and even less than 5%. These drying devices had different applicability, advantages, and disadvantages, so it was necessary to take account into the measured component. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Image analysis and engineering application of ground penetrating radar in tunnel lining detection ZHOU Chenying JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 61-68.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.015 Abstract （3306）   HTML    PDF（pc） （18207KB）（380）       Knowledge map    Save A practical and efficient interpreting method of GPR signals was proposed in order to improve the accurate identification of the tunnel lining disease based on the working principle of GPR and practical engineering application experience.The interpretation principles, asthe lining thickness, the distribution of reinforced concrete and steel arch, surrounding rock water rich fissures, karst caves, cavity, non-compaction and radar detachment,were systematically analyzed. A method of high efficient ground penetrating radar signal interpretation for tunnel lining disease detection was proposed. This interpreting method had been analyzed and verified with practical engineering. The reinforcement in the image showed crescent shaped, cavity showed arc reflection in the image, non-compaction performances clutter waveform, the antenna was a strip of bright reflection. The interpreting method provides reference and basis for tunnel lining detection which plays an important role in treating tunnel diseases and evaluating tunnel lining quality. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fractional internal model control of PWM rectifier based on inverted decoupling LI Xiangyu, ZHAO Zhicheng, WANG Wenyu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 109-115.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.441 Abstract （3270）   HTML    PDF（pc） （1611KB）（482）       Knowledge map    Save A novel double closed loop control strategy was proposed for three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier. Based on the mathematical model of PWM rectifier in synchronous rotating coordinate system, the inverted decoupling method was used to realize the complete decoupling of the current loop, and the complicated matrix inversion operation was avoided. According to the principle of internal model control(IMC), the IMC-PI controllers were designed with only one tunable parameter in the inner loop. In the voltage outer loop, a fractional order IMC controller was designed by combining IMC with fractional order control(FOC)method, and the controller parameters were obtained by the cut-off frequency and maximum sensitivity index of the system. The simulation results showed that the proposed method could provide better dynamic performance and disturbance rejection property. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of nitrogen species on nitrogen removal performance of Spirulina platensis LIU Ting, JIANG Li, ZHOU Weizhi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 116-121.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.092 Abstract （3241）   HTML    PDF（pc） （974KB）（242）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of different nitrogen species(ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, urea)in synthtic secondary effluent on Spirulina platensis growth and nitrogen removal performance was explored. The results showed that Spirulina platensis could grow and effectively remove nitrogen in secondary effluent. After 5 d treatment, concentration of total nitrogen(TN)were decreased to 3.5, 6.8, 4.6, and 4.0 mg/L, respectively, when the nitrogen species were ammonium(29.3 mg/L), nitrite(28.3 mg/L), nitrate(28.6 mg/L)and urea(29.1 mg/L). More than 75% of TN was assimilated in microalgae biomass, and only 4%~10% of TN was removed as gaseous nitrogen. This study provided a theoretical basis for further treatment of nitrogen in secondary effluent, and meanwhile, offered a new solution for microalgae cultivation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Image enhancement algorithm based on six dimensional feedforward neural network model ZHANG Xianhong, ZHANG Chunrui JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 10-19.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.063 Abstract （3234）   HTML    PDF（pc） （11598KB）（580）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problems of weakening the edges caused by filtering denoising, partially indistinct images and low contrast, an image enhancement algorithm based on the six dimension feedforward neural network model was proposed on the basis of fully analyzing the dynamic properties of the model. The experiment showed that the image enhancement algorithm based on the six dimensional feedforward neural network model could better achieve a very good enhancement effect. Compared with other enhancement algorithms, the enhancement effect was clearer and the algorithm was better. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Integration transform of dust removal system based on fieldbus compatible technology WANG Qi, SUN Zhumei, LIU Shaohong, BAI Jianyun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 37-41.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.121 Abstract （3215）   HTML    PDF（pc） （3151KB）（387）       Knowledge map    Save With the help of a network protocol converter, the Profibus-DP and DeviceNet fieldbus networks communication were realized, which were two networks with heterogeneous protocol. A double levels supervisory control system was built, the Siemens PCS7 as upper main control system, Omron PLC as the control subsystem. By Siemens PCS7 system configuration, the upper level monitoring program CFC configuration, remote monitoring figuration configuration, the gateway PD-100S settings and Omron PLC system configuration, the dust removal system was included in power plant main control system PCS7. The retrofit scheme needed small amount of new equipment. Related hardware and software configuration and parameters setting were simplfy. Under the existing dedusting system data update quantity, the system could reliably realize the remote monitoring. The scheme could provide a reference for the integration of heterogeneous fieldbus system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fault diagnosis of electromagnetic coil in active magnetic bearing based on current characteristics CHENG Xin, ZHANG Lin, HU Yefa, CHEN Qiang, LIANG Dian JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 94-101.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.617 Abstract （3192）   HTML    PDF（pc） （5624KB）（306）       Knowledge map    Save Magnetic bearings had been widely used for its excellent performance,but the fault of electromagnetic coil might cause the rotor to lose control and cause serious consequences. A on-line fault diagnosis method of electromagnetic coil formagnetic bearings was proposed through the establishment of mathematical model of digital switching power amplifier output current, the current output characteristic was obtained, and the influence of the coil fault on the output current variation rate was theoretically analyzed. A Matlab/Simulink model was established under the two state modulation,the simulation results demonstrated the theoretical feasibility of the method. A fault diagnosis scheme and related algorithm based on current oversampling was designed.Then a digital switching power amplifier test platform based on digital signal processor(DSP)was built, and the on-line detection experiment of related coil faults was carried out. