Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science) ›› 2021, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5): 42-52.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1672-3961.0.2021.174

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Review of frequency dynamic behavior evolution and analysis method requirements of power system

Hengxu ZHANG1(),Yongji CAO1,*(),Yi ZHANG1,Changgang LI1,Jiacheng RUAN1,VLADIMIR Terzija   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education (Shandong University), Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
    2. Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russian Federation
  • Received:2021-04-13 Online:2021-10-20 Published:2021-09-29
  • Contact: Yongji CAO E-mail:zhanghx@sdu.edu.cn;caoyongji_sdu@163.com

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Abstract:

The development of renewable energies changed the operation states of power systems, which complicated the frequency dynamics and brought about new challenges to frequency security and stability. The process of frequency dynamic response was introduced, whose quantitative characteristics and analysis methods were reviewed. And the strengths and promising prospects of frequency dynamics analysis method based on artificial intelligence were emphasized. From the viewpoints of the strong variability of renewables energies, the low inertia of nonsynchronous power sources, and the high risk of large power deficits and cascading faults, the changes of the operation states of power systems were analyzed, and the new requirements on frequency analysis and control were discussed. The inertia definition of power systems with the rapid development of renewable energies was revealed, and the virtual inertia control methods were reviewed. The strengths and promising prospects of the coordination control of multi-type virtual inertia were emphasized. The important issues to be focused in the research area of frequency analysis and control were summarized, and the suggestions for further studies were provided.

Key words: frequency dynamic response, frequency security, frequency stability, renewable energies, equivalent inertia

CLC Number: 

  • TM61

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of frequency dynamic response process"

Table 1

Frequency dynamic response characteristics of different stages"

阶段 主导因素 时间尺度
扰动初始 整步功率系数 0~0.5 s
惯量响应 惯量 0.5~2 s
一次调频响应 一次调频能力 2 s至几十秒
二次调频响应 二次调频能力 几十秒至十几分钟

Table 2

Dynamic frequency response analysis methods"

分析方法 基础理论 优点 缺点
基于简化模型 平均系统频率模型/系统频率响应模型 计算速度快 计算精度低, 难以描述频率时空分布特性
全时域仿真 机电暂态仿真模型 计算精度高 计算速度慢
基于人工智能 人工智能方法 计算速度较快、精度较高 依赖训练数据, 难以解释物理含义
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