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the method discussed in this paper. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chaos synchronization of a class of fractional-order coronary artery systems MENG Xiaoling, WANG Jianjun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 55-60.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2016.463 Abstract （3154）   HTML    PDF（pc） （499KB）（320）       Knowledge map    Save The problem of chaos synchronization for a class of fractional-order coronary artery systems was studied based on Lyapunov stability theory and fractional-order calculus. Three sufficient conditions were arrived that the fractional order systems was chaos synchronized under appropriate controller. The research conclusion illustrated that systems was chaos synchronization under proper conditions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The influence of soil-cement pile deterioration and modification in salt-water area on road composite foundation WANG Zhongxiao, CUI Xinzhuang, CUI Sheqiang, ZHANG Lei, CHE Huaqiao, SU Junwei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 69-77.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.580 Abstract （3136）   HTML    PDF（pc） （6447KB）（430）       Knowledge map    Save In order to reveal the influence of soil-cement pile deterioration and modification in salt-water area on road composite foundation, the physical and chemical properties of soil and water in the Yellow River Delta were analyzed through laboratory experiments, and the mechanical properties of salty soil-cement were studied. Based on Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model and strength reduction method, the influence of soil-cement pile deterioration and modification on the settlement and load-bearing properties of composite foundation were stimulated by FLAC3D. Research showed that, groundwater was basically saltwater with a salinity greater than 5 g/L and the salt was mainly chloride. The corrosion of salt caused deterioration of soil-cement with reduced strength. The deterioration of soil-cement pile increased the settlement of composite foundation and reduced the bearing capacity of pile. It could be effectively improved the bearing capacity of pile and reduced the settlement of composite foundation by using slag powder to modify soil-cement pile. Therefore, in the design of composite foundation, fully considering the deterioration effect of soil-cement pile is the key to ensure that the subgrade has sufficient strength and stability throughout its life cycle. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and experiment of cascade PID control for Maglev actuator WU Huachun, XIE Siyuan, CHEN Changhao Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (4): 88-93.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.616 Abstract （3126）   HTML    PDF（pc） （9324KB）（307）       Knowledge map    Save In order to improve the stability of the active vibration isolation system and improve the control quality of the system, the mathematical model of the control channel of the Maglev actuator was obtained by the system identification and the corresponding cascade PID controller was designed. The inner loop of the system was the acceleration loop, which mainly controlled the acceleration of the vibration isolator. The main loop of the system was the position loop, which made the isolator back to the center position and adjusted the reference value of the acceleration controller. The dynamic performance of cascade PID control was theoretically analyzed by the first order system theory; the theoretical results were verified by the establishment of a cascade PID simulation control model in Matlab. Then cascade PID control system was designed by the single degree of freedom experimental platform; the experiment and simulation of acceleration transfer rate was compared; the effect of acceleration control was analyzed. The experimental results showed that the cascade PID control method could make the attenuation range of the control object in the range of 1~25 Hz frequency between -22.5 dB and -2.2 dB, achieved effective vibration control. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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An image feature extraction method based on PDEs JIANG Shanshan, YANG Jing, FAN Liya JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 27-36.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.072 Abstract （3088）   HTML    PDF（pc） （11751KB）（414）       Knowledge map    Save Further research was conducted on image feature extraction method based on partial differential equations(PDEs). The effect of evolution times on quality of feature, and the reflection of compression function on the quality of feature were studied. Experiment results indicated that the evolution of PDEs could reduce the impact of occlusion and be robust to dark light, but the qualities of the image features could be seriously affected by evolution times of PDEs and compression function and compression speed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of siderophore produced by Pseudoaltermonas sp. SCSE709-6 in the removal of Cd2+ WANG Zhende, HUANG Zhaosong, JIANG Li, ZHOU Weizhi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 122-127.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.091 Abstract （3076）   HTML    PDF（pc） （1488KB）（365）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the role of siderophore in the process of removal of heavy metals, Pseudoaltermonas sp. SCSE709-6(P. sp. SCSE709-6), was selected as a representative bacterium. The effect of Cd2+ addition on siderophore production by P. sp. SCSE709-6 and the effect of siderophore addition on the removal of Cd2+ were studied, respectively. Upon O-CAS assay, P. sp. SCSE709-6 showed a vivid positive result for siderophore production. Assays based on chemical properties indicated that siderophore produced by P. sp. SCSE709-6 was carboxylate type. The siderophore yield was correlated with the biomass. Siderophore production was increased first and then decreased when the Cd2+ concentration was 0~0.4 mmol/L, notable this value reached maximum at 0.2 mmol/L. It accelerated the adaptation of P. sp. SCSE709-6 to Cd2+ while siderophore was added to the culture medium, as siderophore could be combined with Cd2+ to reduce the toxicity of cadmium, leading to high removal efficiency of Cd2+. The results provided a scientific explanation of why P. sp. SCSE709-6 is highly efficient in removal of cadmium and P. sp. SCSE709-6 could be recommended as a potential candidate for application in bioremediation of heavy metals. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chinese short text classification method based on word2vec embedding Mingxia GAO,Jingwei LI Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (2): 34-41.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.197 Abstract （3072）   HTML （60）    PDF（pc） （2868KB）（468）       Knowledge map    Save In the short text classification process, the weak feature expression of the limitation of the number of words restricted the classification effect. To solve this problem, a Chinese short text classification method based on embedding trained by word2vec from Wikipedia (CSTC-EWW) was proposed, and a series of experiments for short texts with 4 topics from the iask.com website were finished. This method firstly trained the embedding by word2vec from Wikipedia corpus. the feature of short text based on the embedding was established. Naive Bayes and SVM was used to classify short text. The experimental results showed the following conclusions: CSTC-EWW could effectively classify short texts and the best F-value could reach 81.8%; Comparing the text feature expression of BOW model weighted by TF-IDF and the method of extending feature from Wikipedia, the classification results of CSTC-EWW were significantly better and F-measure of CSTC-EWW on car could be increased by 45.2%. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamics charactersitics of flexible beams undergoing time varying mass MA Chicheng, GUO Zonghe, LIU Canchang, DAI Xiangjun, ZHANG Xinong, MAO Boyong Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (4): 78-87.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.373 Abstract （3043）   HTML    PDF（pc） （2888KB）（454）    PDF（mobile） （9324KB）（8）    Knowledge map    Save In terms of an elastic beam with a time varying mass, the oscillation equations were derived using mode superposition method, and the influences of the nonstructural damping induced by the changing mass were investigated. The differential equations were solved by self-adaptive Newmark method, then a relative confirmatory experiment was designed, while the change of the mass was realized by controlling the flow of water. The vibration signals were processed using time-frequency analysis toolkit, which showed more features of the time varying mass system in the time-frequency domain. The comparison of experimental results and numerical results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach and the experimental test. The study showed that the nonstructural negative damping induced by the decreasing mass affected the motions significantly, which could not be neglected in the dynamic design of high precision structures as large-scale flexible robotic manipulators. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ratio integral sliding mode synchronization control of entanglement chaotic systems MAO Beixing JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2018, 48 (4): 50-54.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.553 Abstract （3018）   HTML    PDF（pc） （1550KB）（337）       Knowledge map    Save The problem of sliding mode and ratio integral sliding mode synchronization of a class of entanglement chaotic systems were studied based on sliding mode control in the paper. The surfaces and controllers were designed using sliding mode and ratio integral sliding mode approach. And sliding mode uniform speed reaching law was adopted.Two cases for system trajectory on sliding mode surface and not on sliding mode surface were analyzed based on Lyapunov stability theory.The systems errors could approach to coordinate zero under the corporate action of surfaces and controllers. Two sufficient conditions were arrived for entanglement chaotic systems acquire sliding mode synchronization and integral sliding mode synchronization.The research conclusion illustrated that the master-slave systems of entanglement chaotic systems were sliding mode and ratio integral sliding mode synchronization if proper controllers and sliding mode surfaces was chosen. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Object detection of 3D point clouds based on F-PointNet Peng WAN Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (5): 98-104.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.348 Abstract （2949）   HTML （50）    PDF（pc） （3128KB）（969）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problem of poor detection accuracy of the current 3D point cloud object detection model, the F-PointNet model, which directly processed point cloud data, was used to detect cars, pedestrians and cyclists, and the model was fine-tuned to further improve the object detection accuracy. The model was tested by different parameter initialization methods, $\ell $2 regularization and modifying convolution kernels. The experimental results showed that the Xavier parameter initialization method converged faster 0.09s than the truncated normal distribution method, and the vehicle detection accuracy and the cyclists detection accuracy was about 3% and 2% higher respectively. By adding $\ell $2 regularization, the detection accuracy of pedestrians and cyclists was increased by about 2% and 1% respectively. By reducing the number of convolution kernels in the first layer of T-Net (Transformer Networks) to 128, the detection accuracy of cars and cyclists was increased by about 1% and 2% respectively, which confirmed that the model could effectively improve object detection accuracy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advance in the source, water pollution status and treatment processes of perchlorate Baoyu GAO,Wen SONG,Guangping YAO,Qinyan YUE Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2020, 50 (5): 107-117.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.572 Abstract （2934）   HTML （389）    PDF（pc） （2943KB）（612）       Knowledge map    Save Perchlorate was widely used in military manufacturing, aerospace and industrial production, which had high stability, high water solubility, strong oxidizability and low volatility. With the flow of air and water migration, increasingly serious perchlorate water pollution caused widespread concern worldwide. Therefore, many countries carried out a comprehensive research and investigation on the source, water pollution status and treatment technology of perchlorate. However, China still had a few reports on perchlorate study, seriously neglecting the situation and treatment research of perchlorate pollution and lacking relevant environmental quality standards and safety concentration limits. This paper reviewed the source, hazard and water pollution status of perchlorate, analized the existing worldwide perchlorate concentration limit standards, and summarized the research progress of perchlorate treatment process in order to provide some references for further development of perchlorate study and formulation of relevant regulations in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fast 4-points congruent sets for coarse registration of 3D point cloud Shiguang LIU,Hairong WANG,Jin LIU Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (2): 1-7.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.244 Abstract （2854）   HTML （148）    PDF（pc） （6934KB）（1249）       Knowledge map    Save In order to solve the problem that the 4-points congruent sets (4 PCS) method suffered from low computational efficiency and high registration errors when the overlap rate of two pieces of input point clouds was low, fast 4-points congruent sets (F-4PCS) was put forward. A new method for selecting four-point basis was presented. The source point cloud and target point cloud were given, their boundaries were separately extracted and extended as the boundary feature bands, and then a consistent four-point basis set was chosen from the boundary feature bands. This method could avoid some unnecessary iterations. By limiting the characteristics of the four-point basis, the invalid four-point basis was removed, it could reduce the verification time of the algorithm and improve the computational efficiency. Experiments results carried out on the relevant data sets showed that the F-4PCS method was more efficient than conventional 4PCS method in the case of low overlap rate of input point clouds and the registration success rate was higher than state-of-the-arts. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on smart highways critical technology Jianqing WU,Xiuguang SONG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2020, 50 (4): 52-69.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2020.149 Abstract （2789）   HTML （584）    PDF（pc） （2579KB）（2106）       Knowledge map    Save Giving highway engineering "wisdom" and establishing new generation five-in-one system of "Internet+" design, construction, management, monitoring and operation, namely, the smart highway, was the hot issue of the interdisciplinary study of civil engineering, control engineering, mechanical engineering, transportation engineering, and computer science. To comprehensively understand the smart highway, this review focused on the critical technology in the integrated system in full life-cycle of the smart highway as well as systematically investigated the relevant previous efforts, critical common technologies, and future scopes on multi-function pavement material, smart construction, smart detection, autonomous vehicles, connected vehicles, and internet of things technology. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of capsule network Jucheng YANG,Shujie HAN,Lei MAO,Xiangzi DAI,Yarui CHEN Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (6): 1-10.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.312 Abstract （2574）   HTML （113）    PDF（pc） （4331KB）（1164）       Knowledge map    Save Recently capsule network with dynamic routing was the new neural network model which was considered a significant model in next generation. In recent years, much research evidenced capsule network exceptional ability to fit features. But the high computational overhead made it unable to fit complex and large datasets. Consequently, reducing computational became a research hotspot. There were two methods, including optimized capsule and optimized routing, to solve the issue. Optimized capsule was usually driven by application purpose which was designed as a model of specific classification tasks. And optimized routing was the way to improve the performance of the model from an algorithmic perspective. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison and analysis on measure indexes for structural hole nodes in social network HAN Zhongming, WU Yang, TAN Xusheng, LIU Wen, YANG Weijie JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2015, 45 (1): 1-8.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.1.2014.120 Abstract （2504）      PDF（pc） （2601KB）（2724）       Knowledge map    Save In order to analyze different factors that affected structural holes measurement in social networks, seven existing methods to measure structural hole nodes were analyzed. Four groups of 12 simulated networks were built. Measure indexes for structural hole nodes were deeply and overall analyzed and compared in the simulated network, which were testified and analyzed in social network of Renren websites. The experimental results showed that seven existing methods perform poorly on identifying the structural hole nodes and some methods were highly correlated. Among these seven methods, betweenness centrality was relatively more effective. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A multi-microcontroller communication method based on UART asynchronous serial communication protocol Jinping MA Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2020, 50 (3): 24-30.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.705 Abstract （2470）   HTML （55）    PDF（pc） （3677KB）（383）       Knowledge map    Save To reduce the additional communication modules, complexity and costs of the different Internet of Things(IoT) devices communication, a multi-microcontroller communication method based on UART asynchronous serial ports was proposed. Based on the universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter(UART) serial communication method of the microcontroller, the control line was utilized to control the usage of the communication lines by the communication device, and a method of occupying the signal line by multiple machines in a time-sharing manner was realized. The master-slave control strategy was used to set the communication protocol. The master implements signal forwarding and identification, and the slave got signals from the master to achieve reliable and stable communication among multiple machines. By transplanting the μC/OS-Ⅱ operating system to the STM32 microcontroller, and using the real-time multitasking characteristics of μC/OS-Ⅱ, the signal reception, transmission and identification were designed into tasks of different priorities, and the master and the slave were realized. The functions of information receiving, sending and identification and the characteristics of multi-slave expansion were achieved through the communication protocol, solving the problem of multi-microcontroller communication that the traditional UART method could not achieve. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified through experiments, which provided a new solution for multi-microcontroller communication of edge devices in the Internet of Things. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Segmentation of connected characters based on improved drop-fall algorithm Qiyue SONG, Xuewen MU, Huan CHENG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (6): 89-94.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.199 Abstract （2458）   HTML （83）    PDF（pc） （3250KB）（908）       Knowledge map    Save As the traditional segmentation methods could not segment connected characters correctly, a segmentation algorithm based on improved drop-fall algorithm was proposed. The algorithm included two steps. Zhang-Sueng's thinning algorithm and the clustering of the connected region via self-organizing maps was used to find the starting drop point of drop-fall algorithm. A new drop path was defined to improve drop-fall algorithm. The water dropped from the starting drop point, along the skeleton of the character overlap stroke, at the end of the overlapped stroke skeleton, then continued dropping along the slant angle direction of the skeleton, until met the boundary of the character connected part. The water drop path was defined as the connected character segmentation path. This method solved the problem of character strokes fracture caused by the traditional drop-fall algorithm. Compared with the traditional drop-fall algorithm and the vertical projection segmentation algorithm, the experimental results showed that it was an ideal method for segmenting connected characters. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of ocean wave energy converters Yanjun LIU,Shuang WU,Dengshuai WANG,Ruohong WANG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2021, 51 (5): 63-75.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2021.234 Abstract （2456）   HTML （140）    PDF（pc） （13090KB）（994）       Knowledge map    Save In order to accurately keeping the developments of ocean wave energy utilization technology, the important research progress of wave energy converters was reviewed. The forms of wave energy converters had not yet converged. According to the classification principle of different energy capture methods, the working principle and the energy conversion system of three main types of devices, namely, oscillating water column, overtopping and oscillating bodies were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of converter were analyzed. Typical engineering devices were selected for detailed introduction. The engineering devices which had been completed sea trial in China were summarized. It has been found that the oscillation type was the most popular type of converter in China. The research progress related to the performance evaluation of wave energy converters were summarized, but there was no unified evaluation standard yet. The difficulties and the main breakthrough directions of the developments of wave energy converters were discussed from three aspects of high efficiency and stability, reliability and cost, and the construction of diversified integrated platforms. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and prospect of the development of heat exchanger structure Wenjing DU,Junzhe ZHAO,Lixin ZHANG,Zhan WANG,Wanxiang JI Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2021, 51 (5): 76-83.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2020.423 Abstract （2360）   HTML （159）    PDF（pc） （4892KB）（1414）       Knowledge map    Save The development of heat exchanger for more than 200 years was introduced. The generation and typical applications of heat exchangers with different structures were reviewed. Four heat exchangers with different structures including shell-and-tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, microstructure heat exchanger, and printed circuit heat exchanger were described emphatically, and the development work of related geometric parameter optimization and structure improvement was carried out to realize heat transfer enhancement. The existing problems and limitations in the structure design of the heat exchanger were analyzed, and the specific suggestions and development trends for the structure improvement of the heat exchanger in the future were proposed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Early diagnosis and life prognosis for slowlyvarying fault based on deep learning ZHOU Funa, GAO Yulin, WANG Jiayu, WEN Chenglin JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2017, 47 (5): 30-37.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.193 Abstract （2280）      PDF（pc） （6482KB）（1290）       Knowledge map    Save In order to overcome the shortcoming of traditional early fault diagnosis methods, a method of combining deep learning with PCA to realize early diagnosis of slowly varying small fault and life prognosis was proposed. Using the deep learning method to extract the sampled data characteristics layer by layer, learning the early fault characteristics and establishing the early fault diagnosis model for slowly varying small fault, the combining deep learning was combined with PCA to integrate the high dimensional fault feature vector extracted by the deep learning into a fault characteristic variable. A data-driven fault precursor could be defined according to the evolution rule of the characteristic variable of the historical fault data, and life prognosis model was established by exponential nonlinear fitting method. The TE benchmark data was used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, experimental results showed the validity of the proposed algorithm by comparing with other algorithms. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bound gait controlling method of quadruped robot MENG Jian, LI Yibin, LI Bin JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2015, 45 (3): 28-34.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2014.328 Abstract （2231）      PDF（pc） （3687KB）（1516）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problem of running control of quadruped robot, a running control method based on bound gait was proposed. The bound gait of the quadruped robot was implemented by fast and small range swing motion of the legs. A finite state machine was used to separate one complete cycle of motion into six stages, three stages for fore legs and three for hind legs respectively. In contact and buffering stage, vertical spring-damper model was used; in thrust stage, virtual model was used to adjust the thrust direction of the legs; and in swing stage, Bezier curve was used to plan the trajectory of the toes. By constructing a virtual model with the same size and mass with the hydraulic driven quadruped robot SCalf-II in the dynamics simulation software, the control method was verified and tested, simulation results showed that the robot came into a cyclic bounding motion with strong periodicity after five periods, the speed vibration in forward direction was small, the joint range of motion, speed and torque were all within the range of the design objective of SCalf-II, which verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Image denoising based on 3D shearlet transform and BM4D Shengnan ZHANG,Lei WANG,Chunhong CHANG,Benli HAO Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2020, 50 (2): 83-90.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.262 Abstract （2199）   HTML （24）    PDF（pc） （12734KB）（451）       Knowledge map    Save Aimed at the disadvantage that the traditional block matching denoising method could only deal with two-dimensional images, an image denoising method based on 3D shearlet transform and BM4D(block-matching and 4D filtering) was proposed. This method used 3D shearlet transform to obtain transform domain coefficients, and realized joint filtering in transform domain through hard threshold and Wiener filtering stage. The 3D shearlet transformation was localized through two filtering stages: multi-scale decomposition and directional decomposition. The hard threshold and Wiener filtering were performed, which include grouping, collaborative filtering and aggregation. The 4D transformation of the cubes was based on the local correlationandon-local correlation cubes. The estimated values of each grouped cube were obtained by inverse transformation of 3D shearlet transform, and self-adaptive aggregation was performed at their original positions. PSNR(peak signal to noise ratio) and SSIM(structural similarity) were used as evaluation criteria. The results showed that this method could effectively remove image noise in high noise environment, and effectively improved the visual effect of the image with high accuracy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The improvement of the cochlear implantation CIS speech processing method based on the all phase DFT filter PANG Zhi-min,TIAN Lan,HOU Zheng-xin JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    Abstract （2194）      PDF（pc） （715KB）（2286）       Knowledge map    Save Cochlear implantation is a new technology to restore the hearing ability for deaf people. A new type of digital filter with better filtrating ability, that is an all phase DFT filter, was introduced to simulate cochlear implantation CIS speech processing and to synthesize the voice, using the simple model of electrode excitation cochlear implant. By doing this, the voice can be simulated for the person with a cochlear implant. Comparisons between this model and the traditional Butterworth filter were made. The results of the experiment show that the synthesized speech spectra by the all phase DFT digital filter is closer to the original speech spectra, and is much better than the results of the Butterworth filter. Related Articles | Metrics

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A microblog rumor events detection method based on C-GRU Lizhao LI, Guoyong CAI, Jiao PAN Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (2): 102-106.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.189 Abstract （2180）   HTML （48）    PDF（pc） （1249KB）（852）       Knowledge map    Save A microblog rumor events detection model based on convolution-gated recurrent unit(C-GRU) was proposed. Combining the advantages of CNN and GRU, the microblog event′s posts was vectorized. By learning the features representation of the microblog windows through the convolution layer of CNN, the features of microblog windows was spliced into a sequence of window feature according to the time order, and the sequence of window feature was put into the GRU to learn feature representation of sequence for rumor events detection. Experimental results from real data sets showed that this model had better ability to rumor detection than other models based on traditional machine learning, CNN or RNN. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The time series prediction model based on integrated deep learning HE Zhengyi, ZENG Xianhua, QU Shengwei, WU Zhilong JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2016, 46 (6): 40-47.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.1.2016.213 Abstract （2168）   HTML    PDF（pc） （2496KB）（1910）       Knowledge map    Save The conditional restricted Boltzmann machine time series model based on the Gaussian process(GCRBM)could efficiently predict single type of time series data, but the model could not make accurate predictions for multi-category data and real high-dimensional data. To solve the problem above, the time series prediction model based on integrated deep learning was proposed. Multiple deep belief networks(DBN)corresponding to the multi-category timing data was trained to study low dimensional feature. The low dimensional feature of multi-category data was used to train multiple GCRBM models. When the time series was predicted, the dimensionality of the model was reduced and categories of target data were identified by DBN model's reconstruction error, and the sequence of target data was predicted by the GCRBM model. The experimental results based on CASIA-A gait data set showed that the method could accurately recognize the categories of gait sequences and the predicting result could simulate the true gait sequences, which demonstrated the validity of the model. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fast scene recognition based on LDB descriptor and local spatial structure matching Dongbo ZHANG,Tao KOU,Haixia XU Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (5): 16-23.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.409 Abstract （2164）   HTML （36）    PDF（pc） （11270KB）（368）       Knowledge map    Save A new local difference binary (LDB) descriptor and local spatial structure matching method was proposed to implement fast scene recognition. The multi-grid dense sampling method was used to obtain grayscale and gradient information of the image area, and the binary description was performed by comparing the grayscale and gradient size between the grids, which inherited the advantages of fast and low storage of binary feature extraction. The multi-point matching was adopted to replace the original single point of matching technology, which removed a large number of mismatches, thus the match accuracy was improved. The experiment showed that the efficiency of this method was about 2.7 times of SIFT and 1.9 times of SURF. The validity and recognition performance of the method were fully verified. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Images auto-encoding algorithm based on deep convolution neural network Yijiang HE,Junping DU,Feifei KOU,Meiyu LIANG,Wei WANG,Ang LUO Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (2): 61-66.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.432 Abstract （2107）   HTML （38）    PDF（pc） （1646KB）（692）       Knowledge map    Save At present, image coding research was focused on information lossless, but it did not reflect the social network image differentiation. A novel social network images auto-encoding algorithm based on deep convolution neural network was proposed. The algorithm obtained good performance on image auto-encoding, which combined the feature extraction ability of deep convolutional neural network and characteristics of images in social networks. It combined the characteristics of the social network image with the clustering algorithm to cluster social network image and got the distance information, next the deep convolutional neural network was used to learn the distance information of these images, then it extracted the fully connected layer in the deep convolution neural network as the image coding, repeated the above steps and got the image coding finally. The experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm performed better than other algorithms of image search, and was more adaptive in the social network image search than that of the other algorithms mentioned. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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An overview of emergency charging rescue scheme for electric vehicle on highway LI Jianxiang, CHE Changming, HAN Yuankai, CHEN Fang, ZHANG Chenglin JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2017, 47 (6): 121-127.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.532 Abstract （2092）      PDF（pc） （983KB）（373）       Knowledge map    Save The electric vehicle emergency charging rescue scheme was explored by analyzing the charging device, system function, rescue station location and resource allocation. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various types of emergency rescue devices for electric vehicles, the internal structure of the emergency charging system and the function of each component were determined. Several common models for emergency rescue station site selection were analyzed to summarize the related constraints of site selection models. And several emergency resource allocation methods were further elaborated. This work could provide a useful reference for the in-depth research on the construction and operation of emergency rescue stations for electric vehicles on highways. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and prospect of renewable energy ramp events Xueshan HAN,Xinyi WANG,Ming YANG,Yixiao YU Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2021, 51 (5): 53-62.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2020.287 Abstract （1999）   HTML （57）    PDF（pc） （2283KB）（435）       Knowledge map    Save This article elaborated the wind and solar power ramp events from the three levels: the definition, prediction method and control strategy. The common definitions of wind and solar ramp were listed, and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed in turn. It summarized the current mainstream prediction methods of ramp events, which were divided into direct method and indirect method according to whether the power prediction results were used, and the commonly used evaluation indicators were evaluated. It elaborated the current commonly used methods of control strategy, taking energy storage participation as a division, it was divided into finite control strategy without energy storage participation and infinite control strategy with energy storage participation. The current research problems and key research directions in the future were summarized and prospected. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of energy consumption and demand forecasting methods Ming YANG, Pingjing DU, Fengquan LIU, Xupeng HAO, Yifan BO Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2020, 50 (1): 56-62.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.180 Abstract （1970）   HTML （965）    PDF（pc） （2290KB）（1015）       Knowledge map    Save In view of the increasing dependence of energy planning on energy demand forecasting and the difficulty of energy demand forecasting, this paper analyzed various energy forecasting methods and discussed the direction of energy development. The article analyzed the current demand situation of energy development methods from the direction of global energy demand development in recent years. The existing main energy forecasting methods were summarized and compared. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing research methods and applicable occasions were summarized. Combined with the new direction of energy development, the future development prospects of energy forecasting were given. Furthermore, this paper applied the LEAP model to predict the energy demand of the African region, and analyzed the regional energy complementation effect and the role of "electricity substitution" in the development of energy demand. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Active driving behavior analysis algorithm based on monocular camera Chenmou WU,Zhijun FANG,Jenqneng HWANG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (5): 69-76.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.424 Abstract （1962）   HTML （17）    PDF（pc） （9086KB）（609）       Knowledge map    Save In order to prevent accidents, an algorithm for recognizing and monitoring the driver′s behavior based on the three-dimensional pose estimation of the human body was proposed. A monocular camera was used to capture the video stream of the driver in motion, the two-dimensional contour features of each frame of the image was extracted, and the two-dimensional projection of the pre-established three-dimensional human body model was matched to estimate the attitude of the driver′s upper body in real time. Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the driver′s eight skeletal nodes, the driver′s behavior was identified and analyzed. Four driving states of driver′s normal, one-handed, answering calls and fatigue/drunk driving were simulated. Through the coordinate changes of the skeletal nodes, the gesture behavior of the driver could be detected and recognized, and the driver could be given reminders. When the light was enough, the algorithm could reduce the false detection rate by 24.24% compared with the PRECLOSE algorithm. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and analysis on typical working cycle of wheel loader MA Xiangming, SUN Xia, ZHANG Qiang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    0, (): 82-87.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2015.095 Abstract （1949）      PDF（pc） （3272KB）（1014）       Knowledge map    Save In order to obtain more precise operating parameters of typical working cycle and simulate the fuel consumption, a constructing method of typical working cycle for wheel loader was proposed based on kinetic sequences and operating characteristics. Thirteen characteristic parameters, including speed-torque area etc., were defined to evaluate the variation of operating parameters during working process. Meanwhile, the kinetic sequences were classified into five clusters by the adoption of the Principal Component Analysis and fuzzy C-means algorithm. Afterwards, the sequences with minimum Euclidean distance in each cluster were selected to constitute the typical working cycle. The results showed that parameters of the test condition and the typical working cycle, such as acceleration and speed, had the similar distribution; fuel consumption based on the typical working cycle simulation was 0.176 L with an error of 4.7%, which was within the scope of the engineering allowable error. The proposed method could be effectively employed to process and analyze the test data of wheel loader and construct the typical working cycle, which was also greatly helpful to further study the fuel economy of loader working cycle. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lung tumor images recognition based on PSO-ConvK convolutional neural network Mengmeng LIANG,Tao ZHOU,Yong XIA,Feifei ZHANG,Jian YANG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (5): 77-84.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.191 Abstract （1947）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （3246KB）（835）       Knowledge map    Save In order to solve problems that convolution kernel was random initialization and the gradient descent method to train convolution neural network was easy to fall into local minimum, an image recognition method based on particle swarm optimization for convolution kernel was proposed. CNN(convolution neural network) was constructed by using the parameter migration method, and convolution kernel was extracted. The particle swarm algorithm was used to update the velocity and position of particles constantly and find the global optimal value to initialize convolution kernels. Convolution kernels were transferred to convolution neural network, and lung tumor images were used to train them. CNN model was trained by lung tumor images, and gradient descent method was used to modify network weights, hence global optimization ability of PSO algorithm was combined with local search ability of gradient descent method. The experiments verified effectiveness of method through three perspectives: batch sizes, iteration numbers, and network layer numbers. The particle swarm algorithm was compared with gauss function. The recognition rates of PSO optimized convolution kernel were always higher than that of randomized convolution kernel and gauss convolution kernel, its recognition rate reached 98.3%, which had certain feasibility and superiority. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Air quality prediction approach based on integrating forecasting dataset Minghe GAO,Ying ZHANG,Rongrong ZHANG,Zihao HUANG,Linyan HUANG,Fanyu LI,Xin ZHANG,Yanhao WANG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2020, 50 (2): 91-99.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2019.404 Abstract （1947）   HTML （25）    PDF（pc） （4733KB）（899）       Knowledge map    Save Towarding the air quality prediction research problem, LightGBM was employed to propose and design a predictive feature-based air quality prediction approach, which could effectively predict the PM2.5 concentration, i.e., the key indicator reflecting air quality, in the upcoming 24-hour within Beijing. During constructing the prediction solution, the features of the training data set was analyzed to execute data cleansing, and the methods of random forest and linear interpolation were used to solve the problem of high data loss and noise interference. The predictive data features were integrated into the dataset, and meanwhile the corresponding statistical features were designed to imiprove the prediction accurancy. The sliding window mechanism was used to mine high-dimensional time features and increase the quantity of data features. The performance and result of the proposed approach were analyzed in details through comparing with the basedline models. The experimental results showed that compared with other model methods, the proposed LightGBM-based prediction approach with integrating forecasting data had higher prediction accuracy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Indoor wireless positioning based on ensemble deep neural network Dongdong SHEN,Fengyu ZHOU,Mengyuan LI,Shuqian WANG,Renhe GUO Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (5): 95-102.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.169 Abstract （1938）   HTML （29）    PDF（pc） （6449KB）（367）       Knowledge map    Save Because of the low fault tolerance and weak anti-noise ability of fingerprint database in traditional wireless positioning model, an ensemble deep neural network wireless positioning method based on data fusion was proposed. This method could effectively overcome the interference caused by abnormal samples and noisy data on the wireless positioning system by sampling from the original fingerprint database randomly to generate train data for each base learner. During the process of fingerprint database construction, the Gauss-Occupied (G-O) data expansion method was proposed to solve the limitation of the small sample size of the wireless fingerprint database and decrease the cost of manual acquisition sharply, which increased the scope of the sample′s characterization. The results of the experiment showed that the proposed ensemble deep neural network wireless positioning model could not only improve the average positioning accuracy and the anti-noise ability of the wireless positioning system, but also reduce the maximum single point error in the positioning process. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and optimization of urea deposits formation in urea-SCR systems BAI Fengyue, WEN Bangyao, BAI Shuzhan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE)    2017, 47 (4): 70-76.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2017.047 Abstract （1918）      PDF（pc） （2743KB）（833）       Knowledge map    Save Urea crystallization in the urea selective catalytic reduction(urea-SCR)system was analyzed by detecting the components of the deposits with thermo-gravimeter-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(TG-FTIR)technology and simulating the air motion in the exhaust system with computational fluid dynamics(CFD)technology. To solve the problem of urea solution hitting the wall and poor atomization, the integral nozzle mountings structure and integrated nozzle seat package structure were put forward based on the CFD results, and the exhaust temperature when it started to spray and the injection rate of urea solution were optimized with engine bench tests. The results indicated that there were no urea deposits in the optimized structures when the exhaust temperature reached 272 ℃ or the injection rate of urea solution reached 5 g/min, thus solved the urea crystallization problem, which could provide effective methods for design and optimization of SCR systems for diesel engines. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on development of simultaneous localization and mapping technology Jianqing WU,Xiuguang SONG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2021, 51 (5): 16-31.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2021.168 Abstract （1917）   HTML （254）    PDF（pc） （2986KB）（1168）       Knowledge map    Save As a hot spot in the field of intelligent transportation, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology is the key to autonomous path planning for self-driving vehicles. This review focused on four parts with introduction of sensors related to SLAM technology, localization, mapping, and multi-sensor integration. Each step of realization for SLAM technology was introduced from advantages and disadvantages, range of application, probability algorithm, types of map, and integration methods. Based on the investigation of relevant researches about multi-sensor integration, common problems of SLAM technology were analyzed, future development trend and practical engineering application of SLAM technology were prospected. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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An automatic reading method for pointer meter Yanghao ZHOU,Yifan LIU,Li LI Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2019, 49 (4): 1-7.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.275 Abstract （1913）   HTML （156）    PDF（pc） （4120KB）（848）       Knowledge map    Save An automatic reading method for automatically monitoring pointer meter in substation was proposed based on the machine learning and image processing algorithms, which was consisted of two stages: meter detection and pointer recognition. The position of the meter in the input image was detected by using the fully convolutional networks, and then the patch of the meter was extracted. The interference of illumination and shadow on the pointer recognition was reduced by using histogram equalization, median filtering and bilateral filtering, and the tilt of shooting was rectified by using the affine transformation. The position of the pointer was detected via the improved Hough transform. The reading was obtained by computing the angle of the pointer. The results showed that the method could detect the pointer meter and recognize the reading accurately for the pointer instrument in the substation. The method showed good robustness to the disturbances such as illumination and shadow, which could significantly reduce the substation inspection personnel workload and improve the work efficiency. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Suggestion sentence classification model based on feature fusion and ensemble learning Pu ZHANG,Chang LIU,Yong WANG Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science)    2018, 48 (5): 47-54.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2018.207 Abstract （1894）   HTML （16）    PDF（pc） （1579KB）（481）       Knowledge map    Save As an emerging research task, suggestion mining has gradually attracted attention of researchers in recent years. Compared with English language suggestion expression forms, those of Chinese were more abundant, and many different characteristics were present. It was necessary to carry out the research on suggestion mining in the Chinese environment. As suggestion sentence detection was the core task of suggestion mining, this research proposed an ensemble learning model that integrated the Stacking and Bagging methods to classify the reviews for the detection of suggestion sentence. The model firstly used Stacking to combine classifiers and constructed probabilistic feature space. Then, the convolution neural network (CNN) and paragraph vector (PV) model were used to construct the CNN feature space and paragraph vector feature space of the reviews respectively. Finally, the above features were fused and the Bagging classifier was trained to classify suggestion sentences. Experimental results on Chinese dataset verified the effectiveness of the model. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics